PharmacoDYNAMICS Flashcards
2 core aspects of PHARMACODYNAMICS:
- Mechanism of Drug Action (MOA)
- Pharmacologic effects – desired effects
– specific biochemical interaction through which a drug substance produces its pharmacological effect
Mechanism of Drug Action (MOA)
- includes mention of the specific molecular targets to which the drug binds, such as an enzyme or receptor.
Mechanism of Drug Action (MOA)
when 2.5% Phenylephrine interacts with alpha1 receptors at dilator pupillae
is an example of:
Mechanism of Drug Action (MOA)
specific molecular protein or macromolecule (DNA) which is a component of cells, biologic system, microorganisms, other foreign bodies/cancer cells, into which the drug interacts to initiate chain of biochemical events leading to the drug’s desired effect
Receptor
Receptors follows the “_____” principles of drug interactions
Lock & Key
Receptors- should be________ to bring about the effect
selective & modifiable
Classifications of receptors:
- Kinase receptors
- Ion channels
- G protein-coupled receptors
- Intracellular receptors
Receptor sites/types:
Type 1
Type 2
Type 3
receptor– at cell membrane (most common)
Type 1 receptor
receptor at cytoplasm
Type 2 receptor
receptor at nucleus
Type 3 receptor
– amount of attraction between drug and receptor
Affinity
Drugs with _____ binds to receptor even at low conc. (more potent)
High Affinity
moderate-low affinity requires _______ drug concentration.
Higher
kinds of Binding force (Bond) between drug and receptor:
- Covalent Bond
- Van der Waals bond
- hydrogen bond
- Ionic Bond
- Hydrophobic Bond
– strongest bond and produced irreversible effect
Covalent Bond
weakest bond
most important
because most of drugs contain cationic and anionic groups, reversible
Van der Waals Bond
– affect only one type of receptor and produces a specific response
Drug Selectivity
drug will interacts to different receptor site
Drug Non-selective
when 2.5%Phenylephrine → acts only on alpha1 receptor
is an example of?
Drug Selectivity
when 5% Epinephrine → can interacts with all subtypes of alpha and subtype of B-receptors (A1,A2) (B1, B2, B3)
is an example of?
Non-selective Drug
