Classification of Nutrients

Question 1

Nutrients are classified according to the following:

Those that form tissues in the body are body-building nutrients while those
that furnish heat and energy are fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.

Answer 1

1. Function

Question 2

Nutrients are classified according to the following:

Nutrients are classified are either organic or inorganic

Answer 2

Chemical properties

Question 3

Nutrients are classified according to the following:

Nutrients are classified based on their significant contribution to the body’s
physiological functioning.

Answer 3

3. Essentiality

Question 4

Nutrients are classified according to the following:

Nutrients are either in;
a. large amounts (____)
b. in little amounts (____)

Answer 4

high nutrient density

low nutrient density

4. Concentration

Question 5

3. Essentiality

– nutrients required for human life; cannot be synthesized
by the body, must be consumed in food.

Answer 5

a. Essential –

Question 6

3. Essentiality

– nutrients that the body can synthesize, need not be
directly obtained from food

Answer 6

. Nonessential

Question 7

are nutrients that provide calories or energy and are required in large
amounts to maintain body functions and carry out the activities of daily life

Answer 7

Macronutrients

Question 8

carb intake men

Answer 8

200 to 330 g/-day

Question 9

carb intake womenm

Answer 9

180 to 230 g/day

Question 10

provide energy for cellular work, and help to regulate protein
and fat metabolism. They are essential for normal cardiac and central
nervous system (CNS) functioning.

Answer 10

Carbohydrates

Question 11

As complex carbohydrates are ingested and broken down, they are easily
absorbed in the intestine and into the bloodstream where they are stored in
the____ and ___ for energy needs.

Answer 11

liver and muscles

Question 12

__ carbohydrates together with fats and protein add bulk
to food and provide energy and other benefits to the body

Answer 12

Digestible

Question 13

____ carbohydrates – includes most of the fibers in food,
yield little or no energy but provide other important benefit.

Answer 13

Indigestible

Question 14

is the stored carbohydrate energy source found in the liver and
muscles. It is a vital source of backup energy.

Answer 14

Glycogen i

Question 15

Carbohydrates provide____cal/g of energy

Answer 15

4

Question 16

___ is categorized as a carbohydrate, but it does not yield energy for the
body

Answer 16

Fiber

Question 17

• derived from inside plant cells and decreases
  cholesterol, regulates blood glucose levels, and increases satiety

Answer 17

Soluble fiber -

Question 18

– derived from structural parts of plants that
promote regularity and decreased risk of cancer and diverticular
diseases. (sources: wheat bran and nuts)

Answer 18

Insoluble fiber

Question 19

Carbohydrates are divided into three groups:

Answer 19

monosaccharides, disaccharides,
and polysaccharides.

Question 20

is the process in which protein is converted to
glucose.

Answer 20

Gluconeogenesis

Question 21

Glucose

Answer 21

(dextrose) or blood sugar

Question 22

Fructose

Answer 22

(levulose) is the sweetest of simple sugars.

Question 23

Fructose
Source:

Answer 23

honey, most fruits, and some vegetables

Question 24

Fructose
Function:

Answer 24

It is converted into glucose in the body.

Question 25

Galactose Source:

Answer 25

milk sugar broken down

Question 26

Galactose Function:

Answer 26

It is converted into glucose in the body.

Question 27

Or double sugars are made up of 2 monosaccharides

Answer 27

Disaccharides

Question 28

Disaccharides They are sweet and, unlike monosaccharides, they must be changed to simple sugars by ____ before they can be absorbed.

Answer 28

hydrolysis

Question 29

Sucrose

Answer 29

(ordinary table sugar – granulated, powdered, or brown).

Question 30

Sucrose Source:

Answer 30

fruits, sugar beets vegetables, sugar cane, and sweet food production

Question 31

Sucrose function:

Answer 31

It is converted into glucose and galactose upon digestion. It is composed of glucose and fructose

Question 32

It is composed of glucose and fructose.

Answer 32

sucrose

Question 33

Lactosee (

Answer 33

milk sugar) glucose+galactose

Question 34

Lactose source

Answer 34

milk

Question 35

Lactose function

Answer 35

It is converted into glucose and galactose in digestion and is less soluble and less sweet than sucrose. It remains in the intestine longer than other sugars and encourages the growth of certain useful bacteria

Question 36

Maltose

Answer 36

is produced by hydrolysis of starch. Glucose+glucose

Question 37

Maltose source

Answer 37

sweeteners, certain infant formulas, beer, malt beverage products.

Question 38

Maltose function

Answer 38

It is converted into glucose in digestion.

Question 39

Are composed of many molecules of simple sugars. They are commonly known as complex sugars.

Answer 39

Polysaccharides

Question 40

is the most significant polysaccharides in human nutrition.

Answer 40

Starch

Question 41

starch source

Answer 41

cereal grains, root vegetables, legumes

Question 42

starch function

Answer 42

It is converted entirely into glucose upon digestion. Energy storage – it supplies energy over a longer period of time

Question 43

Cellulose f

Answer 43

forms the framework of plants found in unrefined grains, vegetables, and fruits. It is non-digestible by humans

Question 44

Cellulose Source:

Answer 44

Soluble – fruits, legumes, barleys, oats Insoluble – wheat brans, corn brans, whole grain breads, cereals, and vegetables

Question 45

Cellulose Function

Answer 45

Digestive aid (fiber) Soluble - delay gastrointestinal transit and glucose absorption, and lower blood cholesterol. Insoluble – accelerate gastrointestinal transit, increase fecal weight, slow down starch hydrolysis, and delay glucose absorption.

Question 46

4. Pectins

Answer 46

are non-digestible, colloidal polysaccharides having a gel quality.

Question 47

Pectins Source

Answer 47

mostly fruits and are often used as based of jellies

Question 48

Pectins Function

Answer 48

Use to treat diarrhea as they absorb toxins and bacteria in the intestine. Bind cholesterol reducing the amount the blood can absorb.

Question 49

5. Glycogens

Answer 49

(animal starch) are formed from glucose and stored in liver and muscle tissues and helps to sustain glucose levels.

Question 50

Glycogens source

Answer 50

meats and seafoods

Question 51

Glycogens function

Answer 51

Converted entirely into glucose upon digestion. The hormones glucagons help the liver convert glycogen into glucose every time the body needs energy