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BOARDS specific notecards > Pharm 1 Liner- Renal > Flashcards

Pharm 1 Liner- Renal Flashcards

1
Q

Side effects of thiazide diuretics

A

Hyperuricemia, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia

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2
Q

Mechanism of action of tolvaptan and conivaptan

A

Nonpeptide vasopressin receptor antagonist

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3
Q

Contraindications of mannitol

A

Anuria, HF

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4
Q

Mechanism of action of spironolactone

A

Inhibit mineralocorticoid (aldosterone) receptor result in inhibition of Na/K-ATPase and ENaC synthesis

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5
Q

Diuretic used as prophylactic for mountain sickness and glaucoma

A

Acetazolamide

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6
Q

Osmotic diuretic

A

Mannitol

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7
Q

Admin of this drug will result in elevated serum potassium, by inhibiting tubular secretion of potassium

A

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

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8
Q

Loop diuretics include

A

Furosemide, bumetanide, forsemide, ethacrynic acid

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9
Q

Class of drugs that may cause cross sensitivity with thiazide diuretics

A

Sulfonamides

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10
Q

Diuretics work in congestive failure by

A

Reducing preload

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11
Q

Diuretic used as first line for treatment of HTN

A

Thiazides

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12
Q

Mechanism of action amiloride

A

Inhibit epithelial sodium channels in the distal convoluted tubules and collecting duct

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13
Q

Aminoglycosides used with loop diuretics potentiate this adverse effect

A

Ototoxicity

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14
Q

Orally bioavailable V2 selective receptor antagonist

A

Tolvaptan

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15
Q

Diuretic used in hypertensive patients with renal failure

A

Loop diuretics (furosemide, ethacrynic acid, butmetanide)

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16
Q

Adverse effects of mannitol (2)

A

Pulmonary edema, dehydration

17
Q

Side effects of loop diuretics (5)

A

Hyperuricemia, hypokalemia, allergy, metabolic alkalosis, and ototoxicity

18
Q

Mechanism of action of carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

A

CAI causes self limited NaHCO3 diuresis and decrease body HCO3- stores

19
Q

Antibacterial for optimal treatment of acute pyelonephritis

A

Fluoroquinolones

20
Q

Side effects of acetazolamide (6)

A

Metabolic acidosis, hypercholoremia, parasethesias, alkalization of the urine, hypokalemia, encephalopathy in patients with hepatic cirrhosis

21
Q

Potassium sparing diuretics

A

Spironolactone and eplerenone; triametereme, amiloride

22
Q

Administration of this drug will result in elevated serum creatinine without changing GFR

A

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

23
Q

Mechanism of action of thiazide diuretics

A

Inhibits Na+/Cl- contransport

24
Q

Agents used for SIADH

A

Tolvaptan and conivaptan

25
Q

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

A

Acetazolamide, dorzolamide

26
Q

Mechanism of action of mannitol

A

Cant be reabsorbed, increase tubular fluid osmolarity, increase urine flow, decrease intracranial/intraoclar pressure

27
Q

An early generation tetracycline that may be used for chronic SIADH

A

Demeclocycline

28
Q

Diuretic used to treat primary aldosteronism

A

Spironolactone, eplerenone

29
Q

Site of action of loop diuretics

A

Thick ascending limb

30
Q

Antidiuretic hormone analog used for Central diabetes insipidus, nocturnal enuresis, and von willebrand disease

A

Desmopressin

31
Q

Side effects of demeclocycline (2)

A

Photosensitivty, stunted bone growth and teeth discoloration for children under 8 years of age

32
Q

Antibacterial for optimal treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis

A

Nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, fosfomycin

33
Q

An electrolyte that is lost in urine by acute treatment with loop diuretics but can be retained by thiazides

A

Calcium

34
Q

Side effects of spironolactone (3)

A

Gynecomastia, hyperkalemia, impotence

35
Q

Side of action of thiazides

A

Early distal convoluted tumble

BOARDS specific notecards (42 decks)

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