Female + Ischio-anal Fossa Flashcards
External female genitalia
* Mons pubis:
- Fat-filled cushion, across pubic symphysis
External female genitalia
* Labia majora: (3)
- 2 skin folds lateral to labia minora
- Round ligament of uterus terminates
- Perineal body posteriorly
External female genitalia
* Labia minora: (3)
- 2 smaller skin folds medial to labia majora
- Enclose: vestibule
- Forms frenulum and prepuce of clitoris
External female genitalia
* Clitoris: (3)
- Homologue of the penis; No urethra and corpus spongiosum
- Has erectile tissue (Corpus cavernosum)
- Root, body and glans
External female genitalia
* Vestibule: (5)
- Area between labia minora
- External urethral opening
- Vaginal orifice
- Bulb of vestibule – erectile tissue on both sides of vestibule
- Vestibular glands
Neurovascular supply - female genitalia
* Arterial supply
* External & internal pudendal arteries:
- Internal pudendal =
- Branches =
- Internal pudendal: skin, external genitalia & perineal muscles
- Branches: labia & clitoris
Neurovascular supply - female genitalia
Venous drainage
- Labial veins =
- Labial veins: internal pudendal veins
Neurovascular supply - female genitalia
* Ant:
* Post:
- Ant: mons pubis, ant. labia – lumbar plexus
* Anterior labial nerves (ilio-inguinal & genitofemoral) - Post: sacral plexus
* Perineal branch of post. cutaneous nerve of thigh & pudendal nerve (posterior labial nerves)
Neurovascular supply - female genitalia
* ______ nerve of the clitoris
* Parasympathetic innervation
Dorsal
Anal triangle
* Contains: (3)
- Anal canal
- Ischio-anal fossae
- Fat, pudendal canal and contents
- Anal canal
- Attach (post) to…
- Attach (post) to coccyx by anococcygeal ligament & perineal body (ant)
Anal triangle
* Ischio-anal fossae
- 2 ischio-anal fossae:
- Split – anal canal
Ischio-anal fossae
* Apex:
- Obturator fascia and levator ani
Ischio-anal fossae
* Lateral:
- Obturator internus & fascia, ischium (ischial tuberosity)
Ischio-anal fossae
* Medial:
- External anal sphincter & levator ani
Ischio-anal fossae
* Posterior:
- Sacrotuberous ligament and gluteus max
Ischio-anal fossae
* Inferior:
- Skin & subcutaneous tissue of gluteal region
Ischio-anal fossae
* Anterior:
- Pubic bones
Ischio-anal fossae
* Anterior:
- Continuous:
…urogenital recesses, superior to deep perineal pouch
* Anterior recesses of ischio-anal fossa
Pudendal Canal
* Formed:
Fascia of obturator internus
* Inferomedial aspect of inf. ramus of ischium
Pudendal Canal
* Lateral wall:
ischio-anal foss
Pudendal Canal: (4)
- Internal pudendal artery
- Internal pudendal vein
- Pudendal nerve (branches)
- Nerve to obturator internus
Pudendal Canal
* Neurovascular bundle:
- Terminal branches in ischio-anal fossa
Pudendal Canal
* Exit pelvis –
- Exit pelvis – greater sciatic foramen
Pudendal Canal
* Run:
- Run: post. across ischial spine
- Btw sacrotuberous & sacrospinous
Pudendal Canal
* Turn medially –
lesser sciatic foramen
Pudendal Canal
* Run: antero-inferior to med. aspect of inf. ____ of _____
* Enter pudendal canal (in ischio-anal fossa
ramus of ischium
What are the branches of the pudendal nerve? (3)
- Inferior rectal nerve
- Perineal nerve
- Dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris
What are the branches of the Internal pudendal artery? (3)
- Inferior rectal artery
- Deep artery of the penis/clitoris
- Dorsal artery of penis/clitoris
