Pelvic Neurovascular Flashcards
Pelvic arteries
* Abdominal arteries: (3)
- Gonadal a.
- Median sacral artery
- Superior rectal artery
(IMA)
- Gonadal a.
- Ovarian a. – internal =
- Testicular a. - external =
- Ovarian a. – internal
- Testicular a. - external
What are the pelvic arteries? (4)
- Internal iliac artery
- Middle rectal a.
- Inferior gluteal a.
- Internal pudendal a.
Pelvic arteries
Anterior…(2)
Umbilical artery :
- Superior vesical a.
- Medial umbilical lig.
Pelvic arteries
Anterior…
* Obturator a. (branch) :
- Pubic branch
Pelvic arteries
* Internal iliac artery
* Anterior
- Inferior vesical a. (MALES) : (2)
- Artery to ductus deferens
- Prostatic branches
Pelvic arteries
* Internal iliac artery
* Anterior
FEMALES: (2)
- Uterine a.
- Vaginal a.
Pelvic arteries
* Internal iliac artery
* Posterior: (3)
- Iliolumbar artery
- Lateral sacral artery
- Superior gluteal artery
Pelvic veins
* Rectal venous plexus –
superior, middle and
inferior rectal veins.
Pelvic veins
* Prostatic venous plexus –
drains to vesical plexus
Pelvic veins
* Vesical venous plexus –
inferior vesical vein
Pelvic veins
* Vaginal venous plexus –
uterovaginal plexus
Pelvic veins
* Uterine venous plexus –
uterine vein
Lymphatic drainage: Pelvis
* External iliac nodes
* Afferent:
pelvic viscera and inguinal nodes
Lymphatic drainage: Pelvis
* Internal iliac nodes
* Afferent:
inferior pelvic viscera, deep perineum, gluteal
Lymphatic drainage: Pelvis
* Sacral lymph nodes
* Afferent:
inferior pelvic
viscera, deep perineum,
gluteal
Lymphatic drainage: Pelvis
* Sacral lymph nodes
* Efferent:
common iliac nodes
Lymphatic drainage: Pelvis
* Common iliac nodes
* Efferent:
lumbar nodes
Lymphatic drainage: BLADDER
* External iliac nodes
* Afferent:
superolateral aspects of bladder; ureter
Lymphatic drainage: BLADDER
* External iliac nodes
* Efferent:
common iliac nodes
Lymphatic drainage: BLADDER
* Internal iliac nodes
* Afferent:
fundus and neck of bladder
Lymphatic drainage: BLADDER
* Internal iliac nodes
* Efferent:
common iliac nodes
Lymphatic drainage: BLADDER
* Common iliac nodes
* Afferent:
neck of bladder (some)
Lymphatic drainage: BLADDER
* Common iliac nodes
* Efferent:
lumbar nodes
Lymphatic drainage:
Male intrapelvic organs
* Internal iliac nodes
* Afferents:
majority of prostate,
proximal urethra, inferior part of seminal glands
Lymphatic drainage:
Male intrapelvic organs
* Internal iliac nodes
* Efferents:
common iliac nodes →
lumbar
Lymphatic drainage:
Male intrapelvic organs
Sacral nodes
* Afferents:
some of prostate
Lymphatic drainage:
Male intrapelvic organs
Sacral nodes
* Efferents:
internal iliac nodes
Lymphatic drainage:
Male intrapelvic organs
* External iliac nodes
* Afferents:
proximal urethra (some),
ductus deferens, ejaculatory ducts, superior part of seminal glands
Lymphatic drainage:
Male intrapelvic organs
* External iliac nodes
* Efferent:
common iliac nodes →
lumbar
Lymphatic drainage:
Male intrapelvic organs
* Deep inguinal nodes
* Afferents:
distal urethra
Lymphatic drainage:
Male intrapelvic organs
* Deep inguinal nodes
* Efferent:
external iliac nodes
Lymphatic drainage:
Female intrapelvic organs
Internal iliac nodes
* Afferents:
cervix of uterus, sup. & mid parts of vagina, proximal urethra
Lymphatic drainage:
Female intrapelvic organs
Internal iliac nodes
* Efferent:
common iliac nodes → lumbar
Lymphatic drainage:
Female intrapelvic organs
Sacral nodes
* Afferents:
cervix of uterus, inferior part of vagina
Lymphatic drainage:
Female intrapelvic organs
Sacral nodes
* Efferent:
internal iliac nodes
Lymphatic drainage:
Female intrapelvic organs
External iliac nodes
* Afferents:
body & cervix of uterus, superior part of vagina
Lymphatic drainage:
Female intrapelvic organs
External iliac nodes
* Efferent:
common iliac nodes → lumbar
Lymphatic drainage:
Female intrapelvic organs
Superficial inguinal nodes
* Afferents:
external orifice of vagina, fundus (uterus)
Lymphatic drainage:
Female intrapelvic organs
Superficial inguinal nodes
* Efferent:
external iliac nodes or deep inguinal nodes
Lymphatic drainage:
Female intrapelvic organs
Lumbar nodes
* Afferents:
ovaries & uterine tubes, fundus of uterus
Lymphatic drainage:
Female intrapelvic organs
Lumbar nodes
* Efferent:
cisterna chyli
Lymphatic drainage: Rectum
* Pararectal nodes
Location:
- Directly on muscle layer of
rectum
Lymphatic drainage: Rectum
* Pararectal nodes
Afferent:
superior ½ of rectum
Lymphatic drainage: Rectum
* Pararectal nodes
Efferent:
inf. mesenteric nodes (via sacral nodes or direct)
Lymphatic drainage: Rectum
- Sacral nodes
- Afferent:
inferior ½ of rectum
Lymphatic drainage: Rectum
- Sacral nodes
- Efferent:
internal iliac nodes (some vessels may drain directly into internal iliac nodes)
Innervation
Autonomic -
* Sacral sympathetic trunks:
- Sympathetic innervation to
the lower limbs
Innervation
Autonomic -
* Peri-arterial plexuses:
- Sympathetic, vasomotor
fibres to superior rectal,
ovarian, internal iliac aa.
Innervation
Autonomic -
* Pelvic splanchnic nerves:
- Parasympathetic innervation of pelvic viscera
Innervation
Autonomic -
* Hypogastric plexuses:
- Most important route by
which sympathetic fibres are
conveyed to the pelvic viscera
Innervation:
* ______ plexus
Sacral
- Pudendal nerve
Origin:
Structures:
- Ant. rami of spinal nerves S2-S4
- Structures: perineum, sensory to genitalia, perineal muscles, external urethra & anal sphincter
- Sciatic nerve
Origin:
Structures:
- Ant. rami of spinal nerves L4-S3
- Hip joint, flexors of knee in thigh & all muscles in leg and foot
- Superior gluteal nerve
Origin:
Structures:
- Ant. rami of spinal nerves L4-S1
- Gluteus medius & minimus
muscles
- Inferior gluteal nerve
Origin:
Structures:
- Ant. rami of spinal nerves L5-S2
- Gluteus maximus muscle
- Coccygeal plexus
Origin:
Supplies:
- Ant. rami: S4-S5; coccygeal
nerves - Supplies coccygeus muscle
- Somatic nerves:
- Nerve to _____ ______ (L5,S1-S2)
- Nerve to _______ (S1-S2)
- Nerve to _____ ____ &
coccygeus (S3-S4)
- obturator internus
- piriformis
- levator ani