Bone Homeostasis

Question 1

Bone Homeostasis

a. calcitonin decreases serum calcium

Answer 1

a. True

Question 2

b. alendronate causes oesophagitis

Answer 2

b. True

Question 3

c. parathyroid hormone increases calcium excretion in urine

Answer 3

c. False, PTH decreases calcium excretion

Question 4

d. vitamin D increases calcium absorption in the GIT

Answer 4

d. True

Question 5

e. pamidronate is 90% absorbed from the GIT

Answer 5

e. False, Pamidronate is given IV no GI effect

Question 6

Bone Homeostasis

a. osteoclast resorption is inhibited by calcitonin

Answer 6

a. False. Osteoclast activity promoted by PTH and vitamin D. Inhibited by bisphosphonates and estrogens

Question 7

b. vitamin D inhibits osteoclasts and osteoblasts

Answer 7

b. False. Vitamin D stimulates osteoclast activity. Osteoblasts are inhibited by steroids and ethanol

Question 8

c. hypocalcaemia is treated with calcitonin

Answer 8

c. False. Calcitonin will causes hypocalcaemia. Treatment: Ca2+ salts, PTH, Vitamin D

Question 9

d. alendronate is commonly used in osteoporosis patients

Answer 9

d. True. Alendronate and pamidronate are used to treat osteoporosis, glucocorticoidassociated osteoporosis and Paget’s disease

Question 10

Bone Homeostasis

a. calcitonin decreases serum calcium

Answer 10

a. True

Question 11

b. alendronate causes oesophagitis

Answer 11

b. True

Question 12

c. parathyroid hormone increases calcium excretion in urine

Answer 12

c. False

Question 13

d. vitamin D increases calcium absorption in the GIT

Answer 13

d. True

Question 14

e. pamidronate is 90% absorbed from the GIT

Answer 14

e. False. IV

Question 15

Bone Homeostasis

a. osteoclast resorption is inhibited by calcitonin

Answer 15

a. False. Inhibited by bisphosphonates and estrogens

Question 16

b. vitamin D inhibits osteoclasts and osteoblasts

Answer 16

b. False,

Question 17

c. hypocalcaemia is treated with calcitonin

Answer 17

c. False

Question 18

d. alendronate is commonly used in osteoporosis patients

Answer 18

d. True

Question 19

e. calcium carbonate causes allergic reactions more frequently than calcitonin

Answer 19

e. True. Calcium carbonate can causes hypersensitivity reactions, whereas calcitonin is a naturally occurring substance

Question 20

Bone Homeostasis

a. teriparatide is a parathyroid hormone analogue

Answer 20

a. True.

Question 21

b. raloxifene stimulates bone resorption

Answer 21

b. False, raloxifene inhibits bone resorption

Question 22

c. phytic acid decreases the absorption of calcium

Answer 22

c. True. Phytic acid (bran) and oxalic acid (spinach) decreases calcium absorption

Question 23

d. alendronate is used in the treatment of osteoporosis

Answer 23

d. True

Question 24

e. alendronate is used to treat oesophageal ulceration

Answer 24

e. False. Causes

Question 25

Bone Homeostasis | a. alendronate is administered intravenously

Answer 25

a. False. Alendronate is administered orally and pamidronate is administered IV

Question 26

b. raloxifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator

Answer 26

b. True. Raloxifene is a SERM

Question 27

c. bisphosphonates induce osteoclastic bone reabsorption

Answer 27

c. False. Bisphosphonates interfere with osteoclastic function and induce osteoclastic apoptosis

Question 28

d. calcitonin increases the renal reabsorption of calcium

Answer 28

d. False

Question 29

e. strontium ranelate is used in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis

Answer 29

e. True

Question 30

Bone homeostasis | a. Alendronate causes oesophagitis as an adverse effect

Answer 30

a. True, administered orally so affects the GIT

Question 31

Bone homeostasis | b. Teriparatide lowers plasma calcium levels via osteoclast inhibition

Answer 31

b. False, increases plasma calcium levels through activation of osteoclastic acitvity

Question 32

Bone homeostasis | c. Vitamin D increases bone resorption

Answer 32

c. True, osteoclastic activity is stimulated by PTH and vitamin D

Question 33

Bone homeostasis | d. Teriparatide is a parathyroid hormone analogue

Answer 33

d. True

Question 34

Bone homeostasis | e. Raloxifene stimulates bone resorption

Answer 34

e. False, SERMs inhibit bone resorption

Question 35

Bone homeostasis | f. Phytic acid decreases the absorption of calcium

Answer 35

f. True, phytic acid and oxalic acid decrease calcium absorption

Question 36

Bone homeostasis | g. Alendronate is used in the treatment of osteoporosis

Answer 36

g. True