Female + Ischio-anal Fossa

Question 1

External female genitalia
* Mons pubis:

Answer 1

• Fat-filled cushion, across pubic symphysis

Question 2

External female genitalia
* Labia majora: (3)

Answer 2

• 2 skin folds lateral to labia minora
• Round ligament of uterus terminates
• Perineal body posteriorly

Question 3

External female genitalia
* Labia minora: (3)

Answer 3

• 2 smaller skin folds medial to labia majora
• Enclose: vestibule
• Forms frenulum and prepuce of clitoris

Question 3

External female genitalia
* Clitoris: (3)

Answer 3

• Homologue of the penis; No urethra and corpus spongiosum
• Has erectile tissue (Corpus cavernosum)
• Root, body and glans

Question 4

External female genitalia
* Vestibule: (5)

Answer 4

• Area between labia minora
• External urethral opening
• Vaginal orifice
• Bulb of vestibule – erectile tissue on both sides of vestibule
• Vestibular glands

Question 5

Neurovascular supply - female genitalia
* Arterial supply
* External & internal pudendal arteries:
- Internal pudendal =
- Branches =

Answer 5

• Internal pudendal: skin, external genitalia & perineal muscles
• Branches: labia & clitoris

Question 6

Neurovascular supply - female genitalia
Venous drainage
- Labial veins =

Answer 6

• Labial veins: internal pudendal veins

Question 7

Neurovascular supply - female genitalia
* Ant:
* Post:

Answer 7

1. Ant: mons pubis, ant. labia – lumbar plexus
   * Anterior labial nerves (ilio-inguinal & genitofemoral)
2. Post: sacral plexus
   * Perineal branch of post. cutaneous nerve of thigh & pudendal nerve (posterior labial nerves)

Question 8

Neurovascular supply - female genitalia
* ______ nerve of the clitoris
* Parasympathetic innervation

Answer 8

Dorsal

Question 9

Anal triangle
* Contains: (3)

Answer 9

• Anal canal
• Ischio-anal fossae
• Fat, pudendal canal and contents

Question 10

• Anal canal
• Attach (post) to…

Answer 10

• Attach (post) to coccyx by anococcygeal ligament & perineal body (ant)

Question 11

Anal triangle
* Ischio-anal fossae
- 2 ischio-anal fossae:

Answer 11

• Split – anal canal

Question 12

Ischio-anal fossae
* Apex:

Answer 12

• Obturator fascia and levator ani

Question 13

Ischio-anal fossae
* Lateral:

Answer 13

• Obturator internus & fascia, ischium (ischial tuberosity)

Question 14

Ischio-anal fossae
* Medial:

Answer 14

• External anal sphincter & levator ani

Question 15

Ischio-anal fossae
* Posterior:

Answer 15

• Sacrotuberous ligament and gluteus max

Question 16

Ischio-anal fossae
* Inferior:

Answer 16

• Skin & subcutaneous tissue of gluteal region

Question 17

Ischio-anal fossae
* Anterior:

Answer 17

• Pubic bones

Question 18

Ischio-anal fossae
* Anterior:
- Continuous:

Answer 18

…urogenital recesses, superior to deep perineal pouch
* Anterior recesses of ischio-anal fossa

Question 19

Pudendal Canal
* Formed:

Answer 19

Fascia of obturator internus
* Inferomedial aspect of inf. ramus of ischium

Question 20

Pudendal Canal
* Lateral wall:

Answer 20

ischio-anal foss

Question 21

Pudendal Canal: (4)

Answer 21

• Internal pudendal artery
• Internal pudendal vein
• Pudendal nerve (branches)
• Nerve to obturator internus

Question 21

Pudendal Canal
* Neurovascular bundle:

Answer 21

• Terminal branches in ischio-anal fossa

Question 22

Pudendal Canal
* Exit pelvis –

Answer 22

• Exit pelvis – greater sciatic foramen

Question 22

Pudendal Canal
* Run:

Answer 22

• Run: post. across ischial spine
• Btw sacrotuberous & sacrospinous

Question 23

Pudendal Canal
* Turn medially –

Answer 23

lesser sciatic foramen

Question 23

Pudendal Canal
* Run: antero-inferior to med. aspect of inf. ____ of _____
* Enter pudendal canal (in ischio-anal fossa

Answer 23

ramus of ischium

Question 24

What are the branches of the pudendal nerve? (3)

Answer 24

• Inferior rectal nerve
• Perineal nerve
• Dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris

Question 25

What are the branches of the Internal pudendal artery? (3)

Answer 25

• Inferior rectal artery
• Deep artery of the penis/clitoris
• Dorsal artery of penis/clitoris