Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

z:Anat 200 > Part 11: Male reproductive system > Flashcards

Part 11: Male reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the male reproductive system

A

-Produce male gametes (spermatozoa), testosterone (sex hormone), & seminal fluid
-Temporary storage for spermatozoa
-Delivery of spermatozoa to the female reproductive tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

parts of reproductive system

A

Gonads (testes)
Reproductive tract (ducts)
Accessory glands
Organ of copulation (penis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

parts of Reproductive tract (ducts)

A

epididymis
vas deferens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

List of Accessory glands

A

Seminal vesicles
prostate
bulbourethral glands
Pituitary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Parietal peritoneum (def.)

A

lining the peritoneal cavity (body wall) – separate the abdominal cavity from the pelvic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

pelvic organs are all outside (below) the _____

A

peritoneal cavity (retroperitoneal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

label pelvic anatomy

A

yellow: urinary bladder
red: testis
black: epididymis
orange: scrotum
grey: bulbourethral gland
gold: prostate gland & ejaculatory duct
brown: seminal vesicle
blue: retrovesicle pouch
green: ureter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

urogenital triangle (def.)

A

anterior half of the diamond-shaped perineum; defined by pubis symphysis anteriorly and the ischial tuberosities anterolaterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

anal triangle (def.)

A

posterior half of the diamond-shaped perineum; defined by coccyx posteriorly and the ischial tuberosities anterolaterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Perineal muscles are all innervated by _____

A

pudendal nerve (S2,3,4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Muscles over erectile tissues of genitalia increases _____ & ___

A

blood flow & help with ejaculation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

label perineal muscles

A

top
external urethral sphincter
levator ani
external anal sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

levator ani function

A

support pelvic organs (pelvic diaphragm)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

crus (crura) = __

A

leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

corpus (corpora) = ___

A

body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Erectile tissue & surrounding muscles

A

yellow
crus of penis (attached part of corpus cavernosum) –> corpus cavernosa
associated muscle: ischiocaverosus muscle

blue
bulb of penis (attached part of corpus spongiosum) –> corpus spongiosum with urethra
associated muscle: bulbospongiosus muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The spermatic cord is a tube that has ____

A

vas deferens
pampiniform plexus
testicular artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

pampiniform plexus (___ ) and testicular artery (___)

A

vein
artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

spermatic cord + cremaster enter scrotal sac through ___

A

inguinal ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Semen consists of:

A

Spermatozoa/sperm (gametes)
Secretions of accessory glands (seminal fluid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Spermatogenesis (def.)

A

production of sperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

seminiferous tubules in ___ makes ______

A

testes
spermatozoa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Epididymis function. where?

A

maturation & increase motility of sperm; connected to testis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Vas deferens function

A

transport of sperm from scrotum to ejaculatory ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

testis is the _____ and produces _____

A

primary sex organ of male reproductive organ
Produce sperm (gamete) & testosterone (sex hormone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The ______ is a layer of fibrous tissue capsule covering the testis. It is covered by the _____.

A

blue: tunica albuginea
red: tunica vaginalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

tunica albuginea is _____ and bulges _______ to form ________ where ______

A

-highly vascularized
-posteriorly
-mediastinum testis
-blood, lymph & nerves enter similar to hilum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

label testis

A

blue: Tunica albuginea
red: Seminiferous tubules
purple: Rete testis - testis connection to epididymis
orange: Epididymis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Seminiferous tubules (descr.)

A

250 lobules in testis separated by septa –> 1-4 seminiferous tubule per lobule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Seminiferous tubules are embedded in ____

A

CT with blood, lymph, nerves, & interstitial cells

31
Q

Seminiferous tubules are lined by ______. Cells present: _______

A

germinal/stem epithelium
Spermatogenic cells (spermatogonia) - undiffer. male germ cell
Sertoli cells - needed for support of spermatogenesis

32
Q

_____, also known as _____ of the testes are found near the ______in the testicle and produce _____

A

Leydig cells
interstitial cells
seminiferous tubules
testosterone

33
Q

lumen of seminiferous tubules has ___

A

spermatozoa

34
Q

Spermatogenesis (def.)

A

sperm formation

35
Q

steps of spermatogenesis

A

1) Spermatocytogenesis: differentiation of spermatogonia into primary spermatocytes (mitosis)

2) Meiosis: reduce diploid chromosomal complement to form haploid spermatids

3) Spermiogenesis: transformation of spermatids into spermatozoa

36
Q

Spermatogonia (def.)

A

germ cells (mitosis from puberty throughout life)

37
Q

secondary spermatocytes are produced after ___

A

primary spermatocytes undergoes 1st meiotic division

38
Q

spermatids are produced after ___

A

secondary spermatocytes undergoes 2nd meiotic division

39
Q

sertoli (epithelial) cells support support, protect, nourish______, secrete _____, helps maintain ______, ingest _____ and establish ____

A

spermatogenic cells
fructose-rich fluid
testosterone levels for spermatogenesis
excess cytoplasm of spermatozoa
blood-testis barrier (tight junction)

40
Q

At birth, testes contain only _____

A

spermatogonia & Sertoli cells

41
Q

______ do not develop until puberty

A

Spermatocytes, spermatids, & spermatozoa

42
Q

Spermiogenesis (def.)

