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BOARDS specific notecards > Pharm 1 Liner- all micro drugs > Flashcards

Pharm 1 Liner- all micro drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Cheap wide spectrum antibiotic drug of choice for otitis media

A

Amoxicillin

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2
Q

Drug of choice for herpes and its mechanism of action

A

Acyclovir; activated by viral thymidine kinase, inhibits viral DNA replication

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3
Q

Drug of choice for CMV treatment

A

Ganciclovir

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4
Q

Aminoglycosides less used due to its irreversible vestibular toxicity

A

Streptomycin

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5
Q

HIV medication used to reduce mother to child transmission during birth

A

Zidovudine, nevirapine

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6
Q

Antiviral associated with neutropenia

A

Ganciclovir, zidovudine, interferon

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7
Q

Drug of choice for legionnaires disease

A

Azithromycin and levofloxacin

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8
Q

Anti-retroviral class that causes drug interactions by causing inhibition of CYP enzymes

A

Protease inhibitors

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9
Q

Drug of choice for treatment of mild to moderate pseudomembraous colitis

A

Metronidazole

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10
Q

Drug of choice for N. gonorrhea

A

Ceftriaxone

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11
Q

Antiviral/anti-retrieval that are teratogens (2)

A

Efavirenz, ribavirin

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12
Q

Inhibits isoleucine tRNA and used topically for impetigo

A

Mupirocin

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13
Q

Mechanism of action of nystatin

A

Binds to ergosterol and creates a pore in fungal membrane

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14
Q

Adverse effect of ganciclovir

A

Myelosuppresion (nuetropenia)

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15
Q

Mechanism of action of fluoroquinolones

A

Inhibit DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) and topoisomerase IV

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16
Q

Neurotoxicity with isoniazid can be prevented by

A

Admin of vitamin B6

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17
Q

Mechanism of action of macrolides (erythromycin, clarithromycin)

A

Inhibit protein synthesis by binding to 23S rRNA of 50S ribosome subunit

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18
Q

Mechanism of action of penicillin

A

Block cell wall synthesis by inhibiting transpeptidase and block peptidoglycan cross linkage

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19
Q

2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors approved for both HIV and HBV infections

A

Tenofovir, lamivudine

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20
Q

Penicillins active against pseudomonas

A

Piperacillin and ticarcillin

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21
Q

Mechanism of action of vancomycin

A

Binds to D-Ala-D-Ala on murein monomers and prevent polymerization of the murein monomers

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22
Q

Drug notorious for causing pseudomembranous colitis

A

Clindamycin

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23
Q

Drug of choice for influenza A and B

A

Oseltamivir and zanamivir

24
Q

Mechanism of action of sulfonamides

A

Inhibit dihydropteroate synthase

25
Q

Beta lactam that can be used in penicillin-allergic patients

A

aztreonam

26
Q

Drug used for MRSA

A

Vancomycin

27
Q

Treatment of choice for leprosy

A

Dapsone and rifampicin

28
Q

Adverse effect of ketoconazole only in men

A

Gynecomastia

29
Q

Drug causes tooth discoloration

A

Tetracycline

30
Q

Drug of choice for RSV

A

Ribavirin

31
Q

Technique used to diagnose perinatal itching, and the drug used to treat infection associated with it

A

Scotch tape technique and mebendazole (albendazole)

32
Q

Drug used in exoerythrocytic cycle of malaria

A

Primaquine

33
Q

Meningitis prophylaxis in exposed patients

A

Rifampin

34
Q

Common adverse effect of rifampin

A

Orange urine discoloration

35
Q

First line for treatment of chronic HCV infections in genotype 1 patients

A

IFN plus ribavirin plus protease inhibitor (-previr)

36
Q

Antibacterial that cause hemolysis in G6Pd deficient patients

A

Sulfonamides

37
Q

Antibiotic causing red nan syndrome

A

Vancomycin

38
Q

Penicillins activate against penicillinase secreting bacteria (4)

A

Methicillin, nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin

39
Q

Mechanism of action of tetracycline

A

Decreases protein synthesis by binding to 30s ribosome and prevent binding of tRNA

40
Q

Drug that causes gray baby syndrome and aplastic anemia

A

Chloramphenicol

41
Q

Anti-retroviral class that causes drug interactions by causing induction of CYP enzymes

A

Non-nucleoside/tide reverse transcriptase inhibitors

42
Q

Anti-retroviral with a dose limiting toxicity of pancreaatitis and peripheral neuropathy

A

Didanosine

43
Q

Drug of choice for treatment of serious pseudomembraous colitis

A

Oral vancomycin

44
Q

Drug of choice for giardia, entamoeba, pseudomembranous colitis, and trichomonas

A

Metronidazole

45
Q

2 toxicities of aminoglycosides

A

Nephro and ototoxicity

46
Q

Toxicity of amphotericin B

A

Nephrotoxicity

47
Q

Anemia caused by trimethoprim

A

Megaloblastic anemia

48
Q

Adverse effects of isoniazid (3)

A

SLE-like erythematosus, peripheral neuritis, hepatitis

49
Q

Three anti-retroviral agents associated with fatal Stevens Johnson syndrome

A

Nevirapine, efavirenz, etravirine

50
Q

Reason fluoroquinolones are contraindicated in children and pregnancy

A

Cartilage damage

51
Q

Adverse ffect of metronidazole when given with alcohol

A

Disulfiram-like reaction

52
Q

Adverse effect of imipenem

A

Seizures

53
Q

Class of antibiotics that have 10% cross sensitivity with penicillins

A

Cephalosporins

54
Q

Quadruple therapy for treatment of TB

A

Rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol

55
Q

First line for treatment of HBV infections

A

IFN and NRTI

BOARDS specific notecards (42 decks)

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