Part 6: Heart & organization of blood vessels Flashcards by Tami Ojewole

Components of cardiovascular system

1)Pump (The heart)
2) Conducting vessels (Arteries & veins)
3) Sites for exchange with the tissues (Capillaries)
4) Drainage system for excess tissue fluids (Lymphatic vessels)

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Functions of cardiovascular system

1)Maintain homeostasis
2) Transport of: Metabolites and wastes, Hormones and signaling molecules, Dissolved gas, immune cells
3) Regulation of body temperature

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2 circuits of cardiovascular system

-Pulmonary circuit to the lungs
-Systemic circuit to the rest of the body

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The heart has ___ pumps acting in ____ (____)

2 pumps acting in parallel (Right and left sides of heart)

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The heart resides in ____ which is a ______ and bounded on the left and right by ____

-mediastinum
-a central region of the thorax within rib cage
-the lungs

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mediastinum includes____

heart, the esophagus, trachea, thymus gland, and large blood vessels.

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We use a casing on the heart. Are we looking at the heart?

No, we are seeing the pericadium

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heart is encased within _____ called____

-a tough fibrous sac
-the pericardium/pericardial sac.

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_____fluid lubricates the smooth interface between pericardial sac (parietal pericardium layer) and ____of heart.

Serous
epicardium

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label

black: myocardium (muscle)
yellow: endocardium (smooth epithelial layer)
blue: parietal (serous) pericardium (smooth secretory layer)
green: fibrous pericardium (tough- doesn’t expand easily)
purple: epicardium (visceral pericardium)- smooth, single layer that secretes fluid

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serous pericardium = __ + ___

epicardium (visceral pericardium)
fibrous pericardium

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layers of pericardium

fibrous pericardium
parietal pericardium
(space)
epicardium

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label + identify view

left: anterior view
right : posterior view

purple: superior vena cava- takes blood from upper body
orange: right atrium- gets blood from upper body
green: base - where the great vessels connect
yellow: apex - point downward to left
blue: inferior vena cava - take blood from lower body

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right atrium is generally _____

thin walled

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label

blue: Atrial appendage (auricle)- sticks out like a flap
orange: Right atrium
green: Coronary sinus -> blood returning from heart itself
yellow: Pectinate muscle- region that has strands to muscle -) on atrial appendage (still has endocardium)

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label and name this valve? where is this valve

tricuspid value; between right atrium& ventricle

blue: Trabeculae carnae: strands of muscle
yellow: valve cusp/leaflets
green: chordae tendinae- CT that attach to appilary muscle
purple: papillary muscle - don’t close valve for keep it taut

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right ventricle vs atrium

ventricle has more muscle

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tricuspid value closes when ____

ventricle contracts

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function of tricuspid valve

stop blood from flowing back into right atrium when ventricle contracts

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label +identify valve and function

pulmonary semilunar value (3 cusps) + stops blood from going back into ventricle from pulmonary valve

blue: pulmonary trunk
green: pulmonary semilunar valve
red: pulmonary sinus (space inside cusps

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label pulmonary trunk which is ___ to aorta

blue: right pulmonary artery
purple: left pulmonary artery
red: pulmonary trunk

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Arteries carry blood _____. Veins carry blood______

away from the heart
to the heart

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main thing we see in anterior view of heart is ____

right ventricle

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label

blue: left pulmonary artery
green: left pulmonary veins

left atrium position in the heart

behind

label

blue: left pulmonary artery yellow: left pulmonary veins green: right pulmonary artery pink: right pulmonary veins purple: left atrium- blood for lungs black: left ventricle- blood to body

atrial appendage function

for atrium to espand for more blood

left atrium like right atrium contains____

smooth portion and a portion with pectinate muscle.

left vs right ventricle difference

left ventricle has thicker wall

label

blue:Left atrial appendage red: mitral (bicuspid) valve

label

ascending aorta

aorta has ____ valve

semilunar valve

label

blue: aortic sinus- blood pools for coronary arteries red: cusp purple: Openings of the left and right coronary arteries- 1st branches of aorta but don't get blood immediately, blood has to fall and pool in sinuses green: nodule- where the 3 cusps come together

fibrous skeleton of the heart is ____

a ring of CT around valves, insulates electrical signals

label valves

blue: pulmonary red: aortic green: bicuspid (mitral) purple: tricuspid

this image shows that ___

ventricles contract at the same time & atriums contract at the same time

blood flow in heart + valves

R Atrium → R Ventricle [Tricuspid valve] L Atrium → L Ventricle [Bicuspid (Mitral) valve] R Ventricle → Pulmonary Trunk [Pulmonary Semilunar valve] L Ventricle → Aorta [Aortic Semilunar valve]

Septa separate _____

right and left atria, and right and left ventricles

Interatrial septum separates ___

atriums

Interventricular septum separates _____

ventricles

Coronary vessels are the vascular supply to ______

the heart tissue

label

blue: left coronary artery red: right coronary artery

label

blue: Left Coronary Artery (LCA) red: Right Coronary Artery (RCA) (in coronary sulcus purple: Circumflex branch of LCA (in coronary sulcus) green: Anterior interventricular artery (in anterior IV sulcus)

label