A

Final stage of spermatogenesis; Transformation of round spermatid (haploid) into asymmetric spermatozoon

43
Q

acrosome of spermatozoon breaks down _____; contains ______

A

when sperm contacts egg
enzymes that bore hole in zona pellucida

44
Q

Mitochondria in midpiece of spermatozoon produce _____

A

ATP that generates the beating of the flagellum

45
Q

label spermatozoon

A

red: acrosome
yellow: nucleus
green: mitochondria
blue: tail (flagellum)
purple: midpiece
pink: head

46
Q

Myoid cells in ____ produce _____that help propel the contents of seminiferous tubules toward_____

A

seminiferous tubules
rhythmic movements
the rete testis (to epididymis)

47
Q

Leydig cells (descr.) + Produce & secrete ____

A
  • Round to polygonal cells in the interstitial regions with large central nucleus
  • testosterone at puberty
48
Q

Testosterone regulates _______, Stimulates ______, influence ____

A

-spermatogenesis
-development & maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics, growth & metabolism throughout the body
-brain development

49
Q

At puberty: ________from the hypothalamus) begins the regulation of _____ (produced by _____)

A

gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH
FSH & LH
anterior pituitary gland

50
Q

_______ stimulates Sertoli cells to support spermatogenesis. _____ stimulates Leydig cells to produce testosterone

A

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Luteinizing hormone (LH)

51
Q

_____ can release _____to depress the anterior pituitary from producing FSH & LH

A

Sertoli cells
inhibin

52
Q

label pelvic anatomy

A

purple: penile urethra
green: external orifice
blue: seminal vesicle
orange: prostate gland
red: ejaculatory duct
pink: bulbourethral gland

53
Q

cells of epididymis

A

Simple epithelium surrounded by layers of smooth muscle composed of 2 types of cells:
- Tall ciliated cells (moves sperm along)
- Short absorptive cells (absorbs everything released by maturing sperm)

54
Q

_____, also called vas deferens

A

ductus deferens

55
Q

vas deferens has 2 layers of _____ and move sperm via ___

A

2 layers of smooth muscle: move sperm via peristaltic contraction

56
Q

vas deferens conduct sperm from ____ to ____

A

epididymis to seminal vesicles

57
Q

ampulla of vas deferens (def.)

A

is an enlargement of the vas deferens at the fundus of the bladder which acts as a reservoir for sperm

58
Q

ejaculatory duct = ___ + ____

A

seminal vesicle
vas deferens

59
Q

label posterior view

A

black : ureter
grey : ampulla
purple: seminal vesicle
red: ejaculatory duct
orange: prostate gland
green: bulbourethral gland
teal: corpus cavernosum
blue: coepus spongisum

60
Q

seminal vesicles produces ___% of seminal fluid
prostate gland produces ___% of seminal fluid

A

70
30

61
Q

bulbourethral gland does what?

A

Neutralizes & lubricates urethra

62
Q

seminal vesicles mucosa is ______

A

highly amplified – great number of thin complex folds that fill lumen (epithelium cells rich in secretory glands)

63
Q

seminal vesicles supports & increase ____. fluid contains ___ and _____

A

amount of secretion
coagulating factors for clotting of semen
high content of fructose (Energy source for sperm to enable movement of sperm towards ovum)

64
Q

Prostate gland (descr.)

A

Dense walnut-sized gland below urinary bladder that surround initial portion of urethra (prostatic urethra)

65
Q

prostate gland fluid contains _____

A

hydrolytic enzymes (produced by epithelium in glands)
Liquefy ejaculated clotted semen
Releases spermatozoa

66
Q

bulbourethral glands secrection is ____

A

thick, sticky, alkaline mucous to neutralize & lubricate penile urethra

67
Q

penis is surrounded by ____

A

erectile tissue

68
Q

label cross section of penis

A

blue: Corpora cavernosa (deep arteries)
orange: loose CT
purple: Tunica albuginea –> Fibrous CT with dense collagen bundles permitting extension of erectile tissue
red: Corpus spongiosum (penile/spongy urethra)

69
Q

Erectile tissue of the penis contain_____

A

Large interconnecting vascular spaces lined with endothelial cells, separated by trabeculae (CT & smooth mm.)

70
Q

Vasculature of erectile tissue

A

Central arteries supply blood to corpora cavernosa (within erectile tissue)/corpus spongiosum receives arterial blood from surrounding CT
All corpora drained by veins in surrounding CT sheath

71
Q

Mechanism of erection

A

-Parasympathetic stimulation causes vasodilation of central arteries
2. Erectile tissue (vascular spaces) becomes engorged with blood (trabeculae & smooth mm. are relaxed)
3. Peripheral veins become compressed against TA, which blocks venous outflow (produces rigidity of erectile tissue)
4. Sympathetic stimulation causes ejaculation (constriction of arteries & muscle)

72
Q

Spongy urethra transitions between______to _______in glans of penis

A

urinary (transitional) epithelium
stratified squamous epithelium and even keratinized

73
Q

Urethral glands (glands of Littre) are ____(help ______with lubrication of the penile urethra)

A

mucous secreting all along urethra
bulbourethral glands

z:Anat 200 (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions