Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors Flashcards
1
Q
Medications
A
- Inamrinone (approved only for use in patients with HF that has not responded to digoxin, diuretics, or vasodilators)
- Milrinone (Short-term management of HF in patients who are receiving digoxin and diuretics)
2
Q
Actions
A
-Block the enzyme phosphodiesterase, leads to an increase in myocardial cell cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), which increases calcium levels causing a stronger contraction and prolonged response to sympathetic stimulation; directly relaxes vascular smooth muscle
3
Q
Indications
A
-Short-term treatment HF in patients unresponsive to digitalis, diuretics, or vasodilators
4
Q
Contraindications
A
- Allergy
- Severe aortic or pulmonic disease, MI, fluid volume deficit, and ventricular arrthymias
5
Q
Caution
A
- Pregnancy/lactation
- Elderly
6
Q
Adverse effects
A
- Arrhythmias
- Hypotension
- N/V
- Thrombocytopenia
- Pericarditis
- Pleuritis
- Fever
- Chest pain
- Burning at injection site
7
Q
Drug-Drug interactions
A
-Furosemide
8
Q
Assessment
A
- History: check for any contraindications
- Physical: cardiac status and heart sounds, VS, certain labs
9
Q
Nursing Diagnoses
A
- Decreased cardiac output r/t development of arrhythmias or hypotension
- Risk for injury r/t CNS or CV
- Ineffective tissue perfusion r/t hypotension, thrombocytopenia, or arrhythmias
- Deficient knowledge r/t drug therapy
10
Q
Implementation
A
- Protect drug from light
- Monitor pulse and BP frequently
- Monitor I&O’s and weight
- Monitor platelet counts
- Provide life support equipment on standby
11
Q
Evaluation
A
- Evaluation patient response to the drug (alleviation of signs and symptoms of heart failure)
- Monitor for adverse effects
- Evaluate the compliance with the regimen
- Evaluate the effectiveness of the teaching plan
