micro [para Flashcards
Parts of Microscope and Function
Magnifying Parts
Eyepiece (ocular lens)
Objective lenses
The part that is looked through
at the top of the compound microscope. Eyepieces typically have a
magnification between 5x & 30x.
Eyepiece (ocular lens)
provides the most powerful magnification,
with a whopping magnification total of 1000x when combined with a 10x
eyepiece. (special low auto-fluorescence oil like cedar wood oil)
oil immersion
Mechanical Parts
Arm
Nosepiece
Base:
Coarse and fine adjustment controls
Stage height adjustment
Specimen or slide
Stage or Platform
Stage clips or mechanical stage
Supports the microscope head and attaches it
to the base.
Arm:
Holds the objective lenses & attaches
them to the microscope head. This part rotates to
change which objective lens is active.
Nosepiece
Bottom base of the microscope that houses
the illumination & supports the compound
microscope.
Base:
Adjusts the
focus of the microscope. These knobs increase or
decrease the level of detail seen when looking at the
slide or specimen through the eyepiece of the
compound microscope.
Coarse and fine adjustment controls
Adjusts the position of
the mechanical stage vertically & horizontally. It is
important to adjust these knobs so that the
objective lens is never coming into contact with
the slide or specimen on the stage.
stage height adjustment.
hold the specimen in place
along with slide covers for viewing.
Specimen or slide
which the specimen or slide
are placed. The height of the mechanical stage is
adjustable on most compound microscopes.
Stage or Platform
hold the slide in
place on the mechanical stage.
Stage clips or mechanical stage
lluminating Parts
Aperture - Disc or Iris Diaphragm
Abbe Condenser
Mirror
Illumination
Bottom Lens or Field Diaphragm
Parfocal
Parfocalling
Field of view microscope-
Working distance
Circular opening in the stage
where the illumination from the base of the compound
microscope reaches the platform of the stage.
Aperture - Disc or Iris Diaphragm
This lens condenses the light from the base
illumination and focuses it onto the stage. This piece of the
compound microscope sits below the stage & typically acts as a
structural support that connects the stage to arm or frame of the
microscope.
Abbe Condenser:
Reflects light into the base of the microscope. Earlier
microscopes used mirrors that reflected light into the base of the
microscope instead of halogen bulbs as their source of
illuminationV
Mirror
Light used to illuminate the slide or specimen from
the base of the microscope. Low voltage halogen bulbs are the
most commonly used source of illumination for compound
microscopes.
Illumination
Knob used to adjust the amount
of light that reaches the specimen or slide from the base
illumination.
Bottom Lens or Field Diaphragm
refers to objectives that can be changed
with minimal or no refocusing.
Parfocal
The area you see under
the microscope for a particular magnification.
Field of view microscope-
-distance between the front
edge of the objective lens and the specimen
surface (with the surface of the cover glass in
case of the cover glass objective lens) when the
specimen is focused.
Working distance
Bacillus subtilis
rod-shaped and Gram-positive
Spirillum sp
Spiral shaped, gram-
negative
PROTOZOANS
Amoeba proteus
Paramecium
Streptococcus pyogenes
short chains, diplococci and single cocci
Gram-positive bacteria
staphylococcus-aureus
Gram-postive, cocci,
grape-like
ALGAE
Spirogyra
Volvox
is movement caused by the
molecules in a liquid striking/hitting against
the particles of an object (eg. Microorganisms)
leading to shaking and vibration
Brownian motility
is the deliberate/ self-propelled
movement of the organism using its own
features such as flagella,pili/fimbriae.
True motility
Gram Positive Bacteria:
Actinomyces, Bacillus, Clostridium,
Corynebacterium, Enterococcus, Gardnerella, Lactobacillus,
Listeria, Mycoplasma, Nocardia, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus,
Streptomyces
Gram Negative Bacteria:
Escherichia
coli (E.coli),
Salmonella
Shigella
Enterobacteriaceae
Pseudomonas
Moraxella
Helicobacter
Stenotrophomonas
Bdellovibrio,
acetic acid bacteria,
Legionella etc
