Gastrointestinal Pharm EC Flashcards
Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine, Nizatidine (MOA, Use, Tox)
H2 blockers (decrease H+ secretion by parietal cells)
Peptic ulcer, gastritis, mild GERD
Cimetidine- potent P450 inhibitor and antiandrogen effects
Cimetidine and Ranitidine decrease creatinine excretion
Omeprazole, Lansoprazole, Esmoprazole, Pantoprazole, Dexlansoprazole (MOA, Use, Tox)
Irreversibly inhibit H/K ATPase in stomach parietal cells
Peptic ulcer, gastritis, GERD, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Increased risk for C. dif
Pneumonia
Hip fractures
Decrease serum Mg
Bismuth, Sucralfate (MOA, Use)
Bind to ulcer base and allow HCO3 secretion to reestablish pH gradient in mucosal layer
Ulcer healing
Traveler’s diarrhea
Misoprostol (MOA, Use, Tox)
PGE1 analog (increase gastric secretions and decrease acid production)
Prevention of NSAID-induced peptic ulcers Maintenance of PDA Induce labor (ripens cervix)
Diarrhea
Contraindicated in women who could be/become pregnant
Octreotide (MOA, Use, Tox)
Somatostatin analog
Acute variceal bleeds
Acromegaly
VIPoma
Carcinoid tumors
Nausea, cramps, steatorrhea
Aluminum hydroxide (Use and Tox)
Antacid
Constipation, hypophosphatemia, proximal muscle weakness, osteodystrophy, seizures
Magnesium hydroxide (Use and Tox)
Antacid (also osmotic laxative)
Diarrhea, hyporeflexia, hypotension, cardiac arrest
Calcium carbonate (Use and Tox)
Antacid
Hypercalcemia, rebound acid secretion
Chelate other drugs (tetracycline especially)
Magnesium hydroxide, Magnesium citrate, Polyethylene glycol, Lactulose (MOA, Use, Tox)
Osmotic laxatives - provide osmotic load to draw water
Treat constipation
Cause diarrhea, dehydration, may be abused in bulimics
Lactulose (MOA, Use, Tox)
Osmotic laxative
Treat hepatic encephalopathy (promote NH4 excretion)
Treat constipation
*degraded into Lactic and Acetic acid by gut flora before it can bind NH4)
Infliximab (MOA, Use, Tox)
Monoclonal antibody to TNF-alpha
Treats Crohns, Ulcerative colitis, Rheumatoid arthritis
Cause cause infection (esp reactivate TB)
Fever
Hypotension
Sulfasalazine (MOA, Use, Tox)
Sulfapyridine (antibacterial) and 5-aminosalicylic acid (anti-inflammatory)
activated by colonic bacteria
Treats Crohns, Ulcerative colitis
Malaise, nausea, sulfonamide toxicity, reversible oligospermia
Ondansetron (MOA, Use, Tox)
5HT-3 antagonist (powerful central acting anti-emetic)
Control vomiting postoperatively in patients undergoing chemo
Can cause headache, constipation
Metoclopramide (MOA, Use, Tox)
D2 antagonist
(increase resting tone, contractility, LES tone, motility)
Diabetic and post surgery gastroparesis
Antiemetic
Causes parkinsonian effects, restlessness, drowsiness, fatigue, depression, nausea, diarrhea.
Drug interaction with DIGOXIN and DIABETIC AGENTS