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2C - BSN - SEM 1 > NUTRI - PHYSIOLOGIC VALUE OF FOOD > Flashcards

NUTRI - PHYSIOLOGIC VALUE OF FOOD Flashcards

1
Q

Refers to the solid and liquid materials taken into
the digestive tract that are utilized to maintain
and build body tissues, regulate body
processes, and supply heat, thereby sustaining
life.

A

FOOD

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2
Q

The chemical process of transforming food into
complex tissue elements and of transforming
complex body substances into simpler ones along
with the production of heat and energy.

A

METABOLISM

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3
Q

Greek word which means to
change or alter

A

METABOLISMOS

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4
Q

The force or power that enables the body to do its
work. In nutrition, it pertains to the chemical energy
locked in the foodstuffs brought about by
metabolism

A

ENERGY

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5
Q

the unit of energy commonly used in
human nutrition.

A

CALORIE

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6
Q

are not rated. They are byproducts or
carbohydrates, proteins and fats that are
oxidized in the body.

A

CALORIES

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7
Q

1000 SMALL CALORIES =

A

1 KILOCALORIE OR CALORIE

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8
Q
  1. Fuel factor of carbohydrates= __ cal per gram
A

4

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9
Q
  1. Fuel factor of fat = __ cal per gram
A

9

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10
Q
  1. Fuel factor of protein = __ cal per gram
A

4

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11
Q

a device used to measure the total
calorie content available from food.

A

BOMB CALORIMETER

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11
Q

the measure of energy in the metric
system.

A

JOULE

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12
Q

1 calorie (kilocalorie) = ______ joule (kilojoules)

A

4.184

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12
Q

BMR

A

BASAL METABOLIC RATE

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13
Q
  • the measure of energy needed by the body
    at rest for all its internal chemical activities;
    approximately 1 cal per kilo of body weight per hour
    for an adult.
  • It is the min. amount of energy needed by the
    body at rest in the fasting state.
  • Also indicates the amount of energy needed to
    suction the life processes: respiration, cellular
    metabolism, circulation, glandular activity, and
    the maintenance of body temp.
A

BASAL METABOLISM/REQUIRED ENERGY EXPENDITURE

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13
Q

The rate of basal metabolism in a given person at a
given time and situation.

A

BASAL METABOLIC RATE

13
Q

REE

A

REQUIRED ENERGY EXPENDITURE

14
Q

the metabolic rate is highest during the periods of
rapid growth, chiefly during the first and second years, and
reaches a lesser peak through the ages of puberty and
adolescence in both sexes.

A

AGE

14
Q

8 FACTORS THAT AFFECT BMR

A
  1. SURFACE AREA
  2. SEX
  3. AGE
  4. BODY COMPOSITION
  5. STATE OF NUTRITION
  6. SLEEP
  7. ENDOCRINE GLANDS
  8. FEVER
14
Q

use the rule of thumb
1 kcal per kg per hour for adult male
0.9 kcal per kg per hour for adult female

A

CALCULATION OF BMR

14
Q

(1909), uses
information on weight, height, age and sex.

A

Harris-Benedict Formula (1909),

14
Q

3 CONDITIONS NECESSARY FOR BMR Test

A
  1. Fasting or post-absorptive state, at least 12
    hours and no meal.
  2. Must be awake, lying quietly, and free from
    physical fatigue, nervousness, or tension
  3. Environmental temp. should be between 20°𝐶 -
    25°𝐶
14
Q
  • the greater the body surface or skin area,
    the greater the amount of heat loss, and, in turn, the
    greater the necessary heat produced by the body. Muscle
    tissue requires more oxygen than adipose tissue.
A

SURFACE AREA

14
Q

secrete hormones into the
bloodstream, are the principal regulators of the metabolic
rate.

A

ENDOCRINE GLANDS

14
Q

2 COMPUTATION OF DBW

A
  1. ADOR DIONISIO’S METHOD
  2. TANNHAUSER’S METHOD
14
Q

women, in general, have metabolism about 5% to
10% less than that of men even when they are the same
weight and height.

A

SEX

14
Q

a large proportion of inactive
adipose tissue lowers the BMR.

A

BODY COMPOSITION

14
Q

a decrease in the mass of active
tissue such as in the case of undernourishment or
starvation causes a lowered metabolism often as much as
50% below normal.

A

STATE OF NUTRITION

14
Q

PHYSIOLOGICAL FUEL VALUES

CARBS
PRO
LIP

A

KCAL/G
4
4
9

14
Q

FORMULA FOR BMR

A

HARRIS-BENEDICT FORMULA

14
Q
  • metabolic rate falls approximately to 15% below
    that of waking levels.
A

SLEEP

14
Q
  • it increases the BMR about 7% for each degree
    rise in the body temp. about 98.6℉
A

FEVER

14
Q

DBW

A

DESIRABLE BODY WEIGHT

14
Q

DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL ENERGY ALLOWANCE

CARBS
PRO
LIP

A

%
50-70
10-15
20-30

2C - BSN - SEM 1 (34 decks)

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