Attention-Deficit Hypersensitivity Disorder - most common neurobehavioral disorder - Behavioral Therapy - core symptom: Inattention - Hyperactivity - Impulsivity

Pediatric Dentistry Flashcards by Dexter Flores

Ideal stage for 1st dental appointment

infancy
- parents dependent
- related to tongue tie, breastfeeding
- 0-1yr

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Brief attention span
Autism becomes obvious, ADHD, mental retardation.

1-3
Toddler stage

Consistency of rules: Control over decision; Choices are both acceptable.

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the belief that inanimate objects are capable of actions and have lifelike qualities.

Animism
- 2-4 yrs old
- demonstrate tell-show-do
- demonstrate to a doll
- learn living from non-living things

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Bonding w/ sibling becomes stronger, child passion runs high, separation anxiety

Pre-school stage
- 3-6yrs old

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eruption of 1st mandibular molar

6yrs old

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age where lower primary central incisor starts to exfoliate

5 yrs old

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Eruption of lower permanent mandibular central incisor

Labially or Lingually?

Lingually

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Mixed dentition stage, sense of purpose/independence > Goals.
Peer influence
Teacher is the 1st significant authority outside home

School age
- 6-12 yrs old
- Ugly duckling space, flaring of central incisor and diastema.

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sign of puberty in males

Testicular Enlargement

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sign of puberty in females

Thelarche / Breast buds
- 9yrs old

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Female 1st menstration is called?

Menarche

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stage is where mostly, communication w/ parents is low abstract reasoning and scientific analysis

Adolescence
- 12-19yrs old

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Highest form of play

Cooperative play
(Boards!)

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Abnormal brain development from early infancy. Repetitive behavior, social deficit, language impairment triad.

Autism

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ADHD meaning

Attention-Deficit Hypersensitivity Disorder

most common neurobehavioral disorder
Behavioral Therapy
core symptom: Inattention - Hyperactivity - Impulsivity

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Delayed achievement of developmental milestones

Mental Retardation

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IQ 60

Mild Classification

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parents assist the child in aid of brushing until the age of?

9 yrs old

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most common perinatal disorder.

Cerebral Palsy
- posture and movement non-progressive disorder

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most common type of cerebral palsy

Spastic
- tightness, rigid or stiff muscles, contractures and lack of control
- hypertonia

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damaged portion of brain in cerebral palsy

Motor cortex

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Ataxic - tremors or uncoordinated voluntary movement, affected what part of brain?

Cerebellum

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Hypotonia type of cerebral palsy

Dyskinetic

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Cognitive theory by

Jean Piaget

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Psychosexual theory by

Sigmund Freud

Psychosocial Theory

Erick Erickson

Knee to knee position

<2yrs old - lacks cooperative ability

Tell show do technique

2 y/o - most common technique used.

a child who misbehaves on 1st dental appointment

- Innocent victim of circumstances - Dentist as symbol of displeasure

loss of internal control

Temper tantrum (uncontrolled)

solution for temper tantrum

IGNORE

complaining without tears

Whining

most ideal frankl behavior "Good rapport"

Frankl 4 - completely cooperative

Completely uncooperative frankl behaviour

Frankl 1 - Definitely negative

Appropriately timed feedback

Positive Reinforcement

Use of age-appropriate words

Tell-show-do - children orientation of the procedures - Bedrock strategy which all of pedo dental behavior managements rests

The tooth statue

Model of tooth structure that is made of plaster

Negative Stimulus Incorporation

Conditioning Aversive

highest form of aversive conditioning

Initiate Voice control

to establish a good rapport you must:

eye to eye contact (sit)

how to check for the effectivity of IAN block

Lateral Incisor gingiva tip of explorer

most ideal topical anesthesia

Benzocaine - dries the mucosa easily

Can retain lipophilic medications for longer time

Obese

Classification of drug acceptable to be administered at home before the procedure

Minor Tranquilizers (boards)

Most commonly used oral sedation drug in dentistry

Midazolam - in the form of syrup of tablets

Chloral hydrate responsible for CNS effect

Trichloroethanol

most common inhalational sedation

Nitrous Oxide

Most common complaint of Nitrous oxide

Nausea

dose calculations weight (pounds) x adult dose = Infant dose

Clark's rule

Age (year) x adult dose = child dose

Young's rule / cowlings rules

surface are x adult dose = child dose

Body surface

Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis by interfering with cyclooxygenase enzyme

Analgesics

Analgesics for tooth ache

Celecoxib (boards) Paracetamol - Mild Pain Ibuprofen - Mild to moderate pain (X px with kidney disease) Diclofenac - Moderate Pain Naproxen Sodium Escalan.

antibiotic for Acute infection, acute abscess

Amoxicillin - allergy in amoxicillin: Clindamycin (Chronic Infection), Metronidazole, Co-amoxiclav.

most common caries susceptibility

occlusal surfaces of 2nd primary molars.

white spot lesion is reversible by

Fluoride application

how to check for incipient lesion?

Prolonged air water syringe - ICDAS; 2

discoloration of lesion extended to dentin

Yellow-Brown discoloration - ICDAS; 3 - pain elicited by cold - not reversible by fluoride application

discoloration caused by high intake of iron

Iron staining

treatment of nursing bottle caries

1. Topical Fluoride Application 2. Monthly interval of caries activity test 3. After every 3 months of recall

the completion of the primary dentition is

3yrs old

Caries preventive method, caries risk basis.

Pit and fissure sealant - 3-4y/o; all primary molars are preferred - 6-7y/o; 1st permanent molars are preferred - 11-13 y/o; all 2nd and 1st permanent molars and premolars are preferred.

Restorative treatment Depth: 1.5mm from the occlusal surface or 0.5mm from dentin Class?

Class 1

treatment for very small incipient lesion @interproximal?

Fluoride treatment, 3 months recall, bitewing xray.

Class 3 amalgam restoration is located at the proximal box on ____ of canine, Converge of labial and lingual walls.

Distal

finishing line of stainless steel crown?

Feather edge

zirconia crowns for kids is only used after

Pulp therapy

Pulpal treatment is contraindicated on patient with

blood disorders, cancer, kidney failures. TX: extraction

INDIRECT PULP CAPPING IS CONTRAINDICATED ON

PRIMARY TOOTH ( CALCIUM HYDROXIDE - XXX ) it will cause internal resorption

Entire roof of the pulp chamber is removed

Pulpotomy

Pulpotomy in pedo is called?

Formocresol Pulpotomy

treatment for pulp exposure w/ inflammation or infection is confined to coronal pulp

Pulpotomy