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DMD > Anesthesiology > Flashcards

Anesthesiology Flashcards

1
Q

T or F: All local anesth. are weak bases

A

T

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2
Q

All local anesth. are synthetic except

A

Cocaine “Erythrocylon Coca”

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3
Q

All local anesth. are vasodilators except

A

Cocaine = Constriction

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4
Q

All local anesth are CNS, CVS depressant except?

A

Cocaine = stimulant -> sympathetics

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5
Q

Myelin sheath in CNS is produced by

A

OLIGODENDROCYTES

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6
Q

Myelin sheath in PNS is produced by

A

SCHWANN CELLS

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7
Q

if a patient is allergic to AMIDE and ESTER, administer:

A

1% Diphenhydramine

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8
Q

local anesth. Longest duration of action

A

BUPIVACAINE (Marcaine)

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9
Q

Anesth. used for patient with heart problems, hyperthyroid, vasoconstrictor is contraindicated

A

MEPIVACAINE (Carbocaine)
- vasoconstrictor: Levonordefrin

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10
Q

Amide with ester characteristic local anesth

A

Articaine (Septocaine)

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11
Q

most common adverse reaction of lidocaine (Xylocaine)

A

Syncope

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12
Q

1st management for syncope

A

Trendelenburg Position then Oxygen (O2)

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13
Q

local anesth that Causes ortho-tuludine -> methemoglobinemia

A

PRILOCAINE (Citanest)

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14
Q

Prilocaine metabolized in

A

Kidney and Lungs

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15
Q

Longest acting, longest duration, slow metabolism used for patients with trigeminal Neuralgia and contraindicated to pedo patient

A

BUPIVACAINE (Marcaine)

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16
Q

most potent vasodilator

A

PROCAINE (NOVOCAINE)

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17
Q

Duration of Local Anesth. Ultra-short acting

A

Procaine <30minutes

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18
Q

SHORT ACTING 45-75 minutes

A

2% Lidocaine with 1:100,000 Epinephrine

2% Mepivacaine with 1,20,000 Levonordefrin

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19
Q

Best topical Local Anesth.

A

Benzocaine
Tetracaine
Lidocaine

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20
Q

in a carpule of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine, how many MG of Lidocaine and epinephrine would 1 carpule has?

A

2% Lidocaine: 36mg
1:100,000 Epinephrine: 0.018mg

ALWAYS REMEMBER! FORMER BOARDS.

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21
Q

Most commonly used syringe in dentistry

A

Metallic, Breach-loading, Aspirating

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22
Q

syringe forced through small openings

A

Jet injector

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23
Q

Most common area of breakage in needle

A

Hub

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24
Q

Adult IAN needle

A

G27 32MM Long needle

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25
Q

Pedo IAN needle

A

G27 20mm short needle

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26
Q

Intraligamentary needle

A

G30 15mm ultra-short needle

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27
Q

Glass tube with 1-2mm bubbles is normal because of?

A

Nitrogen

28
Q

Glass tube with 4mm of bubbles is not to be used because of?

A

OXYGEN or Oxidized/Expired

29
Q

Antioxidant/Preservative of local anesth

A

Sodium Bisulfite

30
Q

Preservative of developer and fixer in roent.

A

Sodium Sulfite

31
Q

what is the mechanism of .2MG citric acid in local anesth?

A

Stabilizer

32
Q

Vasoconstrictor to the body, prolongs the effect of local anesth.

A

Epinephrine

33
Q

What is the effect of Epinephrine in the BODY?

A

VASOCONSTRICTOR

34
Q

What is the effect of Epinephrine in Local Anesth?

A

PROLONGS THE EFFECT OF LA

35
Q

most commonly used vasoconstrictor in dentistry?

A

EPINEPHRINE

36
Q

Mepivacaine contains?

A

Levonordefrin

37
Q

Maximum dose of Vasoconstrictors to Healthy patients?

A

0.2 mg, 11 Carpules!

38
Q

Maximum dose of vasocons. to CV patients?

A

0.04mg, 2 Carpules!

39
Q

Temporary loss of pain sensation in a particular part of the body

A

Regional Anesthesia

40
Q

Target of topical anesthesia

A

Free nerve endings
- sensory receptor for pain - present in PULP

41
Q

Flooding the small terminal nerve endings

A

Local Infiltration “Paraperiosteal”

42
Q

Close proximity to larger terminal nerve branches, common in maxillary. ASAN-MSAN-PSAN

A

Field block

43
Q

Intraligamentary into the periodontal membrane space, common in children, complication of intraligamentary technique is?

A

Avulsion

44
Q

technique into thin porous interseptal bone

A

Interseptal tech

Osseous structure: INTRAOSSEOUS
Into the pulp: INTRAPULPAL

45
Q

ASAN blocking is common to cause

A

Ecchymosis

REMEMBER!

46
Q

PSAN blocking is common to cause

A

HEMATOMA

remember please!

47
Q

Penetrates posterior fiber of buccinator muscle / trumpeters muscle

A

PSAN!!! “TUBEROSITY BLOCK/ZYGOMATIC BLOCK”

48
Q

Incisive papilla, central incisor landmark is

A

Nasopalatine nerve

49
Q

nerve block for the extraction of 1st molar?

A

PSAN, MSAN, GREATER PAL/ANT. Pal. N.

50
Q

most common location of mental foramen

A

Apical of mandibular 2nd PREMOLAR

51
Q

most common supplemental blocking technique in mandible

A

Long buccal nerve technique

52
Q

Highest degree of anesthetic failure

A

Standard/Classic IAN

target: Near mandibular foramen
location of needle: 6-10mm above occlusal plane.
Depth: 20-25mm depth
Bone Contact

53
Q

Bone contact hit too soon, the tip of needle is located at?

A

Ant. of Ramus

54
Q

No bone contact, the tip of needle is located at?

A

Parotid Gland

  • will suffer facial paralysis (CN 7)
55
Q

True mandibular technique is also called

A

Gow-Gates technique
- supine

56
Q

common use for trismus, limited jaw opening, tmj prob..
Vazirani-akinosi technique also known as

A

Closed mouth technique
- semi-supine position
- most common cause of facial paralysis

57
Q

most common cause of hyperventilation

A

Anxiety -> CARPOPEDAL SPASM

58
Q

burning on injection is caused by

A

rapid injection

59
Q

needle breakage is associated with this technique and 30 gauge needle

A

IAN technique
most common breakage - HUB

60
Q

trismus upon IAN blocking

A

Internal pterygoid muscle

Infratemporal fossa - can cause trismus

61
Q

prolonged anesthesia causes

A

Paresthesia
- nerve trauma: IAN

62
Q

Transient cerebral hypoxia is known as?

A

Syncope
- most common cause of loss of consciousness in dental clinic

63
Q

Carotid sinus syncope is common in?

A

Elderly

64
Q

Most common type of syncope, triggered by dehydration, emotion, injection

A

Vasovagal Syncope/Reflex/Neurally Mediated

65
Q

immediate management for syncope

A

Trendelenburg Position

66
Q

Easiest to prevent complication

A

Needle breakage

DMD (24 decks)

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