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ASC 408G: Swine > EXAM 3: digestion and nutrition > Flashcards

EXAM 3: digestion and nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

% lysine of the diet for the following conditions:

pelleted feed
crowded pen
hot environment

A

pelleted feed: less (cant pick out specific ingredients)

crowded pen: more (less eating because of stress/competition)

hot environment: more (eat less because of heat)

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2
Q

barrows need a _________% of lysine than gilts after _______ pounds

A

less
55-75

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3
Q

leaner pigs need a ___________% of lysine than fatter pigs, same weight

A

greater

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4
Q

as a pig gets __________, their need for total lysine per day increases, but because the pig eats ________ feed per day, the lysine percentage of the diet ___________

A

heavier
more
decreases

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5
Q

the digestive tract of a pig includes 5 main things

A

mouth
esophagus
stomach
small intestine
large intestine

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6
Q

The mouth is the first part of the digestive system and contains three parts associated with digestion

A

teeth
tongue
salivary glands

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7
Q

what do the teeth do for digestion

A

Reduce particle size of ingested feed
chewing

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8
Q

what does the tongue do for digestion

A

push consumed feed towards the esophagus
generates saliva

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9
Q

what do the salivary glands do for digestion

A

sublingual, mandibular and parotid

create saliva (watery, mucus like) to moisten feed and has the enzyme amylase (break starch)

boars produce more saliva

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10
Q

straight muscular tube that transports feed from the mouth to the stomach by peristaltic waves

A

esophagus

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11
Q

where is the cardiac valve/sphincter

A

end of esophagus
prevents food from passing from the stomach back up the esophagus

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12
Q

pear shaped musclar organ that stores ingested feed, moves feed and secretes gastric juices

A

stomach

~2 gallons, pH= 2

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13
Q

as feed leaves the stomach is pass through the _____________ into the small intestine

A

pyloric sphincter

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14
Q

what does the stomach secrete

A

HCl
digestive enzyme: pepsin (protein –> polypeptide)
mucus

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15
Q

where majority if digestion and absorption of nutrients occurs

A

small intestine

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16
Q

what are the three parts of the small intestine

A

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

**2.5 gallons, 60 ft long (surface area/allow time to digest)

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17
Q

role of the duodenum

A

first section of SI

mix with secretions from pancreas, bile and enzymes

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18
Q

role of the jejunum

A

middle
further breakdown

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19
Q

role of the ileum

A

final section
nutrient absorption continues

20
Q

what four things does the pancreas produce/secrete

A

lipase= break fat
trypsin= break protein
amylase= break starch
chymotrypsin= break peptide

21
Q

what 3 sections is the large intestine made up of

A

cecum
colon
rectum

22
Q

the large intestine is important for

A

water absorption from ingesta
secrete some mineral elements
stores undigested material
source of limited microbial activity

23
Q

role of cecum

A

2 sections: blind end and section that connects to the colon

makes from VFA and B vitamins

24
Q

role of colon

A

largest portion of LI

major role in water absorption

form feces

25
Q

role of the rectum

A

final portion
straight tube that excretes waste

26
Q

feed cost upwards of __________% of total production cost

A

75+

27
Q

factors that influence nutrition include

A

genetics
environment (temp, humid, weather)
herd health
management practices
feed processing (pellet vs. meal)
feed quality
feed ingredients
feed additives

28
Q

as pigs get heavier they eat _______ feed per day

A

more

29
Q

fatter pigs (less lean) eat _________ feed per day than lean pigs

A

more

30
Q

barrows eat ______ feed per day than gilts, after _________pounds

A

more
55

**up to 55 boar, gilt, barrow= eat same

31
Q

pigs that eat _________ feed per day grow faster than pigs who eat less

A

more

32
Q

feed intake is controlled by _________________ of feed

A

energy density

high in fat= low intake

low in energy= high intake

33
Q

pigs growth rate increases rapidly until __________ pounds, increases more slowly until _________ and then declines

A

35-40
150 (still gain, efficiency and ADG declines)

34
Q

the growth rate of fatter pigs peaks at _______ weight than leaner pigs

A

lighter

35
Q

muscle deposition rate peaks at _________ pounds for lean pigs and ___________ for fat pigs

A

150
120-130

36
Q

T/F barrows grow slower than gilts

A

false

37
Q

as a pig gets heavier it takes _______feed/gain

A

more

38
Q

fat pigs require _______ feed per gain than lean pigs at the same weight

A

more

39
Q

barrows require __________ feed per gain than gilts

A

more

40
Q

cold pigs require _______ feed per gain than normal temp

A

more

41
Q

sick pigs require ______ feed per fain than normal pigs

A

more

42
Q

limit fed pigs require _____ feed per gain than ad lib fed pigs

A

less

43
Q

a typical finishing diet has 5 main ingredients

A

corn (energy)
soybean meal (protien)
ground limestone (calcium)
dicalcium phosphate (phosphorus/ calcium)
salt (sodium chloride)

44
Q

muscle or lean has a large percentage of protein. The building blocks of protein are

A

amino acids

45
Q

what are the essential amino acids

A

methionine
arginine
threonine
tryptophan
histidine
isoleucine
lysine
leucine
valine
phenylalanine

46
Q

what is the first limiting AA

A

lysine

47
Q

what AA’s are we concerned with in early nursery diets

A

isoleucine
methionine

Because of blood meal and plasma protien

ASC 408G: Swine (37 decks)

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