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MBBCh 2- ANAT2020A > Face and Scalp > Flashcards

Face and Scalp Flashcards

1
Q

Extent:

o Anteriorly-
o Posteriorly-
o Laterally-

A

o Anteriorly- superciliary arches
o Posteriorly- external occipital protuberance and superior nuchal line
o Laterally- continues inferiorly to zygomatic arch

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2
Q

Layers of the scalp: (5)

A
  1. Skin
  2. Connective tissue (dense)
  3. Aponeurosis
  4. Loose connective tissue
  5. Pericranium
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3
Q

What are the features of the skin of the scalp? (3)

A

o Thin, except in occipital region
o Contains sweat and sebaceous glands and hair follicles
o Abundant blood supply and lymph drainage

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4
Q

What are the features of the connective tissue (dense) of the scalp? (2)

A

o Thick, dense richly vascularised subcutaneous layer
o Well innervated

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5
Q

What are the features of the Aponeurosis of the scalp? (2)

A

o Broad, strong, tendinous sheet covering the calvaria (top of the skull)
o Attachment for occipitofrontalis, temporoparietalis and superior auricular muscles

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6
Q

What are the features of the Loose connective tissue of the scalp? (2)

A

o Sponge-like layer with potential spaces
o Allows for movement of the scalp proper (first 3 layers)

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7
Q

What are the features of the Pericranium of the scalp?

A

o Dense connective tissue forming external periosteum of neurocranium

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8
Q

Blood supply to scalp: (2)
o Terminal branches of ophthalmic artery from internal carotid artery

A
  • Supratrochlear a.
  • Supraorbital a.
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9
Q

Blood supply to scalp: (3)
o Branches of external carotid artery

A
  • Occipital a.
  • Posterior auricular a.
  • Superficial temporal a.
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10
Q

Scalp innervation:
o Trigeminal nerve (all 3 branches)
o Spinal nerves: (3)

A
  • Greater occipital nerve (posterior ramus of C2)
  • Lesser occipital nerve (anterior rami of C2&C3)
  • Great auricular nerve (anterior rami of C2&C3)

Anterior rami of C2&C3 from cervical plexus

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11
Q

Face

Cutaneous (sensory) innervation of the face

CNV1: (5)

A
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12
Q

Face

Cutaneous (sensory) innervation of the face

CNV2: (2)

A
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13
Q

Face

Cutaneous (sensory) innervation of the face

CNV3: (3)

A
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14
Q

What are the nerves of the posterior rami? (4)

A
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15
Q

Forehead:
Muscle

A

Occipitofrontalis

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16
Q

Forehead
Innervation: (2)

A

Front belly- temporal branch
Occipital belly- posterior auricular nerve

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17
Q

Forehead
Other:

A

Occipital belly retracts scalp to increase effect of
frontal belly

18
Q

Eye
Corrugator supercilii
Innervation:

A

Temporal branch

19
Q

Eye
Orbicularis oculi
Innervation: (2)

A

Palpebral part- temporal branch
Orbital part- zygomatic branch

20
Q

Eye
Orbicularis oculi
Other: (2)

A

Palpebral part- closes eyes gently
Orbital part- closes eyes tightly

21
Q

Nose
Muscles: (3)

A

Procerus
Nasalis
Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

22
Q

Nose
Innervation:

A

Buccal branch

23
Q

Nose
Nasalis
Other features: (2)

A

Transverse part- wrinkles skin over dorsum of nose

Alar part- flares nostrils

24
Q

Mouth:
Muscle: (9)

A
25
Q

Mouth:

  1. Orbicularis oris
  2. Levator labii superioris
  3. Zygomaticus minor
  4. Zygomaticus major
  5. Buccinator
  6. Levator anguli oris
  7. Risorius

Innervation:

A

Buccal branch

26
Q

Mouth:

  1. Depressor anguli oris
  2. Depressor labii inferioris
    Mentalis

Innervation:

A

Marginal mandibular branch

27
Q

Mouth:
Platysma

Innervation:

A

Cervical branches

28
Q

What is the Modiolus?

A

Modiolus- common insertion on the corners of the
mouth

29
Q
  • All muscles innervated by terminal branches of fascial nerve (CN VII) from ____ _______
  • Most originate from the skull surface and insert into the _______ of the skin
  • Originate embryologically from ____ ________ arch
A

parotid plexus
dermis
2nd pharyngeal

30
Q

Main action of facial muscles:

A
31
Q

Motor innervation of the face:

A
32
Q

Blood supply to the face
* Facial artery (facial branches): (4)

A

o 4th branch of external carotid
o Ascends deep to submandibular gland
o Winds around inferior border of mandible and
enters face
o Has 4 facial branches

33
Q
  1. Inferior labial
A

Arises near angle of mouth and runs medially
in lower lip

34
Q
  1. Superior labial
A

Arises near angle of mouth and runs medially
in upper lip

35
Q
  1. Lateral nasal
A

Arises as facial artery ascends up the nose and passes to ala of nose

36
Q
  1. Angular
A

Terminal branch- passes to medial angle of eye

37
Q

Lymph drainage of the face and scalp:
* Lymph from the lateral part of the face and scalp and eyelids drains….

A

to the superficial parotid lymph nodes

38
Q

Lymph drainage of the face and scalp:
Lymph from the deep parotid nodes drains to…

A

to the deep cervical lymph nodes

39
Q

Lymph drainage of the face and scalp:
Lymph from the upper lip and lateral parts of the lower lip drains to…

A

to the submandibular lymph nodes.

40
Q

Lymph drainage of the face and scalp:
Lymph from the chin and central part of the lower lip drains to…

A

to the submental lymph nodes.

MBBCh 2- ANAT2020A (60 decks)

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