Geologic landforms

Question 1

This volcano is highly viscous and highly explosive

Answer 1

Stratovolcano

Question 2

Low viscosity, runny lava, and spreads away from the source

Answer 2

Shield volcano

Question 3

Also called scoria cones, steep with straight or gently concave sides

Answer 3

Cinder

Question 4

Mixed landform and associated with lava flows and pyroclastic rocks

Answer 4

Complex volcano

Question 5

volcanic caldera that has been partially filled by a new central cone

Answer 5

Somma Volcano

Question 6

Deep sea hydrothermal vents volcanic activities release dark colored smoke

Answer 6

black smokers

Question 7

roughly circular holes where volcanic origin is postulated and no igneous rock can be found and may have been formed from igneous eruptions

Answer 7

Cryptovolcano

Question 8

What is the first modern theory of landscape evolution?

Answer 8

Geographical Cycle

Question 9

Who expounded the geographical cycle?

Answer 9

William Morris Davis

Question 10

branch of geomorphology studies the form of the land surface

Answer 10

geomorphometry

Question 11

processes driven by geologic forces

Answer 11

endogenic processes

Question 12

processes driven by climatic forces

Answer 12

exogenic processes

Question 13

rapid flow of soil and regolith containing large amount of water

Answer 13

debris flow

Question 14

permanently frozen ground

Answer 14

permafrost

Question 15

slow sliding of saturated soil and regolith that can involve permafrost beneath sliding layer

Answer 15

solifluction

Question 16

known as explosion craters and are shallow craters caused by volcanic eruptions

Answer 16

Maar

Question 17

looks like coiled rope

Answer 17

pahoehoe lava

Question 18

spheroidal shaped solidified lava formed when underwater when magma rapidly cooled made contact with salt water

Answer 18

Pillow lava

Question 19

large quantity of molten lava in a crater, vent, or other depression in the ground

Answer 19

Lava lake

Question 20

Also called stream valves

Answer 20

Fumaroles

Question 21

volcanic vents which emit volalite gases at high temperatures in powerful jets

Answer 21

fumaroles

Question 22

what are the gases emitted by fumaroles

Answer 22

sulfuric dioxide, hydrochloric acid, and ammonium

Question 23

valley glaciers leave mountains and spread on to a flat land as large lobes of spreading ice

Answer 23

piedmont

Question 24

glacial ice covering high uplands areas

Answer 24

ice caps

Question 25

u shaped feature created during glaciation when narrow valleys undergo a transformation as the glacier widens and deepens them

Answer 25

glacial trough

Question 26

large valley glacier systems consists of cirques that feed ice into a large trunk glacier

Answer 26

hanging valley

Question 27

focal point of the glacier's growth because it is the area of the snow accumulation

Answer 27

cirque

Question 28

crest of rock left after two adjacent glaciers have worn a steep ridge into the rock

Answer 28

arete

Question 29

subparallel normal faults dipping towards each other blocks are bounded up

Answer 29

horst

Question 30

accumulations of dirt and rockes that have fallen onto the glacier surface or have been pushed along by the glacier as it moves

Answer 30

moraine

Question 31

present at high latitudes where the ocean is adjacent to the mountains

Answer 31

fjord

Question 32

present at high latitudes where the ocean is adjacent to the mountains

Answer 32

fjord

Question 33

rock outcrops that have been partially covered by ice caps due to topography

Answer 33

nunataks

Question 34

form by the erosion of gently sloping beds

Answer 34

cuestas

Question 35

rises some 1500 feet or more above its surroundings and has at least one steep side

Answer 35

plateau

Question 36

rises some 1500 feet or more above its surroundings and has at least one steep side

Question 37

forms from erosion attacks to form either a more or less straight front created by parallel retreat, or an irregular front with erosion scarps resulting from spring erosion or concentration of surface runoff

Answer 37

mesa

Question 38

flat topped, steep sided towers of rock

Answer 38

butte

Question 39

form due to the dissolution of carbonate rocks

Answer 39

cave

Question 40

large flat plain of karst territory

Answer 40

polje

Question 41

etched pitted grooved rugged surface formed from weathered limestone

Answer 41

lapies

Question 42

separated from each other by swamps or alluvial plains

Answer 42

tower karst

Question 43

terrain is approx equally shared by conical dolines and conical residual hills

Answer 43

cone karst

Question 44

surface drainage patter first develops on a non soluble rock and later erodes into soluble rock when subsurface drainage totally defeats the surface flow

Answer 44

karst valley

Question 45

closed cone or bowl shaped hollows and small or moderate depressions that forms from carbonate rocks

Answer 45

doline

Question 46

large scale doline

Answer 46

uvalas

Question 47

large isolated bodies of water forms due to water filling large depressions

Answer 47

lake

Question 48

deposition bar or beach landform off coasts or lake shores

Answer 48

spit

Question 49

bar that extends outward from the shore connecting an island

Answer 49

tombolo

Question 50

extends outwards from the shoreline in a triangular shape that forms through accretion and progradation of sand and shingle

Answer 50

cuspate foreland

Question 51

coastal wetlands that form when mud is deposited by tides or rivers

Answer 51

mudflat

Question 52

forms from action of waves to unconsolidated sediments

Answer 52

rippies

Question 53

deformed beds that rolled into small anticlines and sharp synclines formed due to the disturbance of paleocurrents

Answer 53

convulated beds

Question 54

temporary islands in a braided river

Answer 54

braid bars

Question 55

other term for braid bars

Answer 55

eyots

Question 56

fluvial system consisting of a river, lagoon, and barriers

Answer 56

estuary

Question 57

develops when channel leeve breaks and causes an overbank flooding

Answer 57

crevasse splay

Question 58

stream channels with flat floors and steep walls of sediment usually found in deserts and other arid climates due to water less conditions

Answer 58

arroyo

Question 59

circular holes that were caused by erosion due to the downward circular motion of eroding particles

Answer 59

potholes

Question 60

circular holes that were caused by erosion due to the downward circular motion of eroding particles

Answer 60

potholes

Question 61

sand seas or areas where there is high accumulation of sand

Answer 61

ergs

Question 62

wind blown silts of different compositions

Answer 62

loess

Question 63

areas where deep erosion of poorly consolidated rocks creates a landscape of steep slopes sparse vegetation and intricate stream networks

Answer 63

badlands

Question 64

crescentic concave ridges created by the transportation and deposition of sediment with the slip face transverse to the wind

Answer 64

transverse dune

Question 65

isolated long scoop shaped hollows or parabolas of sand with ends following the wind direction that forms due to sand blowouts and subsequent deposition

Answer 65

barchan dune

Question 66

form in coastal areas where partial cover of vegetation a strong onshore wind and opposite of barchan

Answer 66

parabolic dune

Question 67

form in coastal areas where partial cover of vegetation a strong onshore wind and opposite of barchan

Answer 67

parabolic dune

Question 68

dunes with varying directions of ends that form from highly variable with direction

Answer 68

star dune

Question 69

deflations where the topsoil or sand has been carried away by the wind

Answer 69

blowouts

Question 70

intricately pitted rock surfaces that have often been attributed to wind abrasion

Answer 70

honeycomb structures

Question 71

alcoves and niches in rock walls that may have been resulted from wind abrasion, where they are at the base of a cliff

Answer 71

wind caves

Question 72

short flat topped sand ridges which extend parallel to the prevailing winds but lack the collapsing fonts

Answer 72

undulations

Question 73

isolated rock islands formed due to its highly resistant nature

Answer 73

inselberg

Question 74

streamlined wind sculped landform carved in soft rock by persistent winds in flat deserts parallel to prevailing winds

Answer 74

yardang

Question 75

residual masses of weak rock capped with harder rock primarily formed by the wind action

Answer 75

pedestal rock

Question 76

irregular shaped rock formation that is tall and pillar like

Answer 76

hoodoo

Question 77

rocks that exhibit one or polished and faceted surfaces but these are rare because strong winds abundance of sand and absence of vegetation are essential to their best development

Answer 77

ventifact

Question 78

german term for debris avalanche

Answer 78

sturzstrom

Question 79

angle of reach or shadow angle

Answer 79

fahrboschung