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BOARDS specific notecards > pharm 1 liner- MSK > Flashcards

pharm 1 liner- MSK Flashcards

1
Q

first line drugs for acute gout

A

indomethacin, naproxen

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2
Q

agent used to treat chronic gout by increasing uric acid excretion through inhibition of URAT1 anion transporter

A

probenecid

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3
Q

side effects of penicillamine

A

hypersensitivity (rash), nephrotoxicity, myopathy, myelosuppresion

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4
Q

drug used to reverse the effects of rocuronium and vecuronium; acts be chelating free drug

A

suggamadex

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5
Q

prostaglandins that cause abortions

A

prostaglandin E1 (misoprostol) PGE2, and PGF2alpha

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6
Q

class of compounds which act as competitive inhibitors of Nm nicotinic receptors at motor endplates and whose effects can be reversed by cholinesterase inhibitors

A

non-depolarizing blockers

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7
Q

agents that inhibit xanthine oxidases and used to treat chronic gout

A

allopurinol and febuxostat

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8
Q

a mixture of 2 agents with one agent active for rheumatic disease and the other for inflammatory bowel disease

A

sulfasalazine

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9
Q

COX2 inhibitors may have reduced rusk of

A

gastric ulcers and GI bleeding

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10
Q

drug for treating malignant hyperthermia associated with drug-drug interaction between halogenated anesthetics and depolarizing blocker

A

dantrolene

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11
Q

mechanism of action of NSAIDS

A

inhibit cOX mediated generation of pro inflammatory eicosanoids

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12
Q

2 leukotrienes (LTD4) receptor antagonists useful for aspirin induced and exercise induced asthma

A

zafirlukast, montelukast

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13
Q

2 main actions of acetaminophen

A

antipyretic and analgesic activity

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14
Q

4 main actions of NSAIDS

A

anti-inflammatory, analgesia, antipyretic and anti platelet activity

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15
Q

mechanism of action of etanercept

A

soluble TNF decoy receptor

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16
Q

celecoxib does not impair platelet function because

A

platelets predominantly express COX1

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17
Q

2 life threatening side effects of succinylcholine

A

hyperkalemia, malignant hyperthermia

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18
Q

drug of choice for reversal of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockade

A

neostigmine

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19
Q

class of drugs that inhibit COX

A

NSAIDS

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20
Q

3 drug classes which strongly potentiate and prolong effect of neuromuscular blockers

A

inhalation anesthetics, ahminoglycosides, and tetracyclines

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21
Q

drug which inhibits RyR1 ryanadine receptor; used in the treatment of malignant hyperthermia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

dantrolene

22
Q

spasmolytic which acts as a GABAb agonist; can be admin oral, IV or intrathecally

A

baclofen

23
Q

COX2 inhibitors should be used cautiously in patients with

A

pre-existing cardiac or renal disease

24
Q

major side effect of sileuton that limits its use

A

liver toxicity

25
Q

NSAID used mostly for anesthesia and has limited duration (less than 5 days) due to nephrotoxicity

A

ketoralac

26
Q

anti-malarial drug used in rheumatoid arthritis

A

hydroxychloroquine

27
Q

difference between COX1 and COX2

A

COX1 is constitutive, COX2 is inducible during inflammation

28
Q

NSAID available orally, IM, IV, nasally, and ophtahlmically

A

ketoralac

29
Q

side effects of colchicine (4)

A

diarrhea, abdominal pain, liver toxicity, myelosuppression

30
Q

recombinant uricase that enhances uric acid metabolism and indicated for gout refractory to conventional therapy

A

pegloticase

31
Q

prostaglandin analog indicated for severe pulmonary arterial HTN

A

epoprostenol (PGI2)

32
Q

NSAID avoided in gout because low doses increases uric acid levels

A

aspirin

33
Q

disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDS) are slow acting drugs for this indication

A

rheumatic disease

34
Q

selective COX2 inhibitor

A

celecoxib

35
Q

non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker with long duration of action that can block muscarinic receptor in the heart

A

pancuronium

36
Q

2 drugs that bind and prevent action of TNF-alpha

A

infliximab and etanercept

37
Q

class of compounds which selectively act on Nm nicotinic receptors to produce muscle paralysis in order to facilitate surgery or artificial ventilation. full dose leads to respiratory paralysis and require mechanical ventilation

A

neuromuscular blocking drugs

38
Q

alternative to methotrexate as 1st line for rheumatoid arthritis through inhibition of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, which leads to decreased pyrimidine synthesis

A

leflunomide

39
Q

NSAID that may be used for closure of Patent ductus arteriosus

A

indomethacin

40
Q

an important adverse effect of TNF-alpha inhibitors

A

reactivation of latent TB

41
Q

dose limiting toxicity of methotrexate

A

myelosuppresion

42
Q

depolarizing blocker that causes muscle relaxation and paralysis and can cause postoperative muscle pain

A

succinylcholine

43
Q

2 major side effects of salicyclates

A

tinnitus, GI bleeding

44
Q

1st line for rheumatoid arthritis for most patients

A

low dose methotrexate

45
Q

side effect of acetaminophen

A

hepatotoxicity

46
Q

mechanism of action of colchicine

A

inhibits microtubule polyermization, impaired neutrophil chemotaxis, and degranulation

47
Q

side effect of hydroxychloroquine

A

retinopathy

48
Q

during phase 1 deploring block this class of agents enhance muscle paralysis, but during phase 2 block they may reverse muscle paralysis

A

cholinesterase inhibitors

49
Q

the reason why aspirin is contraindicated in children with viral infection

A

potential for development of reyes syndrome

50
Q

inhibitor of 5-lipooxygenase that blocks conversion of arachidonic acid to leukotrienes

A

zileuton

51
Q

2 non-depolarizing blockers that undergo hoffman elimination, which is useful for patients with renal and hepatic deficiency

A

atracurium, cisatracurium

52
Q

prostaglandin analog used as 2nd life for erectile dysfunction

A

alprostadil (PGE1)

BOARDS specific notecards (42 decks)

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