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Pharm Final > Anti-coagulants > Flashcards

Anti-coagulants Flashcards

1
Q

Anticoagulants

a. protamine sulfate blocks the action of warfarin

A

a. False. Reverses the action of heparin

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2
Q

b. heparin enhances antithrombin IV activity

A

b. False. Antithrombin III activity

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3
Q

c. aspirin is used for the long-term prevention of stroke

A

c. True.

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4
Q

d. tranexamic acid causes pulmonary emboli

A

d. True

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5
Q

e. streptokinase degrades fibrin thrombi

A

e. True.

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6
Q

Anticoagulants

a. heparin works through the blockade of antithrombin III

A

a. False, heparin enhances anti-thrombin III activity

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7
Q

b. long-term aspirin use causes gastric ulceration as an adverse effect

A

b. True

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8
Q

c. clopidogrel stimulates platelet receptor ADP binding

A

c. False. ADP receptor antagonist

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9
Q

d. streptokinase is used in the treatment of myocardial infarcts

A

d. True (select cases)

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10
Q

e. tranexamic acid stimulates the fibrinolytic action of plasmin

A

e. False. Tranexamic acid exerts an anti-haemorrhagic activity by inhibiting the fibrinolytic properties of plasmin. It is a competitive inhibitor of the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin. At high concentrations it is a non-competitive inhibitor of plasmin. The activity of the tranexamic acid-plasmin complex on the activity on fibrin is lower than the activity of free plasmin alone.

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11
Q

Anticoagulants / Antiplatelet drugs

a. clopidogrel – inhibits thromboxane A2

A

a. False. Clopidogrel is an ADP receptor antagonist

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12
Q

b. warfarin – Vitamin K epoxide reductase inhibitor

A

b. True.

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13
Q

c. heparin – enhances the activity of anti-thrombin III

A

c. True

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14
Q

d. aspirin – blocks binding of ATP to platelets

A

d. False. Aspirin is cox 1 inhibitor and thus decreases txa2 synthesis

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15
Q

e. enoxaparin – factor Xa inhibitor

A

e. True. LMW heparin is selective for factor Xa

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16
Q

In the treatment of thromboembolism

a. streptokinase causes the breakdown of fibrin

A

a. True

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17
Q

In the treatment of thromboembolism

b. heparin is a vitamin K antagonist

A

b. False. Antithrombin III

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18
Q

In the treatment of thromboembolism

c. warfarin is preferred to low molecular weight heparin during pregnancy

A

c. False. Warfarin is CI in pregnancy

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19
Q

In the treatment of thromboembolism

d. aspirin prevents the synthesis of thromboxane A2 in platelets

A

d. True

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20
Q

In the treatment of thromboembolism

e. clopidogrel increases the risk of bleeding when taken at the same time as ibuprofen

A

e. True

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21
Q

Clinical use of anticoagulants

a. warfarin-induced bleeding is reversed by freshly frozen plasma

A

a. True. Remember FFP

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22
Q

b. heparin inactivates plasmin

A

b. False. Plasmin dissolves clots

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23
Q

c. streptokinase is contraindicated in the presence of a haemorrhagic stroke

A

c. True

24
Q

d. orally administered heparin has a faster onset of action than parenteral heparin

A

d. False, parenteral = rapid onset of action

25
Q

e. dalteparin inhibits the activity of factor Xa

A

e. True. Dalteparin, enoxaparin and nadroparin are LMW heparin that selectively inhibit factor Xa

26
Q

Drugs used to manage thrombo-embolic disorders

a. fibrinolytic agents prevent the formation of blood clots

A

a. False. Fibrinolytic agents break down clots

27
Q

b. enoxaparin prevents clot formation

A

b. True (factor Xa inhibition)

28
Q

c. in the prevention of clot formation during the final trimester of pregnancy, warfarin is preferred to enoxaparin

A

c. False, warfarin is CI

29
Q

d. aspirin decreases platelet adherence

A

d. True

30
Q

e. alteplase dissolves fibrin in existing emboli

A

e. True

31
Q

Effects of drugs used to treat thrombo-embolic disorders

a. heparin causes bleeding as an adverse effect

A

a. True

32
Q

b. warfarin depletes active Vitamin K levels

A

b. True. Inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase. Therefore, vitamin k will be reduced

33
Q

c. enoxaparin is safe to use in patients undergoing epidural anaesthesia

A

c. False. CI

34
Q

d. aspirin stimulates the synthesis of thromboxane A2 in the platelet

A

d. False, inhibits

35
Q

e. clopidogrel prevents platelet activation

A

e. True. ADP receptor antagonist

36
Q

In the prevention of clot formation

a. enoxaparin is administered orally

A

a. False, parenteral

37
Q

b. In the platelet, aspirin inhibits thromboxane A2 synthesis

A

b. True

38
Q

c. low molecular weight heparin binds to factor Xa

A

c. True

39
Q

d. dabigatran inhibits thrombin

A

d. True

40
Q

e. clopidogrel is an agonist at ADP receptors

A

e. False, antagonist

41
Q

Antithrombotics & anticoagulants

a. enoxaparin inhibits the activity of vitamin K epoxide reductase

A

a. False, this is warfarin

42
Q

b. warfarin activates vitamin K in the liver

A

b. False, inhibits the activity of vitamin K epoxide reductase

43
Q

c. rivaroxaban inhibits factor Xa

A

c. True

44
Q

d. heparin increases the activity of antithrombin III

A

d. True

45
Q

e. unfractionated heparin is administered intravenously

A

e. True

46
Q

In thromboembolic disorders

a. clopidogrel is an agonist at platelet ADP receptors

A

a. False antagonist

47
Q

b. aspirin increases platelet inositol triphosphate levels

A

b. False, decreases

48
Q

c. streptokinase causes antibody formation

A

c. True, foreign body causes antibodies

49
Q

d. warfarin decreases active protein S

A

d. True, warfarin affects clotting factors II, VII, IX, X, Protein C and S

50
Q

e. dabigatran inhibits the function of thrombin

A

e. True.

51
Q

In the management of thrombi, identify the agents that may cause paradoxical clot formation
a. dabigatran

A

a. False

52
Q

In the management of thrombi, identify the agents that may cause paradoxical clot formation

b. warfarin

A

b. True

53
Q

In the management of thrombi, identify the agents that may cause paradoxical clot formation

c. aspirin

A

c. False

54
Q

In the management of thrombi, identify the agents that may cause paradoxical clot formation

d. heparin

A

d. True

55
Q

In the management of thrombi, identify the agents that may cause paradoxical clot formation

e. prasugrel

A

e. False

Pharm Final (25 decks)

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