anaphy 6 Flashcards
Components of Skeletal System
Bones
Cartilages
Tendons
Ligaments
Functions of the Skeletal System
Body support
Organ protect
Body movement
Mineral storage
Blood cell production
Bone, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments of the skeletal system are all ___ tissues.
connective
is a fibrous protein that provides flexibility but resists pulling or compression
Collagen
Matrix ground substance contains ____ which are water trapping proteins that help cartilage to be smooth and resilient.
proteoglycans
The extracellular matrix of tendons and ligaments contains large amounts of _____, making these structures very tough, like ropes or cables.
collagen fibers
Bone matrix is about ___ organic and ____ inorganic material by weight.
35%. 65%
The organic material is primarily _______ and _______
collagen and proteoglycans
The inorganic material is primarily a calcium phosphate crystal called ______
hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2.
_____ lend flexible strength to the bone
Collagen fibers
The _____ component gives bone compression (weight-bearing) strength.
mineral
_____ are responsible for the formation of bone and the repair and remodeling of bone.
Osteoblasts
Osteoblasts produce _
collagen and proteoglycans.
Osteoblasts also secrete high concentrations of Ca2+ and phosphate ions, forming crystals called
hydroxyapatite.
The formation of new bone by osteoblasts is called
ossification.
are cells that maintain bone matrix and form from osteoblast after bone matrix has surrounded it.
Osteocytes
Osteocytes account for _% of bone cells and are very long-lived.
90–95
Osteocyte cell bodies are housed within the bone matrix in spaces called ____
Their cell extensions are housed in narrow, long spaces called ___
lacunae. canaliculi.
are bone-destroying cells.
Osteoclasts
They contribute to bone repair and remodeling by removing existing bone, called bone reabsorption
Osteoclasts
As bone is broken down, the ___ goes into the blood.
Ca2+
Mature bone is called _. It is organized into thin, concentric sheets or layers, called
lamellar bone, lamellae.
___has less bone matrix and more space than ____, which has more bone matrix and less space.
Spongy bone ., compact bone
Spongy bone consists of interconnecting rods or plates of bone called
trabeculae.
Between the trabeculae are spaces, which in life are filled with
bone marrow and blood vessels.
, is the solid, outer layer surrounding each bone.
Compact bone, or cortical bone
The functional unit of compact bone is an _____. It is composed of concentric rings of matrix surrounding a central canal.
osteon
____ are concentric rings of bone matrix which surround the central canal.
Lamellae
Osteocytes are located in spaces called _____ between the lamellar rings.
lacunae
Small tunnels called ____radiate between lacunae across the lamellae.
canaliculi
____ connect osteocytes to one another, transport nutrients and remove waste.
____Canaliculi