Fossils Flashcards
What is evolution?
gradual change over time
What are evidence of relationship?
fossils, comparative embryology, comparative anatomy, comparative biochemistry
what is comparative embryology?
embryos of closely related species show similar development patterns
what is comparative biochemistry?
read DNA and polypeptide sequence
STRONGEST evidence
analogous vs vestigial
similar shape/function; different ancestors
used to have; not used anymore
What are homologous structures?
similar shape; different functions
What is comparative anatomy?
study of similar structures/differences
using homologous structures
What are fossils and what are they used for?
trace of remains of a living organisms
preserved by a natural process
used in carbon dating
older ones are deeper in the surface
What are different types of fossils?
amber, petrification, molds, casts, imprints, ice
what are amber fossils?
hard, yellow, transparent resin produced by trees
usually insects
preserves very well
What is petrification?
usually water animals (water is high in minerals)
remains are turned into stone
tissues/bone gradually replaced
What are molds? What are casts?
molds - impressions in the sediment
filling up the mold creates a cast
What are imprints?
impressions in mud hardened into rock
What are ice?
preserves entire organisms
hair, skin, bones, etc.
otzi the iceman
