Patterns of Inheritance Flashcards
Allele
one of two or more variants of a gene that determines a particular trait for a characteristic
Dominant
describes a trait that masks the expression of another trait when both versions of the gene are
present in an individual
What is F1
the first filial generation in a cross; the offspring of
the parental generation
What is F2
the second filial generation produced when F1
individuals are self-crossed or fertilized with each
other
What is a genotype?
the underlying genetic makeup, consisting of both physically visible and non-expressed alleles,
of an organism
What is heterozygous?
having two different alleles for a given gene on the homologous chromosomes
What is homozygous?
having two identical alleles for a given gene on the homologous chromosomes
What is a phenotype?
The observable traits expressed by an organism
What is recessive?
describes a trait whose expression is masked by another trait when the alleles for both
traits are present in an individual
What is recombination?
The process during meiosis in which homologous chromosomes exchange linear segments of genetic material, thereby dramatically increasing genetic variation in the offspring and
separating linked genes
What is a trait?
A variation in an inherited characteristic
What is an incomplete dominance?
When recessive alleles have a partial phenotypic effect
What is a gene?
A unit of heredity that usually encodes a protein
What is a gene pool?
The set of all genes found within a given population
What is continuous variation?
The range of small differences we see among individuals in a characteristic like height
