Oral Anatomy (FOCUS) Flashcards
1
Q
Fertilization happens in?
A
Ampulla of the fallopian tube
- Longest part of the fallopian tube.
- Ovum stage: starts with fertilization.
- Fertilization: egg cell sperm cell meets.
2
Q
Cell division
A
Mitosis
3
Q
Serves as the liver and kidney of baby in womb
A
Placenta
4
Q
Implantation begins
A
3rd-7th day
5
Q
Implantation happens in?
A
Uterus
6
Q
common site of ectopic pregnancy
A
Ampulla of the fallopian tube
7
Q
development of bilaminar disc happens on
A
2nd week
8
Q
Bilaminar disc @DORSAL area becomes NEURAL PLATE then becomes
PNS or CNS?
A
Peripheral Nervous System
@LATERAL area, NEURAL TUBE becomes: CNS
9
Q
CNS contains
A
Brain and spinal Cord.
10
Q
Neural tube defects would have
A
Brain: Anencephaly
Spinal Cord: Spina bifida
11
Q
Embryonic stage is up until?
A
14th day - 56th day
(2nd week - 8th weeks)
12
Q
the process which Bilaminar disc converts to trilaminar disc is called?
A
Gastrulation
13
Q
Trilaminar disc contains?
A
Ectoderm, Mesoderm, Endoderm
14
Q
Muscles and bone came from what trilaminar disc?
A
Mesoderm
- dermis, dentin, circulatory sys, kidney, internal sex organ.
Endoderm: Internal organs.
Ectoderm: Outer layer of body - epidermis, enamel organ, CNS - PNS
15
Q
Formation of organs is called
A
Organogenesis
- starts from Embryonic stage
- 4th - 8th week.
16
Q
earliest week of Heart beat
A
4th week
17
Q
bone ossification happens on __ week
A
8th week
Buto - Buto
18
Q
barr body is commonly seen in
Male or Female?
A
Female
19
Q
MALE XXY Chromosome
A
Klinefelter’s syndrome
- xxy = barr body
- testicular atrophy
20
Q
Age of viability - Ability of fetus to leave outside of uterus develops on
A
24th week / 6 month
- incubators
21
Q
Lidocaine is category _ for pregnant, safe. Paracetamol is safe.
2nd trimester safe.
A
B
22
Q
hormone of female
A
Estrogen
23
Q
Hormone of PREGNANCY
A
Progesterone
24
Q
Detects in pregnancy test
A
HCG “Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin”
- early as 10 days
25
produced in yolk sac as early as 1st 6 weeks
Alpha-fetoprotein
Increase = NT defect
Non reactive non stress test is not good
26
generalized edema is callaed
Anasarca
27
Category for Dangerous meds for pregnancy
Category X
28
Taxoplasma gondi causes
Toxoplasmosis
- cat feces
- Chorioretinitis (baby)
- Intercranial Calcification
- HydroCephalus
29
Rubella is also called
German Measles
in Pregnancy causes
- CONGENITAL RUBELLA SYNDROME
: Deafness, Cataract, Heart defect
Other effects of rubella: Hypoplasia, hypocalcification, Cleft.
30
Cytomegalovirus / Herpes simplex number?
5
Pregnancy
- Jaundice
- Petechaie: pin-point skin discoloration.
Enlargement of:
- Liver (hepatomegaly) Major organ for clot formation, hemostasis, major problem complication: bleeding
- Spleen (Splenomegaly) Graveyard of RBC; most abundant blood cell in the body 4-6million; 120 days replenish.
31
HSV:
1 - Oral Ulcer - Cold sore in children is called?
2 - Anogenital
Herpetic gingivostomatitis ( <10y/o)
32
Recurrent herpetic ulcer is common in
Non Kera or Keratinized mucosa?
Keratinized mucosa
33
Sutton's disease is a form of
Canker sore / Major type of RAU
34
1st stage of syphilis
Chancre
- Painless ulcer
Canker sore
- Painful ulcer
35
Syphillis is caused by MO called
Treponema Pallidum
1st stage: Chancre
Buntis: Hutchinson's Triad; Keratitis, lack of hearing, mulberry molars "Moons molars" , Notch incisors "Hutchinson's Teeth"
DOC: Penicillin; Darkfield microscope
36
Maldevelopment of Branchial Pouches 3 & 4
3: Inf Parathyroid Gland, Thymus Gland
4: Sup. Parathyroid gland
Di-George Syndrome
37
Branchial Cleft 2, 3, 4 didn't Fuse/close =
Branchial Cleft Cyst
38
Stylopharyngeus muscle is innervated by CN?
