Hypertensive DRUGS

Question 1

The ANTI-HPN drugs:

Answer 1

• Diuretics
• Beta-blockers
• Calcium Channel Blocker CCB
• Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
• Angiotensin II BLOCKERS (ARB)
• Arteriolar vasodilators
• Central-acting sympatholytic agents
• Pre-ganglionic Adrenergic Blockers
• Anti-hyperlipidemic agents

Question 2

S/E of Anti-Hypertensive Drugs:

Answer 2

orthostatic HYPO-tension (HPoN)

except: Diuretics & anti-hyper-lipidemic agents

Question 3

most commonly used anti-hypertensive diuretic agent:

Answer 3

Thiazide - Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT)

Question 4

more potent diuretics but weaker anti-hypertensive effect:

Answer 4

Loop Diuretics:

Furosemide

bumetamide

ethacrynic acid

Question 5

S/E of Loop diuretics:

Answer 5

Severe Electrolyte imbalance

Question 6

has modest anti-hypertensive effect with minimal K+ loss

useful for mineralocorticoids excess with HPN

Answer 6

K+ electrolyte sparing diuretics :

Spironolactone

amiloride

triamterene

Question 7

Side effect of Beta-blockers:

Answer 7

Bradycardia

Question 8

Contra-Indications of non-selective beta-blockers:

Answer 8

COPD - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary diseases

DM

Question 9

beta-blocker for emergency HPN

Answer 9

Labetolol IV

Question 10

Beta-blockers that are safe with COPD & DM :

Answer 10

Cardio-selective (B1) beta-blockers

Question 11

non-selective beta blockers list:

Answer 11

MGA OLOL

• Propanolol - 1st discovered
• Timolol
• Labetolol
• Carteolol

Question 12

cardio-selective B1 blockers list:

Answer 12

Practolol - 1st discovered

Betaxolol - has anesthetic like membrane action (affects cardiac action potential)

Nevibolol - has vasodilating property

Question 13

Calcium Channel Blocker (CCB) list:

Answer 13

MGA PINE:

Nifedipine

Amlodipine

Question 14

S/E of CCB:

Answer 14

Headache

Question 15

inhibits NA+ and water retention:

Answer 15

ACE - Angiotensin Converting Enzyme

Captopril

MGA PRIL

Question 16

drug of choice for HYPERTENSION with DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY

Answer 16

ARB - Angiotensin II BLOCKERS:

Losartan

Candesartan

MGA TAN

Question 17

Central-acting symphatolytic Agent used for ER HPN:

Answer 17

Clonidine

Question 18

Anti-hyperlipidemic agent for elevated triglycerides and LDL in the Blood

Answer 18

Fibric Acid

Gemfibrozil - causes cholelithiasis (gall-stones)

Question 19

Anti-hyperlipidemic agent for Hypercholesterolemia :

Answer 19

HMG-CoA = Hydroxy-methyl-glutaryl Co-enzyme reductase Inhibitor

Pravastatin

Lovastatin

mga STATIN

Question 20

Anti-HPN agent that may cause CATARACT

Answer 20

STATINS :

Anti-Hyperlipidemic agents = HMG-COA

Question 21

Drugs for CHF - Congestive heart failure:

Answer 21

Cardiac Glycosides (DIGITALIS):

DIGOXIN - common used

Question 22

3 D’s for management of CHF:

Answer 22

DIET, DIURETICS, DIGITALIS

Question 23

ANT-HPN drug that may cause Xanthopsia:

Answer 23

DIGITALIS - DIGOXIN