NUTRION Flashcards
refers to the process by which substances in food
are transformed into body tissues and provide energy for
the full range of physical and mental activities that make up
human life.
Nutrition
o (simple or complex)
o protein sparing, stored in both liver and muscle.
Carbohydrates
o for normal growth and development; stored in
muscle, skin, bone, blood, cartilage and lymph
tissue.
Proteins
o important part of a healthy, well-balanced diet.
Stored in adipose cells and are classified as
triglycerides.
Fats
o fat-like substance that the liver produces.
- Cholesterol
o essential in promoting growth and maintaining
health
Minerals
Water accounts for ___ of body weight.
50%- 75%
- certain diseases, disorders, or lifestyle
behaviors can place clients at risk for undernutrition or
malnutrition.
Malnutrition
- defined as excessive body fat in relation to lean
body mass.
Obesity
measure clients height by
L shape measuring
BMI CALCU
W KG/ H meter ^2 = bmi
W p/ H in^2 = x 703 = bmi
extreme tallness is seen in
gigantism and marfan syndrome
visceral fat stores located mainly around waist
android obesity
extrteme shortness in
achondroplastic dwarfism and turner syndrome
ideal bmi
18.5 - 24.9
excessive fat deep within the abdominal cavity known as
visceral fat,
visceral fat stores located mainly hips and thighs
gynoid obesity
healthier to be shape
pear or apple
pear
what is normal in waist to hip ratio
W less or equal to 80
M less or equal to 90
MAC standard
25/28.5 = 88%
MAC M F STANDARD REFRENCE
M = 29.3 - 26.3 - 17.6
F = 28.5 - 26.7 - 17.1
TSF ( triceps skinfold thickness) standard reference
15mm/16.5 mm = 91%
TSF STANDARD REFERENCE FOR M n F
M = 13.5
F = 16.5
protein calorie malnutrition
marasmus
protein malnutrition
kwashiorkok
TSF ABNORMALITY
ABOVE 130%
LESS THAN 60%
is derived from MAC and TSF
MAMC
MAMC formula
MAC - (0.314 x TSF)
standard MAMC
M 25.3 cm
F 23.2 cm
MAMC malnutrition
MILD-
MODERATE -
SEVERE -
90-99%
60-90%
<60%
ELEVATED PULSE RATE and BP indicates
overhydration
pitting edema
fluid retention
radial pulse rate of +1 indicate
dehydratyion
tenting can inflate
fluid loss
asses venous filling how long does it fill and empty
3-5 sec
firm neck veins indicate
distension, fluid retention
flat veins in neck indicate
dehydration
auscultate lung sounds
loud or harsh breath sound =
crackling =
dehydration
increase fluid
SBAR meaning
Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation
swollen belly
Kwashiorkor
bitot spot in the temporal interpalpebral fissure
Conjunctival and corneal xerosis
Kerato Malacia
Vitamin A difficiency
Cheilosis and angular stomatitis
Magenta tounge
Riboflavin Deficiency
Early stage with brown mottling that is most marked on upper central incisor
flurosis
white spots on the nails can be caused by a deficiency of
zinc deficiency
Angular Stomatitis or Angular cheiletus or perleche. This common inflammatory condition of angle of the mouth can be cause by
vitamin b 12 deficiency
the loss of papillae in pernicious anemia causes the tongue to be smooth, usually most marked along the edges. the tongue also may be red and painful. Occasionally, red patches are observed on the edges of the dorsum of the tounge
Smooth tounge
