HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors "Statins" Flashcards
1
Q
Medications
A
“-statin”
- Atorvastatin
- Lovastatin
- Pravastatin
- Rosuvastatin
- Simvastatin
2
Q
Action
A
-HMG-CoA reductase (enzyme) is need to synthesize cholesterol in the liver, if this is blocked serum cholesterol and LDL decrease. HDL level increases.
3
Q
Indications
A
- Along with diet, treat elevated cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL
- Increase in HDL in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia
4
Q
Contraindications
A
- Allergy
- Pregnacy/Lactation (PREGNANCY CATEGORY X)
- Acute liver disease or alcoholic liver disease
5
Q
Cautions
A
- Renal impairment which can be worsened if rhabdomyolysis occurs
- Impaired endocrine fx
6
Q
Adverse drug effects
A
- GI: Flatulence, abdominal pain, cramps, N/V, constipation
- CNS: HA, dizziness, blurred vision, insomnia, fatigue, cataracts
- Liver: elevated liver enzymes and acute liver failure
- Rhabdomyolysis: breakdown of muscles which releases waste product that can injure the glomerulus and result in acute renal failure
7
Q
Drug-Drug interactions
A
- Erythromycin, cyclosporine, gemfibrozil, niacin, or antifungal drugs: increased risk of rhabdomyolysis
- Digoxin or warfarin: Increased serum levels and possible toxicity
- Grapefruit juice: Increased risk of toxicity
- Oral contraceptives: Increased estrogen levels
8
Q
Assessment
A
- History: Allergy, pregnancy/lactation, liver disease, impaired endocrine fx
- Physical: CNS, abdomen, VS, weight
- Labs: renal and hepatic fx, lipid levels
9
Q
Nursing diagnoses
A
- Disturbed sensory perception
- Risk for injury
- Acute pain
- Deficient knowledge
10
Q
Implementation
A
- Administer at bedtime
- Monitor serum cholesterol, LDLs
- Periodic eye exams
- Lifestyle modifications
- Use barrier contraceptives
- Comfort measures for adverse effects
- Provide pt teaching
11
Q
Evaluation
A
- Evaluate response to drug
- Evaluate effectiveness of teaching plan
- Evaluate effectiveness of comfort and safety measure/compliance to regimen
