other Dye and Stains

Question 1

Local Acting Dyes list:

Answer 1

1. Fluorescein Dye
2. Fluorexon
3. Fluress
4. Rose Bengal Dye
5. Indocyanine green
6. Argyrol
7. Alcian Blue
8. Sulforhodamine B
9. Methylene Blue
10. Trypan Blue
11. Lissamine Green

Question 2

Stains:

• Large Epithelial defects
• devitalized cells and mucin
• (stains cytoplasm & nucleus)

Answer 2

Fluorexon

Question 3

Stains devitalized cells and mucin to brilliant RED

seen by naked eyes

Answer 3

Rose Bengal Dye

Question 4

Stains skin of the eyelids

Answer 4

Rose Bengal dye

Question 5

Stains nucleus more than the cytoplasm

Answer 5

Rose Bengal Dye

Question 6

vital stain, stain devitalized cells & mucin

Acidic and used as food colorant

simple screening method for detection of vit. A deficiency (xerophthalmia)

Answer 6

LISSAMINE GREEN

Question 7

protein bound given IV angiography vs. Fluorescein angiography

Answer 7

INDOCYANINE GREEN (ICG) angiography

Question 8

Angiography – more effective in revealing choroidal neovascular membranes due to larger wavelengths

vs Fluorescein dye angiography

Answer 8

INDOCYANINE GREEN (ICG)

Question 9

stains disease or dead corneal endothelial cells → intracameral injection

Answer 9

INDOCYANINE GREEN (ICG)

Question 10

Stain anterior lens capsule in cataract surgeries (phacoemulsification) – using 0.5% intracameral injection

Answer 10

INDOCYANINE GREEN (ICG)

Question 11

staining internal limiting membrane – using 0.05% to 0.5% for posterior segment surgeries → intravitreal injection

Answer 11

INDOCYANINE GREEN (ICG)

Question 12

Corneal stromal dystrophy → characterized by deposition of acid muco-polysaccharides in the corneal stroma

stain by:

Answer 12

1% ALCIAN BLUE

Question 13

Differentiate mucin deposits (stained blue) from diseased cells (unstained)

Answer 13

1% ALCIAN BLUE

Question 14

• silver protein with antiseptic property

*1%-2% AgNO3 (Crede’s prophylaxis) → ophthalmia neonatorum infected Neisseria gonorrhea passes to infected birth canal

Answer 14

ARGYROL 10% - 20%

Question 15

excellent indicator of adequacy of preoperative preparation prior to surgical eye scrub

(absence of stain means preparation is complete)

Answer 15

10% - 20% ARGYROL

Question 16

molecular weight: 559

(does not stain epithelial cells but stain corneal stroma)

Answer 16

SULFORHODAMINE B

Question 17

orange excited by green light

by viewing thru orange filter can eliminate fluorescence of sclera allowing observation of tear film

Answer 17

SULFORHODAMINE B

Question 18

vital stain of corneal nerve tissue and stain devitalized corneal cells & mucin

Answer 18

5% METHYLENE BLUE

Question 19

• bluish ocular discoloration persisting for 1 day
• has bacteriostatic property

Answer 19

5% METHYLENE BLUE

Question 20

for irrigation of lacrimal sac prior to Dacryocystorhinostomy

Answer 20

5% METHYLENE BLUE

Question 21

stains anterior lens capsule during phacoemulsification (w/o staining the lens cortex and nucleus)

– 0.06 % intracameral

Answer 21

TRYPAN BLUE

Question 22

stain the ERM in posterior segment surgeries

(Epi-Retinal-Membrane)

Answer 22

TRYPAN BLUE

Question 23

-indicator of corneal endothelial integrity for corneal grafting by injecting to A.C.(intracameral)

Answer 23

TRYPAN BLUE

Question 24

stain and strip the Descemet’s membrane in Descemet’s stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK)

Answer 24

TRYPAN BLUE

Question 25

aid in stripping the corneal endothelium from the donor button in Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK).

Answer 25

TRYPAN BLUE

Question 26

stain the Tenon's capsule after enucleation surgeries

Answer 26

TRYPAN BLUE

Question 27

Dyes with Antimicrobial Properties:

Answer 27

Rose Bengal - anti viral Lissamine Green - anti viral Methylene Blue - anti bacterial Argyrols - anti bacterial

Question 28

used for **Diagnosis** of Dry Eye Syndrome (DES)

Answer 28

LISSAMINE GREEN

Question 29

used In Sjogren's syndrome suspects – **to rule out** Keratoconjunctivitis sicca

Answer 29

LISSAMINE GREEN

Question 30

used for **early diagnosis** of KCS & Sjogren’s syndrome (tear deficiency)

Answer 30

ROSE BENGAL DYE

Question 31

used for **characterizing** the **dendritic lesions** of Herpes simplex I & zoster lesions and superficial punctate keratitis

Answer 31

ROSE BENGAL DYE

Question 32

diagnosis of **Meibomian gland dysfunction** (MGD) → oily layer Tear film def. → Dry Eyes Syndrome

Answer 32

ROSE BENGAL DYE

Question 33

for diagnosis of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, choroidal neovascular membrane, age related macular degeneration (wet), and posterior uveitis

Answer 33

INDOCYANINE GREEN

Question 34

Does not stain most soft contact lenses

Answer 34

FLUOREXON

Question 35

prevent diffusing to contact lens **does not stain small epithelial defects** e.g. micropunctate keratitis, fine dendritic keratitis, small blebs, minor corneal erosions

Answer 35

Fluorexon