Gastrointestinal Pharm EC Flashcards

1
Q

Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine, Nizatidine (MOA, Use, Tox)

A

H2 blockers (decrease H+ secretion by parietal cells)

Peptic ulcer, gastritis, mild GERD

Cimetidine- potent P450 inhibitor and antiandrogen effects
Cimetidine and Ranitidine decrease creatinine excretion

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2
Q

Omeprazole, Lansoprazole, Esmoprazole, Pantoprazole, Dexlansoprazole (MOA, Use, Tox)

A

Irreversibly inhibit H/K ATPase in stomach parietal cells

Peptic ulcer, gastritis, GERD, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

Increased risk for C. dif
Pneumonia
Hip fractures
Decrease serum Mg

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3
Q

Bismuth, Sucralfate (MOA, Use)

A

Bind to ulcer base and allow HCO3 secretion to reestablish pH gradient in mucosal layer

Ulcer healing
Traveler’s diarrhea

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4
Q

Misoprostol (MOA, Use, Tox)

A

PGE1 analog (increase gastric secretions and decrease acid production)

Prevention of NSAID-induced peptic ulcers
Maintenance of PDA
Induce labor (ripens cervix)

Diarrhea
Contraindicated in women who could be/become pregnant

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5
Q

Octreotide (MOA, Use, Tox)

A

Somatostatin analog

Acute variceal bleeds
Acromegaly
VIPoma
Carcinoid tumors

Nausea, cramps, steatorrhea

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6
Q

Aluminum hydroxide (Use and Tox)

A

Antacid

Constipation, hypophosphatemia, proximal muscle weakness, osteodystrophy, seizures

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7
Q

Magnesium hydroxide (Use and Tox)

A

Antacid (also osmotic laxative)

Diarrhea, hyporeflexia, hypotension, cardiac arrest

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8
Q

Calcium carbonate (Use and Tox)

A

Antacid

Hypercalcemia, rebound acid secretion
Chelate other drugs (tetracycline especially)

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9
Q

Magnesium hydroxide, Magnesium citrate, Polyethylene glycol, Lactulose (MOA, Use, Tox)

A

Osmotic laxatives - provide osmotic load to draw water

Treat constipation

Cause diarrhea, dehydration, may be abused in bulimics

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10
Q

Lactulose (MOA, Use, Tox)

A

Osmotic laxative

Treat hepatic encephalopathy (promote NH4 excretion)
Treat constipation

*degraded into Lactic and Acetic acid by gut flora before it can bind NH4)

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11
Q

Infliximab (MOA, Use, Tox)

A

Monoclonal antibody to TNF-alpha

Treats Crohns, Ulcerative colitis, Rheumatoid arthritis

Cause cause infection (esp reactivate TB)
Fever
Hypotension

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12
Q

Sulfasalazine (MOA, Use, Tox)

A

Sulfapyridine (antibacterial) and 5-aminosalicylic acid (anti-inflammatory)
activated by colonic bacteria

Treats Crohns, Ulcerative colitis

Malaise, nausea, sulfonamide toxicity, reversible oligospermia

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13
Q

Ondansetron (MOA, Use, Tox)

A

5HT-3 antagonist (powerful central acting anti-emetic)

Control vomiting postoperatively in patients undergoing chemo

Can cause headache, constipation

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14
Q

Metoclopramide (MOA, Use, Tox)

A

D2 antagonist
(increase resting tone, contractility, LES tone, motility)

Diabetic and post surgery gastroparesis
Antiemetic

Causes parkinsonian effects, restlessness, drowsiness, fatigue, depression, nausea, diarrhea.
Drug interaction with DIGOXIN and DIABETIC AGENTS

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