HA

Question 1

→ a systematic; rational method of planning and providing
individualized nursing care.

Answer 1

NURSING PROCESS

Question 2

NURSING PROCESS
→ organized, systematic, goal oriented, humanistic care

Answer 2

(Lydia
Hall)

Question 3

→ discipline-specific
→ reflective reasoning process
→ PURPOSE:
✔ Guides a nurse in generating, implementing, and
evaluating approaches for dealing with client care and
professional concerns.

Answer 3

CRITICAL THINKING

Question 4

→ comprehensive assessment of one’s health status

Answer 4

HEALTH ASSESSMENT

Question 5

HEALTH ASSESSMENT
→ PRIMARY COMPONENTS:

Answer 5

✔ Nursing Health History
✔ Physical Assessment

Question 6

→ systematic and continuous collection, organization,
validation, and documentation of data
→ a continuous process carried out during all phases of the
nursing process
→ all phases of the nursing process depend on the accurate and
complete collection of data

Answer 6

ASSESSMENT

Question 7

FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED DURING
INTERVIEW

Answer 7

 Time
 Place
 seating arrangement
 Distance
 Language

Question 8

is a
systematic data collection method that uses observation

Answer 8

→ Physical examination or Physical assessmen

Question 9

→ nurse uses a written (or computerized) format that organizes
the assessment data systematically in the form of:
 nursing health history
 nursing assessment
 nursing database form

Answer 9

2. ORGANIZING DATA

Question 10

→ act of “double-checking” or verifying data to confirm
that it is accurate andfactual
 complete
 factual
 accurate

Answer 10

3. VALIDATION OF DATA

Question 11

→ must be accurate
→ Factual manner and not as interpreted by the nurse
→ Subjective data - virbatim

Answer 11

DOCUMENTING DATA: RECORDING OF DATA

Question 12

→ a basic structure underlying a process, system, concept,
or text

Answer 12

FRAMEWORK

Question 13

TYPES OF FRAMEWORKS
→ a framework that medical practitioners commonly use as
it focuses more on the pathophysiology involved within
specific organ body systems
→ maybe used during the focused assessment of an acutely
or critically ill client

Answer 13

BODY SYSTEM FRAMEWORK

Question 14

TYPES OF FRAMEWORKS
→ System data in an organized manner: head to toe
→ Used to improve efficiency and expedite the actual
physical examination

Answer 14

CEPHALOCAUDAL FRAMEWORK

Question 14

TYPES OF FRAMEWORKS
→ Evaluates the effects of mind, body and environment in
relation to a person’s ability to perform the ADLs
→ Data collection in terms of Gordon’s 11 Functional
Health Patterns
GORDON’S 11 Functional Areas:

Answer 14

FUNCTIONAL HEALTH FRAMEWORK

Question 15

→ a disciplined, creative and reflective approach used
together with critical thinking

Answer 15

CLINICAL REASONING

Question 16

→ a purposeful, goal-directed thinking process that strives
to problem solve patient care issues through the use of
clinical reasoning
→ It combines logic, intuition, and creativity

Answer 16

CRTICAL THINKING IN HEALTH ASSESSMENT

Question 17

COMPONENTS OF CRITICAL THINKIN
→ decode hidden messages, clarify the meaning of the
information, categorize the information
→ (categorization, clarifying meaning)
→ Nursing Practice Application:
✔ Be systematic in data collection. Look for patterns to
categorizedata you are uncertain about.

Answer 17

. INTERPRETATION

Question 18

COMPONENTS OF CRITICAL THINKING’
→ ideas and data presented, identifies any discrepancies,
and reflects on the reason for the discrepancies
→ Nursing Practice Application:
✔ Be open-minded as you look at information about a
client. Do not make careless assumptions. Do the data
reveal what you believe is true, or are there other
options? Look for patterns to categorize data you are
uncertain about.

Answer 18

ANALYSIS

Question 19

COMPONENTS OF CRITICAL THINKING
→ speculates, derives, or reasons a specific premise based
on information and assumptions obtained from the patient;
can be challenging skill for the novice nurse because a
certain level of knowledge and experience must be
possessed in order to draw conclusions and provide
alternatives in any given scenario (examining evidence,
speculating or conjecturing alternatives, making
conclusions)

Answer 19

INFERENCE

Question 20

COMPONENTS OF CRITICAL THINKING
→ requires that the conclusions drawn from the inferences
are cored and can be justified.
→ The use of scientific and nursing literature constitutes the
basis for clinical justification
→ (stating results, justifying procedures)
→ Nursing Practice Application:
✔ Support your findings and conclusions. Use
knowledge to select strategies you use in the care of
clients.

