Biotechnology Flashcards
What is PCR?
replication in a lab
What does PCR help with?
solve crimes
made for studies
What does PCR use?
dna primer/nucleotides, TAQ polymerase (from bacteria)
What are the steps of PCR?
denature
cool DNA + add primer
reduce temp. to add bases
can repeat this cycle
In gel electrophoresis, what pieces move faster?
smaller and negatively charged molecules
What is biotechnology?
use of artificial methods to modify the genetic material of living organisms or cells
What is cloning
The production of an exact GENETIC copy of a gene, cell, or organism
What is gene engineering?
Alteration of the genetic makeup of an organism using biotechnology
How do you do DNA fingerprinting?
identify a unique pattern in the genome
use a restriction enzyme
use gel electrophoresis
What is transgenic?
If the foreign DNA that is introduced comes from a different species.
What are the steps to isolate nuclei acids?
Note: DNA must be extracted to get nucleus acid
1. Break open cell using detergent
2. Use enzymes to destroy all undesired macromolecules
3. Avoid degradation or contamination by unsung enzymes to inactive protein, RNA, DNA, etc.
4. DNA brought to solution using alcohol. Made up of long polymers, forming gelatin mass.
How can you reproductively clone something?
- Take egg cell of one indícale and remove the nucleus
- Take the diploid nucleus from another individual and put it into the egg cell
- This stimulates the egg to divide