Parasitology EC

Question 1

Giardia lambia

Answer 1

Boating, flatulence, foul-smelling fatty diarrhea

Campers/hikers

Question 2

Entamoeba histolytica

Answer 2

Amebiasis: bloody diarrhea, liver abscess

Question 3

Cryptosporidium

Answer 3

Severe diarrhea in AIDS
Mild disease (watery diarrhea) in immunocompetent

Question 4

Toxoplasma gondii

Answer 4

Brain abcess in HIV “Ring enhancing”

Congenital: Chorioretinitis, Hydrocephalus, Intracranial calcifications

Cat feces and undercooked meat

Question 5

Naegleria fowleri

Answer 5

Rapidly fatal meningoencephalitis

Swimming in freshwater lakes

“Nalgene bottle filled with Freshwater”

Question 6

Trypanosoma (brucei, gambiense, rhodesiense)

Answer 6

African sleeping sickness (enlarged lymph nodes, recurring fever, somnolence, coma)

Tsetse fly

Question 7

Plasmodium

Answer 7

Malaria: fever, headache, anemia, splenomegaly

P. vivax: 48 hr cycle, dormant hypnozoite in liver

P. falciparum: Severe irregular fever patterns, parasites in RBC, occlude capillaries in brain, kidneys, and lungs.

P. malariae: 72 hr cycle

Anopheles mosquito

Question 8

Babesia

Answer 8

Babesiosis: fever and hemolytic anemia
NE US

Ixodes tick (often co-infected with Lyme)

Question 9

Trypanosoma cruzi

Answer 9

Chagas’ disease: dilated cardiomyopathy, megacolon, megaesophagus

Reduviid bug

Question 10

Leishmania donovani

Answer 10

Spiking fevers
Hepatosplenomegaly
Pancytopenia

Sandfly

Question 11

Trichomonas vaginalis

Answer 11

Foul-smelling, greenish discharge
Itching and burning

Sexual transmission

Question 12

Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)

Answer 12

Transmitted in food

Intestinal infection with anal pruritis

Question 13

Ascaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm)

Answer 13

Fecal-oral

Intestinal infection

Question 14

Strongyloides stercoralis

Answer 14

Larvae in soil penetrate skin

Intestinal infection w/ vomiting, diarrhea, anemia

Question 15

Ancylostoma duodenale
Necator americanus

(hookworms)

Answer 15

Larvae penetrate skin

Intestinal infection causing anemia (suck blood from intestinal walls)

Question 16

Dracunculus medinensis

Answer 16

In drinking water

Skin inflammation and ulceration

Question 17

Onchocerca volvulus

Answer 17

Female blackfly

Hyperpigmented skin
River blindness

Question 18

Loa loa

Answer 18

Deer fly, horse fly, mango fly

Swlling of skin
Worm in conjunctiva

Question 19

Wuchereria bancrofti

Answer 19

Female mosquito

Blocks lymphatic vessels: elephantiasis

Question 20

Toxocara canis

Answer 20

Visceral larva migrans

Question 21

Taenia solium

Answer 21

Undercooked pork

Interstinal infection
Cysticercosis-cysts throughout body (neurocysticercosis)

Question 22

Diphyllobothrium latum

Answer 22

Raw freshwater fish

vit. B12 deficiency
Anemia

Question 23

Echinococcus granulosus

Answer 23

Dog feces

Cysts in liver
Anaphylaxis if antigen released

Question 24

Schistosoma

Answer 24

Snails host - penetrate skin of humans

Liver and spleen granulomas, fibrosis, inflammation
SCC of the bladder

Question 25

Clonorchis sinensis

Answer 25

Undercooked fish

Biliary tract inflammation (pigmented gallstones)
Cholangiocarcinoma

Question 26

Paragonimus wetsermani

Answer 26

Undercooked crab

Lung inflammation and secondary bacterial infection
Hemoptysis

Question 27

Findings: brain cysts; sqizures

Answer 27

Taenia solium (cysticercosis)

Question 28

Findings: Liver cysts (hydatidiform)

Answer 28

Echinococcus granulosus

Question 29

Findings: vit. B12 deficiency

Answer 29

Diphyllobothrium latum

Question 30

Findings: Biliary tract disease, cholangiocarcinoma

Answer 30

Clonorchis sinensis

Question 31

Findings: Hemoptysis

Answer 31

Paragonimus westermani

Question 32

Findings: Portal hypertension

Answer 32

Schistosoma mansoni

Question 33

Findings: Hematuria, bladder cancer

Answer 33

Schistosoma haematobium

Question 34

Findings: Microcytic anemia

Answer 34

Ancylostoma

Necator

Question 35

Findings: Perianal pruritis

Answer 35

Enterobius vermicularis