IX (Glossopharyngeal)
Branchial Arch: 3
39
Largest Laryngeal Cartilage
Thyroid Cartilage
40
Thyroid cartilage what branchial arch?
4
- only laryngeal cartilage in branchial arch 4
41
All laryngeal muscles came from branchial arch 6 except?
Cricothyroid
42
All muscles in larynx/laryngeal muscles, is innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve, except?
Cricothyroid
43
Cricothyroid is innervated by
Superior Laryngeal Nerve.
44
Primitive oral cavity
Stomodeum
- 3rd week
45
Primitive digestive cavity
Archenteron
46
Separates foregut from stomodeum
Buccopharyngeal membrane
- formation 3rd week
47
Maxillary process & Medial Nasal process forms
Upper lip
- forms on the 6th week
BOARDS!
48
Adenohypophysis is also known as?
Anterior Pituitary gland
49
Posterior pituitary gland is also known as
Neurohypophysis
- Complete formation of Pituitary gland is on the 8th week.
50
Buccopharyngeal membrane ruptures on
4th week or 27th day
51
Face segmentation happen on the?
4th week
52
Tongue development starts on the?
4th week
D. i . l. a
53
Ant. 2/3rds of tongue is formed by Lateral lingual swelling and
Tuberculum Impar
- branchial arch 1
54
Post 1/3 of tongue is formed by Hypobranchial Eminences and
Copula
- Branchial arch 3
55
Tuberculum Impar starts the development of the?
Tongue
56
Tongue attach to the floor of the mouth will cause
Sculpting Apoptosis
- causing Lingual Frenum
57
Sulcus terminalis is pointed?
POSTERIORLY
(BOARDS)
58
Pit at center of sulcus terminalis is called
Foramen cecum
- foramen that has no blood vessel, nerve, a blind pit,
Foramen Cecum
1. Tongue
2. Anterior Cranial Fossa
= no organ, blood vessel, nerves.
59
thyroglossal duct forms on the
10th week
60
Tooth bud forms on the
6th week
- Nasal Cavity
- Upper lip
- Parotid and Submandibular Gland
61
Face, muscles of mastication, primary palate and secondary palate forms on the
7th week
62
Primary palate is also called?
Premaxilla
- canine tooth to another canine tooth
Secondary palate
- Hard and soft palate
63
Sublingual gland forms on the
8th week
- Palatal ready to fuse, movement of tongue to palate: FORWARD, DOWNWARD
64
Palatal closure is on the
9th week
Cleft Lip: common in Male
Cleft palate: Female
Cleft Lip and Palate: Male
common in 1st born child
Increase in vitamin A, b9
65
incomplete fusion of Maxillary process and Medial nasal process results to
Cleft lip
66
incomplete fusion of Maxillary process and lateral nasal process results to
Oblique facial cleft
(Boards!)
67
Maxillary process and mandibular process fusion failure
Transverse facial cleft
68
Median nasal process not totally fused results to
Median Cleft lip
69
Foramen Cecum, Olfactory placodes -> Nasal pits forms on the
5th week
70
Calcification sequence of Primary Dentition
a - D - B - c - e
14th week, 15, 16, 17, 18th week.
within 4 to 6 months
71
Eruption sequence of Primary Dentition
a - B - D - c - e
72
Gold standard to determine Dental Age
Nolla's stage
73
Nolla's stage:
Initial Calcification
2
74
Nolla's stage:
Crown completion, Starts the eruption
6
75
Nolla's stage:
2/3rd root completion, active eruption
- form of bone eruption
8
76
Active eruption is due to
Ligament traction
77
normal serial extraction sequence
CD4
-Canine
-1st Molar
- 1st premolar (permanent)
78
Largest primary tooth
Md. 2nd Molar
79
Smallest primary tooth
Mandibular central incisor
80
what part of primary pulp horn is more occlusal
Distal or Mesial?
Mesial
81
Primate space is seen in what tooth?
Mesial of max. Canine
Distal of mand. canine
82
location of primate space in mandibular primary dentition
A. Canine - Lateral Incisor
B. Canine - Molar
C. Canine - 1st Premolar
B.
83
tooth that has no resemblance
primary mandibular 1 molar
84
sequence of permanent dentition Maxillary
CAUCASIAN: 6-1-2-4-5-3-7-8
ASIAN: 6-1-2-4-5-3-7-8
Mandibular: 6-1-2-3-4-5-7-8
85
11-12 yrs old no primary tooth
86
what is the 1st primary tooth to erupt
Mandibular central incisor
87
1st permanent tooth to erupt
Mandibular central incisor
88
what is the 1st succedaneous tooth to erupt?
permanent Mandibular Central incisor
89
groove that is most constant & valuable trait to differentiate maxillary molars
Distolingual Groove
90
Mesial marginal developmental groove is seen in
Max. 1 Pre-molar
91
Mesiolingual developmental groove is seen in
Mandibular 1st pre-molar
92
Largest of all pre-molar
Max. 1st pre-molar
93
Smallest pre-molar
Mandibular 1st pre-molar
94
tooth that has wrinkled appearance because of the presence of supplemental grooves
MAX. 2nd Pre-molar
95
Oblique ridge is unique to Maxillary Molars, seen between triangular ridge of ____ cusp & distal cusp ridge of ____ Cusp
Distobuccal cusp , Mesiolingual Cusp
96
Labial ridge is located at
Center of Canine
- present in maxillary and mandibular canine
- ONLY TOOTH THAT HAS LABIAL RIDGE
97
Triangular elevation making up a divisional part of the crown
Cusp
98
Extra formation of enamel
Tubercle
99
Cusp/Tubercle of carabelli is seen in
Mesiolingual cusp of max 1st molar
100
Largest cusp of maxillary molars
Mesiolingual cusp
101
Talon's cusp is common in
Maxillary Lateral Incisors
102
3rd lingual cusp is called
Tuberculum Intermedium
103
Extra enamel located at Distal Marginal Ridge
Tuberculum Sextum
104
Primary cusp triangle
Mesiolingual
Mesiobuccal
Distobuccal
of Maxillary 1st Molar
105
Centrally located Cingulum
Max: Lateral Incisor - Canine, Mand. Central Incisor.
OFF-CENTERED: Max CI, Mand Lateral and Canine
106
small projections of enamel presenting 3 lobes of anterior.
Mamelons
107
all teeth have 4 lobes except?
Mand 2 PM
Mand and Max 1Molars
108
Anterior Maxillary and Mandibular, the shape in proximal view is?
Triangle
109
All anterior teeth, the shape in faciolingual is?
Trapezoid
- longest side toward the occlusal
110
All posterior teeth, shape in buccal and lingual is?
Trapezoid
111
All Maxillary posterior teeth, shape in proximal view is?
Trapezoidal
- Longest side toward cervical
112
all mandibular posterior teeth, the shape in proximal view is?
Rhomboidal
113
the proximal view of maxillary posterior is rhomboid, the proximal view of mandibular posterior is trapezoid?
True or False?
False
114
tooth numbering system in permanent dentition is called?
A. Arabic
B. roman numeral
c. Alphabet
D. Numbers
A. Arabic
115
Universal numbering system is adopted by?
ADA
116
FDI is adopted by?
- Federation Dentaire Internationale
- "Two digit system"
- "Binomial System"
World Health Organization
117
Palmer was 1st created for
Primary or Permanent dentition?
Permanent dentition.
118
separates oral cavity from nasopharynx
Soft Palate
119
separates oral cavity from the nasal cavity
Hard palate
120
wide tendon sheath, connecting muscle to muscle
Aponeurosis
121
soft palate muscles are all innervated by?
Pharyngeal plexus
- union of pharyngeal branches of CN 9, 10, 11
- mixed nerve.
- Sensory: CN 9
- Motor: 10, 11
- Major Motor: Vagus (10)
- Accessory Motor: XI
122
Soft palate muscle that is innervated by CN V
Tensor Veli Palatini
123
Raise the floor of the oral cavity, elevate the hyoid bone/
Mylohyoid
- innervated by CN V
124
The oblique ridge of a permanent maxillary 2nd molar joins which two cusps?
Mesiolingual and Distobuccal
125
Lingual ridge is found on
Canines
126
Long depression or valley between ridges and cusps
Sulcus
127
Oriented enamel rods on primary tooth?
Occlusally or Horizontally?
Occlusally
Permanent tooth - Horizontally
128
the roots of a primary second molar are flared to allow space for the developing tooth bud of which permanent mandibular tooth?
SECOND PREMOLAR
129
1ST:
2ND:
3RD:
Longest crown
1. mandibular canine
2. central incisor
3. maxillary canine
130
a carious developmental pit is most likely to be found in the lingual surface of a
Maxillary Lateral Incisor
131
Most frequently concave on the lingual surface
Maxillary Lateral Incisor
132
Longest tooth, longest root, third longest crown
Maxillary Canine
133
most prominent lobe in canine
Middle lobe
-most developed
134
Anterior tooth most likely to have a bifurcated root
Mandibular Canine
135
The mesial surface of the crown is almost parallel to the long axis and the root of a
a. Maxillary first premolar
b. mandibular 2nd re molar
c. Max. Canine
d. Mand. canine
D. Mandibular canine
136
most symmetrical tooth is?
Mandibular central incisor
137
Between max and mand canine, the most symmetrical tooth is?
Mandibular Canine
138
Which of the following teeth is most likely to resist caries?
a. Max. CI
b. Mand. Canine
c. Mand. 1st premolar
d. Max. Lateral Incisor
B. Mandibular Canine
139
a mandibular canine differs from a maxillary canine in which of the following?
A. it is longer?
b. it has a less pronounced cingulum.
c. the crown is approximately the same length
d. it has a cusp tip more nearly centered mesiodistally when viewed from the facial
B. It has a less pronounced cingulum
140
which of the following most correctly characterized the number of roots found on a bicuspid?
A. one only
B. One or Two
c. Two Only
D. Three
B. One or two
141
Longest crown among the posterior tooth
1st pre molar
142
in the mandibular arch, the greatest lingual inclination of the crown from its root is seen in a permanent?
First Premolar
143
most prominent tooth in the mouth
Maxillary Central Incisors
- longest and widest mesiodistal diameter among all anterior teeth
144
Greatest variation in crown size and form, common to be congenitally missing, high in anomalies.
Maxillary lateral incisors
145
Cornerstone of the dental arch, among all anterior widest labiolingual diameter.
Maxillary Canine
- bone: canine eminence
146
Caldwell-luc procedure is performed in ___ fossa
Canine
147
1st, 2nd, 3rd, longest root?
1. Max Canine
2. Max 2n PM
3. Palatal root - Max. 1st molar
148
tooth that has Variable occlusal anatomy, tapering crown Buccolingually, heart shape, shortest permanent teeth, high variation root alignment
Maxillary 3rd Molar
- DL cusp is smaller or none
149
4th canal seen in
Mesial / mesiobuccal root
150
5th cusp is @?
(Cusp of carabelli)
Mesiolingual Cusp
151
Smallest tooth in the mouth
Mand. Central Incisor
152
Longest crown permanent, less pronounced cingulum than max. canine.
Mand. Canine
- only tooth that has labial ride (md & max)
153
Smallest of all premolar
Mand. 1PM
- snake eye appearance
Biggest of all premolar
- Max 1st PM
154
H, U, Y type of occlusal is seen in
Mand. 2nd PM
155
Most common type of lobe in mand. 2nd PM?
Y type (5 Lobes)
- H & U type: 4 Lobes
156
Largest mandibular tooth
Mandibular 1st Molar (5 cusp): Distal Cusp
"Y5 molar"
157
Symmetrical occlusal of all molars (+ sign)
Mandibular 2nd molar
158
"Groovy molar"
Mandibular 3rd Molar
159
most complex joint in the body
TMJ
160
Most complex cranial nerve
CN V
160
Most complex bone
Sphenoid bone
161
key element for TMJ stability
Functioning part of the glenoid fossa
Articular Eminence
Articular Fossa: NON-FUNCTIONING PART
162
Longest lasting growth center
Condyle
- FIBROUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Mandible - Growth Field
163
Biggest synovial joint of the head
TMJ
- movable joint
- "DIARTHROIDAL JOINT"
164
The covering of all diarthrosis joints is Hyaline cartilage, except?
TMJ
- fibrocartilage/fibrous connective tissue
- atypical Synovial Joint
165
Most common location of displacement/dislocation of TMJ?
anteromedial
- anterior displacement
- tx: downward, backward
166
Mandible moves in how many planes?
3
1. Frontal: Upward, Downward
2. Horizontal : Side to side
3. Sagittal : Forward, backward
167
Hinge-like rotation, gliding movement
Ginglymoarthroidal Joint
-TMJ
168
Sphenomandibular Ligament attaches at the?
Lingula or Angle of the mandible?
Lingula
169
Stylomandibular Ligament attached at the?
Lingula or Angle of the mandible?
Angle of the mandible
-
170
