pharm 1 liner- blue high yield Flashcards
H1 antihistamine with 5HT2 antagonist activity that is mostly used for carcinoid tumor but may be used to treat serotonin syndrome
cyproheptadine
agent that is metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase or microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS) to acetaldehyde; displays zero order kinetics of elimination
ethanol
used for symptomatic treatment of thyrotoxicosis by blocking cardiac adverse effects
beta blockers such as propranolol and esmolol
side effect of menicillamine
hypersensitivity (rash), nephrotoxicity, myopathy, myelosuppresion
antidote for methotrexate toxicity
leucovorin
4 intermediate acting glucocorticoids
prednisone, prednisolone, methylprednisolone, trialcinolone
drug of choice indicated for familial or essential tremors
propranolol
a centrally acting anticholinergics useful for tremor and rigidity but have little effect on bradykinesia in patients with parkinson
benztropine
opioid receptor antagonist used to prevent alcohol abuse
naltrexone
dose-limiting toxicity of methotrexate
myelosuppresion
drug used concurrently with antineoplastics to reduce renal precipitation of urates
allopurinol
competes for alcohol dehydrogenase and is used in methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning
fomepizole, ethanol
gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist that can be used to inhibit luteinizing hormone secretion and testosterone production in men with advanced prostate cancer
leuprolide
selective estrogen receptor modulator most commonly used for treatment of breast cancer
tamoxifen
antidote for opioid toxicity
naloxone (IV)
opioid antagonist that is given orally
naltrexone
CNS stimulate that acts by inhibiting reuptake of neurotransmitters; may cause pupil dilation, alter tactile sensation, irregular breathing and cardiac toxicity
cocaine
drug for treating malignant hyperthermia associated with drug-drug interaction between halogenated anesthetics and depolarizing blocker
dantrolene
2 anthracyclines that chelate DNA, form free radicals, and cause dose-limiting cardiotoxicity
daunorubicin, doxorubicin
side effect of nitroprusside
cyanide poisoning
long-acting opioids used in the management of withdrawal states
methadone, buprenorphine
opioids used for long-term maintenance from opioid withdrawal
methadone, buprenorphine
opioid receptor antagonist that is used to treat opioid intoxication, may cause more rapid and intense symptoms of withdrawal
naloxone
agent that is used to bind acrolein and prevent drug-induced hemorrhagic cystitis
meson
irreversible, nonselective COX inhibitor that displays zero-order kinetics of elimination
aspirin
selective estrogen receptor modulator used for prevention of osteoporosis and invasive breast cancer
raloxifene
antidote for wilson’s disease (copper poisoning)
penicillamine
the only local anesthetic with vasoconstrictive property, but due to abuse potential, only occasionally used for nasal surgery
cocaine
treatment for drug-induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome
dantrolene
antidote for acetaminophen poisoning
N-acetylcysteine
iron chelator that is used to protect against anthracycline-induced cradiotoxicity
dexrazoxane
side effect of tissue plasminogen activators
cerebral hemorrhage
ergot type 2 dopamine receptor (D2) agonist, used as adjunct to improve motor function in parkinsons patients with fluctuations in clinical response
bromocriptine
vitamin K dependent anticoagulant with zero order kinetics of elimination
warfarin (PT)
recombinant human monoclonal antibody against human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) receptor; useful in breast cancer cells that overexposes HER2
trastuzumab
side effect of acetaminophen
hepatotoxicity
antidote used for warfarin toxicity
vitamin 1 and fresh frozen plasma
serious side effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors when used with other drugs such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, or tricyclic antidepressants
serotonin syndrome
serious side effect of cyclophosphamide and ifosamide due to generation of acrolein
hemorrhagic cystitis
ergot dopamine agonist used to suppress prolactin release
bromocriptine
antidote used for heparin toxicity
protamine sulfate
antidote for TCA (tricycle antidepressants)
sodium bicarbonate (alkalinize plasma)
antimuscarinic that treats parkinsonism and extrapyramidal disease
benztropine
antidote for cyanide poisoning
nitrites, thiosulfate, hydroxocobalamin
2 prodrugs, that after liver bioactivation, bind to N7 nitrogen of guanine and cross-link DNA
cyclophosphamide, ifosamide
rare, but fatal side effect associated with combination of halogenated inhalation anesthetic and depolarizing blocker
malignant hyperthermia
gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog used for infertility (pulsatile admin) or suppression of gonadotropin production (continuous administration)
leuprolide
opioid antagonist that is given IV
naloxone
three life-threatening side effects associated with tricyclic antidepressants
convulsions, cardiotoxicity, coma (3 Cs)
antidote for methanol and ethylene glycol toxicity
fomepizole, ethanol
antidote for benzodiazepine toxicity
flumazenil
anti epileptic agent that exhibits zero order kinetics,c causes fetal hydantoin syndrome, and induces CYP450
phenytoin
benzodiazepine antagonist used to treat benzodiazepine intoxication
fumazenil
side effect of both warfarin and heparin
bleeding
agent that inhibits xanthine oxidase and used to treat chronic gout
allopurinol, febuxostat
antineoplastic folic acid analog that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase
methotrexate
2 most commonly used glucocorticoids for cancer due to their lymphotoxin effects; may cause coshing-like symptoms
prednisone, prednisolone
constant amount of drug metabolized per unit time
zero order kinetics
antidote for tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), streptokinase
aminocaproic acid
