Nutrition for life stages (part 1) Flashcards
nutrition in boars influences what
libido
structural soundness
longevity
sperm production
semen quality
what group is most often overlooked in terms of nutrition requirements
boars
**often fed gestation diet
**limit fed
the primary goal for boars used in natural services is to minimize ________________ to allow boars to _____________
mature body weight
mate with smaller gilts/sows
overfeeding boars can impair ___________ and lead to ______ problems and decreased ___________
libido
reproductive
length of service
for natural service boars, is energy intake restricted
yes, slightly
still maintain high AA,vitamins, and minerals
the nutrition program for AI boars should be managed to
optimize sperm production and quality of semen
T/F there is a reduced emphasis placed on minimizing mature body size for AI boars compared to natural service
true
**doesnt matter since they use a mounting dummy
feeding low protien to AI boars leads to
low libido
too much fat causes what to happen in AI boars
harder to mount dummy
impact sperm production
T/F boars require the same minerals and vitamins in similar amounts as gestating sows
true
zinc and selenium are slightly elevated as they are directly involved in
sperm production
vitamin C in some cases is added to boar diets to help offset
negative effects of heat stress
what does zinc do for boars
role in testicular function and growth
what does selenium do for boars
impact sperm concentration and fertility
what do omega 3 fatty acids do for boars
positively influence boar fertility by improving sperm viability and motility
**alive longer, swim better
**add fish meal
this is a beta-adrenergic agonist that is approved for inclusion in finishing diets, increases fat free lean and can reduce fat deposition
ractopamine hydrochloride (paylean)
ractopamine hydrochloride (paylean) can increase fat free lean by how much
25-35%
Ractopamine hydrochloride is typically fed _______g/ton of complete swine finishing feed containing at least _______%CP for the last __________pounds of gain
4.5-9
16%
45-90 lbs
because of the increase protein deposition from ractopamine hydrochloride ___________ concentrations to support the ______________ need to be increases
amino acid
improvement of lean gain
how much of a return is there from ractopamine hydrochloride
$2/pig
advantages of ractopamine hydrochloride
increase ADG
increase lean gain
increase dressing %
lower backfat
better feed efficiency
fewer days on feed
disadvantages of ractopamine hydrochloride
meat less tender
increased heart rate (PSS)
more sensitive to rough handling
what countries does not allow their pork to have ractopamine hydrochloride
European union
Russia
china
pigs eat to ______________________
meet their energy requirements
if the diet is high in energy, by adding fat, pigs will
decrease their feed intake
if the energy density of the diet is diluted by feeding fibrous feedstuffs what will happen
pigs will consume more
a high energy will cause intake to decrease, therefore what needs to happen to nutrient concentration
need to be increased to maintain constant daily intake
a diet low in energy should contain ________________________ because feed intake will be increased
lower concentration of nutrients
what kind of diet is not recommended for finishers
low energy density diet
separate sex feeding will ________________________
more closely match nutrient concentration to the requirement of the pig
_______________ typically have a higher feed intake capacity without a larger potential for lean gain, thus diets should be fed that are somewhat lower in _________
barrows
amino acids
T/F gilts are fed an earlier phase diet than barrows at the same body weight
true
since gilts are fed an earlier phase diet than barrows at the same body weight, they can be fed a ______________________ for the first phase in the finisher, followed by ______________ for their first diet
more nutrient dense diet
the diet that barrows consumed
do gilts have a high capacity for lean gain
yes
barrows have a higher feed intake capacity, less lean gain, and diets lower in AA concentrations
does this mean they will consume more or less feed per day
more
phase feeding matches
diets with specific nutrient compositions to the growth of the pig
phase feeding matches
diets with specific nutrient compositions to the growth of the pig
phase feeding minimizes instances of
overfeeding
wasting costly ingredients
underfeeding
not meeting the nutritional requirements
phase feeding will reduce the overall
diet cost per day
each additional phase in phase feeding will improve
profitability
reduced nutrient excretion
Feeding high levels of a protein that pigs cant utilize causes
increase in nitrogen excretion
increases run-off problems
feeding low levels of a protein that pigs cant utilize causes
decreases rate of gain
increased time on feed
what kind of phase feeding is used most often
6 phase feeding program
SID lysine requirement is closest to what phase program
6 phase feeding program
what kind of phase feeding is used least often
2 phase feeding program
**doesn’t meet requirements
feed represents approx _______% of the total cost of production. Finishing pigs are fed ________
65-75
ad lib
why are finishing pigs fed ad lib
helps encourage them to eat as much as they want
= increase in gain/have high levels of ADG
the nutritional requirements __________ as the animal grows heavier due to changes in ___________________
decrease
maintenance requirement and the composition of growth