Answer 20

EXPLANATION

Question 21

COMPONENTS OF CRITICAL THINKINGG
→ examines the validity of the information and hypothesis;
this leads to a final conclusion that can be implemented.
→ (assessing results, assessing arguments)
→ Nursing Practice Application:
✔ Look at all situations objectively. Use criteria (e.g.
expected outcomes, pain characteristics, learning
objectives) to determine results of nursing actions.
Reflect on your own behavior.

Answer 21

EVALUATION

Question 22

COMPONENTS OF CRITICAL THINKING
→ key component to the critical thinking process; the nurse
reflects on the critical thinking skills that were employed
and determines which techniques were effective and which
were problematic.
→ (self-examination, self-correction)
→ Nursing Practice Application:
✔ Reflect on your experience. Identify in what way you
can improve your performance. What will make you
feel that you have been successful?

Answer 22

SELF-REGULATION

Question 23

→ Delivery of health-care services across a distance utilizing
ICT.
→ Digital transmission of medical imaging, remote medical
diagnosis and evaluation and video consultations with specialist

Answer 23

TELEMEDICINE/ TELEHEALTH

Question 24

→ encompasses all of promotive and preventive as well as
curative care.

Answer 24

TELEHEALTH

Question 25

→ allows healthcare providers, such as nurse practitioners,
to speak “face-to-face” with patients. It is best used for
consulting, conducting mental health evaluations, and
diagnosing basic ailments.

Answer 25

1. VIDEO CONFERENCING

Question 26

→ allows healthcare providers to read scans, watch prerecorded videos of patients, and review charts from just
about anywhere.

Answer 26

2. DIGITAL TRANSMISSION

Question 27

→ designed to monitor a patient’s medical issues, such as
blood pressure, blood sugar, heartrate, etc.; can help
healthcare providers track patient health data without the
need for numerous appointments.

Answer 27

REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING (RPM)

Question 28

→ Smartphones and tablet technology allow patients to use
apps that provide health information and track health
choices, such as calorie intake and exercise.

Answer 28

4. MOBILE HEALTH

Question 29

→ A process in telecommunications whereby information is
sent to an intermediate station and stored there for subsequent
transmission to its final destination or another intermediate
station at a later time.

Answer 29

Store-and-forward (asynchronous)

Question 30

→ method of gathering information from the client
→ Effective interviewing skills are vital for accurate and
thorough collection of subjective data.

Answer 30

INTERVIEW

Question 31

→ “the exchange of information or news”
→ “the means of connection between people or places”

Answer 31

COMMUNICATION

Question 32

SKILLS REQUIRED FOR A GOOD INTERVIEW

Answer 32

 Professional
 Interpersonal
 Interviewing

Question 33

→ usually requires a complete health history

Answer 33

COLLECTING SUBJECTIVE DATA

Question 34

1. COLDSPAR

Answer 34

C haracter O nset
L ocation
D uration
S everity
P attern
A ssociated Factors
R elieving Factors

Question 35

. PQRST

Answer 35

P rovocation/ Palliation
Q uality/ Quantity
R egion/ Radiation
S everity
T iming

Question 36

→ are defined as certain “physiological complications that
nurses monitor to detect their onset or changes in status”
(Carpenito, 2012).

Answer 36

COLLABORATIVE PROBLEMS

Question 37

→ It forms the database for the entire nursing process and
provides data for all other members of the health care team.
Thorough and accurate documentation is vital to ensure that
valid conclusions are made when the data are analyzed in the
second step of the nursing process.

Answer 37

DOCUMENTATION OF DATA

Question 38

→ It serves to ensure that the assessment process is not ended
before all relevant data have been collected, and helps to
prevent documentation of inaccurate data. What types of
assessment data should be validated, the different ways to
validate data, and identifying areas where data are missing are
all parts of the process.

Answer 38

VALIDATING DAT

Question 39

→ occur because nurses assess the “whole” (physical,
psychological, social, cultural, and spiritual) client, often
identifying problems that require the assistance of other health
care professionals

Answer 39

REFERRALS

Question 40

FACTORS AFFECTING HEALTH ASSESSMENT:

Answer 40

 Culture
 Spirituality
 Family
 Community

Question 41

→ is the process of confirming or verifying that the subjective
and objective data you have collected are reliable and accurate.

Answer 41

VALIDATING DATA