Analgesics

Question 1

Pain is initiated at specialized pain endings in peripheral tissues known as

Answer 1

NOCICEPTORS

Question 2

Nociceptors can be activated by mechanical stimulation (trauma) &

by chemical compounds released in response to injury such as?

Answer 2

serotonin

bradykinin,

histamine

Question 3

do not directly stimulate these nerve endings but rather sensitize the nociceptors

Answer 3

Arachidonic acid metabolites:

(prostaglandins & leukotrienes)

Question 4

Analgesic drugs act in three principal ways:

Answer 4

Peripherally acting agents

Anesthetic agents

Central acting agents

Question 5

are the mainstay of pain management in outpatient practice.

Answer 5

peripherally acting analgesics - (NSAIDs)

centrally acting analgesics - opioid (narcotic) analgesics

Question 6

• also useful as an analgesic for mild to moderate pain but has no effect on inflammation.

Answer 6

Paracetamol / Acetaminophen

Question 7

oldest non-opioid analgesic

Answer 7

Salicylates (acetylsalicylic acid) - ASPIRIN

Question 8

All nonnarcotic analgesics, including the salicylates have a

Answer 8

Ceiling Effect

Question 9

Commonly used Nonsalicylate NSAIDs

Answer 9

Propionic Acids:

Ibuprofen

Naproxen

Fenoprofen

Ketoprofen

COX 2 inhibitors:

celecoxib

Question 10

all nonsalicylate NSAIDs can inhibit ______

Answer 10

Platelet function

Question 11

The largest class of NSAIDs with both anti-inflammatory and analgesic uses:

Answer 11

Propionic Acid

Question 12

Contraindications to Aspirin and Nonsalicylate NSAlDS:

Answer 12

• Active upper gastrointestinal disease
• History at heavy alcohol use
• History of bronchial asthma, nasal polyps, or aspirin hypersensitivity
• Bleeding disorders, anticoagulant therapy, or vitamin K deficiency
• Pre/postop cataract or other invasive surgery
• Chronic renal or hepatic disease
• Hypertension or congestive heart failure
  
  • Pregnancy