exam 3: nutrition principles (vitamins) Flashcards
These are required for normal metabolic function, development of normal tissues (fetal development), health, growth, repro, and maintenance
vitamins
vitamin needs are critical because of _____________ housing
confinement
what are the two groups of vitamins
fat-soluble
water- soluble
T/F pigs raised in pasture have more access to vitamins
true
list the fat-soluble vitamins
A,D,E,K
fat soluble vitamins are mainly involved in
tissue development
calcium and phosphorus metabolism
antioxidant defense
clotting time
this vitamins is essential for vision, reproduction and tissue development
vitamin A
an animal is experiencing blindness, incoordination, repro failure, and a low growth rate
what vitamin is this animal deficient in
vitamin A
An animal has scaly skin, rough hair coat and incoordination
what vitamin toxicity is this animal experiencing
vitamin A
this vitamin is considered the most important fat-soluble vitamin, essential for calcium and phosphorus absorption, and plays a role in bone mineralization
vitamin D
an animal has rickets (or osteoporosis=old) which leads to lameness and fractures
what vitamin is this animal deficient in
vitamin D
an animal is experiencing mineralization of soft tissues like the heart, lungs etc
what vitamin toxicity is this animal experiencing
vitamin D
this vitamin is important for antioxidant defense and works with selenium
vitamin E
an animal has white muscle disease, mulberry heart disease, impaired reproduction and may experience sudden death
what vitamin is this animal deficient in
vitamin E
this vitamin is essential for blood clotting
vitamin K
an animal is experiencing prolonged blood clotting and hemorrhages
what vitamin is this animal deficient in
vitamin K
the ___________ vitamins are water-soluble vitamins and are required as ________ in several metabolic processes
B-complex
co-enzymes
what are the B vitamins added to swine diets
pantothenic acid
riboflavin
niacin
vitamin B12
This vitamin is an important component of enzymes involved in the metabolism of protein, carbs, and fat
pantothenic acid OR riboflavin
an animal has low growth rates, low feed intake, a rough hair coat, diarrhea, repro failure, and goose-stepping (also called gait)
what vitamin is this animal deficient in
pantothenic acid
an animal has low growth rates, low feed intake, a rough hair coat, hair loss, skin lesions, diarrhea, and repro failure
what vitamin is this animal deficient in
riboflavin
this water soluble vitamin is a component of enzymes involved in many metabolic reactions.
Its deficiency is characterized by skin lesions, rough hair, hair loss (sometimes all of it), diarrhea, vomiting and lesions in the digestive tract
niacin
this vitamin is an essential component of enzymes involved in several metabolic functions and a good source is animal proteins
vitamin B12
an animal has low growth rates, poor feed intake, rough hair, incoordination and reproductive failure, as well as anemia
what water-soluble vitamin is this animal deficient in
vitamin B12
what are the vitamins added to gestating sow diets due to their impact on reproductive performance
“prenatal vitamins”
folic acid
pyridoxine
choline
biotin
important for adequate development of fetuses, improves litter sizes and number born
folic acid
improves litter size and reduces wean-to-estrus interval
pyridoxine
improves conception rates, farrowing rates, litter size, number born alive and number weaned
choline
improves litter size, number born alive, number weaned and enhances hoof soundness
biotin
