Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm Final > Pharmacodynamics and kinetics > Flashcards

Pharmacodynamics and kinetics Flashcards

1
Q

Kinetics and Dynamics

a. intravenous drugs have bioavailability of 50%

A

a. False, IV drugs have 100% bioavailability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

b. topical administration is a type of parenteral administration

A

b. False, parenteral administration results in systemic effects and topical administration will cause local effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

c. sodium bicarbonate increases the pH of the stomach

A

c. True, bicarb will make the stomach more basic and thus, increase the pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

d. first-pass metabolism refers to renal elimination of water soluble drugs

A

d. False, first pass metabolism Refers to the elimination that occurs when a drug is first absorbed from the intestine & passes through the liver via the portal circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

e. adrenaline is a alpha-1 receptor agonist

A

e. True, acts on alpha and beta-adrenergic receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

a. in first-order kinetics, the rate of elimination of a drug is constant

A

A. False, in first order kinetics a constant fraction of the drug in the body is eliminated. The rate of elimination is proportional amount to the drug in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

b. a non-competitive antagonist shifts the dose response curve to the left

A

B. False, a non-competitive antagonist does not shift the curve. It reduces the maximal response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

c. a competitive antagonist binds irreversibly to the receptor

A

C. False, a non-competitive antagonist binds irreversibly to the receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

d. the higher the affinity of a drug for its receptor, the higher its potency

A

D. True. Affinity is the ability to bind a receptor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

e. second messengers relay signals from receptors on the cell surface to target molecules inside the cell

A

E. True, second messengers Relay signals received at the surface to target molecules in cytosol or nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pharmacokinetics

a. bioavailability refers to the elimination rate of a drug per unit time

A

A. False, bioavailability is the fraction of drug absorbed into systemic circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pharmacokinetics

b. rifampicin is a cytochrome P450 enzyme inhibitor

A

B. False, rifampicin induces P450 enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pharmacokinetics

c. the non-ionized form of a drug readily diffuses easily across cell membranes

A

C. True, The un-ionized form is usually lipid soluble (lipophilic) and diffuses readily across cell membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pharmacokinetics

d. lipophilic drugs have a high volume of distribution

A

D. True, Drugs that are highly lipid soluble, such as digoxin, have a very high volume of distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pharmacokinetics

e. IV administered drugs have a higher 1st pass metabolism than orally administered drugs

A

E. False, IV administered drugs will have no first pass metabolism as the drug won’t pass through the GIT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

a. in zero-order kinetics, the rate of elimination of a drug is proportional to the drug concentration

A

a. False, in zero-order kinetics a constant amount of drug is eliminated per unit time. In first order kinetics, elimination is proportional to drug in the body

17
Q

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

b. a non-competitive antagonist binds irreversibly to the receptor

A

b. True

18
Q

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

c. a competitive antagonist shifts the dose response curve to the left

A

c. False, a competitive antagonist shifts the dose response curve to the right

19
Q

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

d. the higher the affinity of a drug for its receptor, the higher its potency

A

d. True

20
Q

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

e. a partial agonist has less intrinsic activity than a full agonist

A

e. True. agonist has affinity plus intrinsic activity. partial agonist has affinity and less intrinsic activity

21
Q

Pharmacokinetics

a. bioavailability (F) refers to the fraction of the dose of a drug absorbed into the systemic circulation

A

a. True, bioavailability (F) refers to the fraction of the dose of a drug absorbed into the systemic circulation

22
Q

Pharmacokinetics

b. drugs with a high apparent volume of distribution (> 500ℓ) are confined to the plasma

A

b. False, increased VD means increased lipid solubility. The higher the lipid solubility. The lower the VD, the lower the lipid solubility. Decreased lipid solubility will confine a drug to the plasma.

23
Q

Pharmacokinetics

c. a greater proportion of an acidic drug is in its unionized form in an acidic medium

A

c. True, acidic drugs will be unionized in an acidic medium

24
Q

Pharmacokinetics

d. topically administered drugs undergo first-pass metabolism in the liver

A

d. False, topically administered drugs will not pass through the GIT

25
Q

Pharmacokinetics

e. in first order kinetics, the rate of elimination is proportional to the plasma drug concentration

A

e. True, In first order kinetics, elimination is proportional to drug in the body

26
Q

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

a. the time to steady state depends on the half-life of a drug

A

a. False, steady state is achieved after approximately four half lives

27
Q

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

b. drug clearance is dependent on the route of administration

A

b. False, Clearance of a drug is independent of the dose and route of administration

28
Q

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

c. the higher the affinity of a drug for its receptor, the greater its potency

A

c. True

29
Q

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

d. a non-competitive antagonist shifts the dose response curve of the agonist to the left

A

d. False, a non-competitive antagonist does not shift the curve. It reduces the maximal response

30
Q

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

e. the maximal efficacy of a drug is reduced by competitive antagonists

A

e. False, the maximal efficacy is delayed by a competitive antagonist. Maximal efficacy is reduced by a non-competitive antagonist

31
Q

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

a. clearance of a drug is dependent on its route of administration

A

a. False

32
Q

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

b. IV administered drugs have a lower bioavailability than orally administered drugs

A

b. False

33
Q

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

c. hepatic drug metabolism involves the conversion of paracetamol into the lipid soluble form

A

c. False

34
Q

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

d. the higher the affinity of a drug for its receptor, the higher its potency

A

d. True

35
Q

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

e. a competitive antagonist binds irreversibly to the receptor

A

e. False

Pharm Final (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions