PATH 179 LO 3 Flashcards
(109 cards)
What is sinustits?
viral infection leads to obstruction of drainage of the paranasal sinuses
What are the signs and symptoms of sinustits?
- Pain
- Tenderness
- Fever
What is the radiographic appearance for sinutits?
- soft tissue density lining the walls of the involved sinus
- Air fluid level
What is the treatment for sinusitis?
- if caused by bacteria (antibiotics)
- Nasal sprays and decongestants
- If chronic surgery
What is cystic fibrosis?
hereditary disease characterized by the secretion of excessively viscous mucous by all the exocrine glands
What causes cystic fibrosis?
defective gene in the middle of chromosome 7
-99% of morbidity or mortality occurs as a result of respiratory involvement
What are the signs and symptoms of cystic fibrosis?
- recurrent pulmonary infections
- Meconium ileus
- Cough, wheeze
- Sputum production
- Failure to thrive
What are the radiographic exams for cystic fibrosis?
- x-ray
- CT
What is the radiographic appearance for cystic fibrosis?
- generalized irregular thickening of linear markings
- Almost always hyperinflation
- Appearance of chronic disease in adults
What is the treatment for cystic fibrosis?
- Prophylactic antibiotics
- Chest physio
- Transplant
What is another name for idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome?
Hyaline membrane disease
What causes idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome?
lack of lipoprotein ‘surfactant’ from immaturity or birth trauma
-Pre mature babies or diabetic mothers who have had c-section
what are the signs and symptoms of idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome?
- hypoxia and respiratory distress usually within 6hrs of delivery
- Tachypnea
- poor colour
What are the radiographic exams for idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome?
-x-ray AP/LAT/DECUB CXR
What is the radiographic appearance for idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome?
- artificial surfactant
- Positive pressure ventilators, but may cause over-aeration
What causes croup?
- viral infection
- Produces inflammatory, obstructive swelling in subglottic trachea
What are signs and symptoms of croup?
- Stridor
- Bark-like cough
- Fever
- Sore throat
What are the radiographic exams for croup?
AP soft tissue neck
What is the radiographic appearance for croup?
smooth tapering of airway caused by EDEMA (hour glass shape)
What is the treatment for croup?
- cool humidifaction
- Steam from hot shower for 15-20 mi intervals
- Corticosteroid treatment to decrease swelling
What is epiglottitis?
viral infection of epiglottits
what is epiglottits caused by?
haemophilus influenzae
What are the signs and symptoms of epiglotittis?
- fever
- Stridor
- Sore throat
- Drooling
What is the radiographic examinations for epigglotttis?
upright lat soft tissue neck