Antianginal Agents - General Flashcards
1
Q
Atheromas
A
-Fatty tumors in the intima of the heart vessels
2
Q
Atherosclerosis
A
-Narrowing of the blood vessels
3
Q
Angina pectoris
A
-“suffocation of the chest”
4
Q
Myocardial infarction
A
-Cells in the myocardium become necrotic and die
5
Q
Stable angina
A
-No damage to the heart muscle; basic reflexes surrounding the pain restore blood flow
6
Q
Unstable angina
A
-Episodes of ischemia occur even when at rest
7
Q
Prinzmetal’s angina
A
-Caused by spasm of the blood vessels, not just by vessel narrowing
8
Q
Acute myocardial infarction
A
- If a coronary vessel becomes completely occluded and is unable to deliver blood to the cardiac muscle th area of muscle that depends on that vessel for oxygen becomes ischemic and then necrotic
- Resulting in excruciating pain, nausea
9
Q
Actions of antianginal drugs
A
- Improve blood delivery to the heart muscle by dilating blood vessels
- Improve blood delivery to the heart muscle by decreasing the work of the heart
10
Q
Considerations for children
A
- Not commonly found in children
- Congenital heart defects and cardiac surgery- nitroglycerin may be used
- Dosage by age and weight
- Monitor closely
11
Q
Considerations in adults
A
- Determine and avoid activities that cause angina
- Teach when to seek emergency treatment
- Teach non-pharmacological measures (weight loss, diet, exercise)
- Drugs do cross placenta and enter breastmilk
12
Q
Considerations for older adults
A
- More likely to experience ADE
- Safety measures for balance and mobility
- Doses should be started lower
13
Q
Types of antianginal drugs
A
- Nitrates
- Beta-Adrenergic blockers
- Calcium channel blockers
