classic labs/finding Flashcards
increased AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum
dating error, anencephaly, spina bifida (open neural tube defects)
anticentromere antibodies
scleroderma (CREST)
anti-desmoglein (anti-desmosome) antibody
pemphigus vulgaris (blistering)
anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies
good pasture syndrome (glomerulonephritis and hemoptysis)
antihistone antibodies
drug induced SLE (hydrazine, isoniazid, phenytoin, procainamide)
anti-IgG antibodies
rheumatoid arthritis
antimitochondrial antibodies
primary biliary cirrhosis (female, cholestasis, portal HTN)
antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs)
microscopic polyangiitis and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis; glomerulomatis with polyangiitis; primary sclerosing cholangitis
antinuclear antibodies
SLE (T3 HS)
anti platelet antibodies
idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura
anti-topoisomerase antibodies
diffuse systemic scleroderma
anti-transglutaminase/anti-gliadin/anti-endomysial antibodies
celiac disease
apple core lesion on barium enema X-ray
colorectal cancer (usually left sided)
atypical lymphoctes
EBV
azurophilic peroxidase positive granular inclusions in granulocytes and myeloblasts
auer rods (AML, especially the promyelocytic M3 type)
bacitracin response
sensitive; S pyogenes (group A); resistant: S. agalactiae (group B)
bamboo spine on xray
ankylosing spondylitis
basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs
Howell-jolly bodies (due to splenectomy or nonfunctional spleen)
basophilic stippling of RBCs
lead poisoning or sideroblastic anemia
bloody or yellow tap on lumbar puncture
subarachnoid hemorrhage
boot shaped heart on X-ray
metrology of fallot
branching gram positive rods with sulfur granules
actinomyces israelii
bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging
pan coast tumor (can compress cervical sympathetic chain and cause horner syndrome)
brown tumor of bone
hyperparathyroidism or osteitis fibrosa cystic (deposited hemosiderin from hemorrhage gives brown color)
cardiomegaly with apical atrophy
Chagas disease (t. cruzi)
cellular crescents in bowman capsule
rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis
chocolate cyst of ovary
endometriosis
circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrils
homer wright rosettes (neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma)
colonies of mucoid pseudomas in lungs
cystic fibrosis
decreased AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum
down syndrome or other chromosomal abnormalities
degeneration of dorsal column fibers
tabes dorsalis, subacute combined degeneration
delta wave on EKG; short PR interval, supra ventricular tachycardia
wolfs-parkinson-white syndrome
depigmentation of neurons in substantial nigra
parkinson disease
desquamated epithelium casts in sputum
curschmann spirals (bronchial asthma; can result in whorled mucous plugs)
disarrayed granulosa cells arranged around collections of eosinophilic fluid
call-exner bodies (granulosa cell tumor of the ovary)
dysplastic squamous cervical cells with raisinoid nuclei and hyperchromoplasia
koilocytes (HPV)
electrical alternans
pericardiac tamponade
enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies
owl eye appearance of CMV
enlarged thyroid cells with ground glass nuclei with central clearing
orphan annie eyes (papillary carcinoma of the thyroid)
eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cell
mallory body (alcoholic liver disease)
eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in neuron
lewy body (parkinson disease and lewy body dementia)
eosinophilic globule in liver
councilman body (viral hepatitis, yellow fever), represents hepatocyte undergoing apoptosis
eosinophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of hippocampal and cerebellar neurons
nigiri bodies of rabies
extracellular amyloid deposition in gray matter of brain
senile plaques (alzheimer disease)