Exam 2: Health and Disease (Neuro-Other diseases) Flashcards
a highly contagious, viral disease which can spread rapidly in swine herds
Found in Africa and Asia, currently not in the U.S
African Swine Fever (ASF)
what ages can/are affected by african swine fever
all ages are effected, experiencing high mortality
Ways of transmission for African swine fever
secretions
feeding contaminated pork to pigs
fomites
ticks and other blood sucking insects
symptoms of African Swine Fever (ASF)
high fever**
red blotchy skin that turns to black lesions**
diarrhea
abortion
coughing
death (100%)
**= main symptoms
prevention for African swine fever
biosecurity
follow feed regulations (pigs should NEVER be fed raw/undercooked pork products)
how fast after contracting ASF will/can a pig be dead
~48 hrs
T/F there is a treatment for ASF
False
a viral neurological disease that only occurs in swine in Mexico
Porcine Rubulavirus (blue eye disease)
when is Porcine Rubulavirus (blue eye disease) most commonly seen
hot, dry months
__________ infected pigs are the main reservoir of Porcine Rubulavirus (blue eye disease)
subclinical
symptoms of Porcine Rubulavirus (blue eye disease)
corneal opacity (young pigs, rare)
tremors
fever
coughing
repro failure
transmission of Porcine Rubulavirus (blue eye disease)
secretion
people (clothing)
fomites
prevention for Porcine Rubulavirus (blue eye disease)
biosecurity
is there treatment or a vaccine for Porcine Rubulavirus (blue eye disease)
NO
what type of pig are we specifically worried about introducing Porcine Rubulavirus (blue eye disease) into the U.S
feral pigs that will cross the border
younger the animal results in a (higher or lower) mortality
higher
viral disease in swine characterized by 3 overlapping symptoms
pseudorabies (Aujeszky disease)
Pseudorabies (Aujeszky disease) creates lesions in which 3 systems of the body
central nervous system
respiratory system
reproductive system
Pseudorabies (Aujeszky disease) was eradicated from the commercial pigs industry in __________, but remains in _______ swine populations
2004
feral
transmission of pseudorabies (Aujeszky disease)
oral nasal
placental transmission
is there a vaccine/ treatment for pseudorabies (Aujeszky disease)
NO
symptoms of Pseudorabies (Aujeszky disease)
foaming of the mouth
fever
blindness
convulsions
sneezing
coughing
repro
Nursing pigs= very high mortality rate (~100%) with death occurring 1-3days
how soon do pigs 10wks to market weight recover from pseudorabies (Aujeszky disease)
7-10days
The predominant streptococcal disease in swine is caused by ________________________ and is usually seen in nursing or recently weaned pigs
streptococcus suis (most common)
This disease is characterized by septicemia, acute meningitis, polyarthritis and brnchopneumonia
streptococcal infection: streptococcus suis
T/F streptococcus suis (most common) is zooinotic
TRUE
occurs occasionally in people who work with pigs or handle meat
caused localized infections, arthritis, septicemia and even death
does streptococcus suis have a high mortality rate in pigs
YES
symptoms of streptococcal infection
stretched out on side paddling
tremors
blindness
swollen joints
lameness
prevention of streptococcal infection
vaccine
biosecurity
treatment for streptococcal infection
antibiotics
** some strains are resistant to antibiotics
(NOT EFFECTIVE once CNS is involved/shot)
transmission of streptococcal infection
oral nasal (passes through the tonsils)
secretions (gets into wounds)
vecto (fly=5days)
streptococcus suis survives in ______ and _______ in the pigs environment
dust
feces
This causes inflammation of the tissues and turbinate bones of the snout inside the nasal passageway
turbinate bones in the snout become damaged resulting in shrinkage or distortion
atrophic rhinitis
what are the two forms of atrophic rhinitis
mild, non-progressive (common)
Progression (PAR) VERY SERIOUS
what causes atrophic rhinitis
poor ventilation
dusty atmosphere
low humidity
high bacterial counts in the air
high levels or aerosols/ammonia
PRRS
symptoms of atrophic rhinitis
MILD: sneezing and nasal discharge
PAR: bloody nose, disfigured snout, tear-stained face, difficulty eating
prevention for atrophic rhinitis
Vaccine if it is prevalent in herd
**most don’t vaccinate because it isn’t financially necessary
treatment for atrophic rhinitis
antibiotics
infectious disease of growing and mature swine, zoonotic and causes Erysipeloid in humans
Erysipelas
Bacteria is always present in swine or the environment.
a localized skin infection that occurs in people who work with infected animals, processed meats, or animal by-products
Erysipeloid
transmission of Erysipelas
secretion (fecal and nasal)
contaminated feed and water
symptoms of Erysipelas
really high fever (104-108)
reddening or cyanotic skin
small raised diamond/square rash that is red then turns black
swollen joints
repro failure
prevention of Erysipelas
vaccination
biosecurity
quarantine new animals
treatment for Erysipelas
antibiotics (penicillin)
erosion and ulceration of the lining of the stomach
common in all pigs
gastric ulcers
Gastric ulcers can lead to ____________ which can lead to anemia/death
hemorrhaging
in growing pigs,_______% show gastric ulcers at slaughter
60%
What causes gastric ulcers in swine
diet composition
size of feed particles ** common reason
irregular feed
temp fluctuating
high stock rates
stress
what kind of feed can cause ulcers
too fine in size
low protein
low fiber
high energy
more than 55% wheat
high mineral content
low zinc, vitamin E and selenim
symptoms of gastric ulcers
pale
grinding teeth
dark feces (blood)
vomiting
diarrhea
treatment for gastric ulcers
feed highly digestable materials (whey, coarse grain)
vitamin E injections
____________ are most often a result of cold stress (piling for warmth), transportation stress, severe coughing, or constipation
rectal prolapses
examples of diets that can cause rectal prolapses
high levels of whey
DDGS
low fiber
treatment for rectal prolapse
surgical amputation
rectal tubes
**if in a replacement gilt=cull
what kind of pigs often exhibit atrophic rhinitis
outdoor pigs
what are the zoonotic diseases we talked about
swine flu
lepto
ringworm
erysipelas
