New Zealand Flashcards
List the main GIs North Island New Zealand from North to South
Northland
Auckland
Gisbourne
Hawke’s Bay
Wairarapa
Auckland GI
Subregions
Grapes
Soil
Producers
North Island, NZ
Subregions: Kumeu GI, Matakana GI, Waiheke Island GI, South Auckland, West Auckland, Clevedon, Huapai, Henderson
Chardonnay: 71 ha
Merlot: 68 ha
Syrah: 47 ha
Pinot Gris: 34 ha
volcanic soils, layered sandstone and mudstone, heavy clays
2060 sunlight hours
Major Natural Features: Pacific Ocean, Waitakere Ranges
Major Producers: Kumeu River, Matua Valley, Babich, Cable Bay, Stonyridge, Pernod Ricard NZ, Villa Maria
Gisbourne GI
Subregions
Grapes
Soil
North Island, NZ- sunny and dry
Subregions: Hexton Hills (Golden Slope), Ormond, Ormond Valley, Manutuke, Central Valley, Riverpoint, Patutahi, Patutahi Plateau, Waipaoa
Chardonnay: 582 ha
Pinot Gris: 288 ha
Sauvignon Blanc: 250 ha
Merlot: 24 ha
Gewürztraminer: 19 ha
Soil Types: fine alluvial silt near the Waipaoa River, heavier clay loam in the plains
Annual Rainfall: 20.6 inches
Annual Average Sunlight Hours: 2,180 hours
Major Natural Features: Waipaoa River, Poverty Bay, Raukumara Range
Major Producers: Millton, Brunton Road
Hawke’s Bay GI
North Island, New Zealand- sunny and dry
Subregions: Central Hawke’s Bay GI, Te Awanga, Northern Esk Valley, Mohaka, Esk River Valley, Tutaekuri River Valley, Ngaruroro River Valley, Korokipo, Bridge Pa, Gimblett Gravels, Ohiti, Havelock North
Total Hectares Under Vine: 4,786 ha
Chardonnay: 1,060 ha
Sauvignon Blanc: 1,011 ha
Merlot: 975 ha
Pinot Gris: 676 ha
Syrah: 343 ha
Pinot Noir: 223 ha
Cabernet Sauvignon: 183 ha
Annual Rainfall: 15.3 inches
Annual Average Sunlight Hours: 2,188 hours
Major Natural Features: Heretaunga Plains, Hawke Bay, Ngaruroro River, Tukituki River
Major Producers: Craggy Range, Esk Valley Estate, Sacred Hill, Sileni, Te Mata, Trinity Hill
Wairarapa GI
North Island, NZ
Subregions: Martinborough GI, Gladstone GI, Masterton
Pinot Noir: 527 ha
Sauvignon Blanc: 394 ha
Chardonnay: 62 ha
Pinot Gris: 47 ha
soil: shallow silt loams with gravelly sub-soils
Major Natural Features: Aorangi and Tararua Ranges, Ruamahanga River
Major Producers: Ata Rangi, Dry River, Palliser Estate, Voss Estate
Wairarapa soils?
Martinborough known for shallow silt loams with gravelly sub soils
Most planted grape in Hawke’s Bay?
Chardonnay
Other: SB, Merlot, Pinot Gris, Syrah, PN, CS
similar climate to Bordeaux
Wairarapa - important grapes?
Pinot Noir, Sauvignon Blanc
What body of water is to the West of New Zealand? to the East?
West: Tasman Sea
East: Pacific Ocean
What separates the North Island from the South Island in New Zealand?
the Cook Straight
List the main GIs on South Island NZ from North to South
Nelson
Marlborough
Canterbury
Waitaki North Ortago/ Waitaki Valley
Central Otago GI
Nelson GI
South Island, NZ
Non-GI Subzones: Mouteka, Takaka (Golden Hills), Upper Moutere Hills - gravel/clay, Waimea Plains - alluvial
Sauvignon Blanc: 621 ha
Pinot Noir: 164 ha
Pinot Gris: 111 ha
Chardonnay: 109 ha
Soil Types: gravelly silt loams in the Waimea Plains, clay-based soils in Upper Moutere
!! Average Annual Sunshine Hours: 2,405 hours !!
Major Natural Features: Tasman Mountains, Richmond Range, Waimea River, Tasman Bay, Golden Bay
Major Producers: Greenhough, Seifried Estate, Neudorf
Marlborough GI
South Island, NZ
Non-GI Subzones: Wairau Valley, Southern Valley, Awatere Valley
26,000 ha under vine- most in NZ:
White: Sauvignon Blanc (85.8%), Chardonnay (3.3%), Pinot Gris (3.2%), Riesling (.08%)
Red: Pinot Noir (6%)
Soil Types: variable shallow, stony soils and deep sandy loams, clay-based soils on hillside sites
!! Average Annual Sunlight Hours: 2,457 hours !!
Major Natural Features: Richmond Range (divides Marlborough and Nelson), Wither Hill Range, Kaikoura Ranges, Wairau River, Awatere River,
Major Producers: Allan Scott, Cloudy Bay, Fromm, Hunter’s, Saint Clair, Spy Valley
Canterbury GI
South Island, NZ
Subregions: North Canterbury GI, Waipara Valley/Waipara GI, Canterbury Plains
Pinot Noir: 444 ha
Sauvignon Blanc: 401 ha
Riesling: 271 ha
Pinot Gris: 215 ha
Chardonnay: 99 ha
some Gewurztraminer
Soil Types: silt loams over gravel in the Canterbury Plains, gravelly soils near the Waipara River, limestone-derived clays in the eastern Waipara region
Major Natural Features: Waimakariri River, Waipara River, Puketeraki Range, Canterbury Plains
Major Producers: Pegasus Bay, Pyramid Valley, Mud House, Giesen
Central Otago GI
South Island, NZ
Subregions: Bannockburn GI, Alexandra Basin, Bendigo, Cromwell Basin (Pisa & Lowburn), Gibbston, Wanaka
Pinot Noir: 1,656 ha
Pinot Gris: 172 ha
Chardonnay: 92 ha
Riesling: 62 ha
Sauvignon Blanc: 40 ha
!! Annual Rainfall: 10.8 inches !!
Major Natural Features: Southern Alps, Lake Wanaka, Waitaki River (North Otago), Lake Dunstan
Major Producers: Rippon, Peregrine, Felton Road, Mt. Difficulty
Soil types in Hawke’s Bay?
Greywacke gravel (sandstone with varied rocks), silt, sandy loam, Gimblett Gravels
Most of Hawke’s Bay’s vineyards are planted on the gravel-based alluvial soils of the Heretaunga Plains to the west of the city of Hastings
Gimblett Gravels
In Hawke’s Bay, on the Heretaunga Plains: The most renowned viticultural area of the plains is Gimblett Gravels, which was first planted in 1981 and now includes more than 800 hectares of vineyard.
The region’s geology resulted from an 1867 earthquake that changed the course of the Ngaruroro River, leaving behind gravel, silt, and loam
Vineyards must be min 95% on these deep shingle soils, and 95% of vineyards must be within the Hawke’s Bay GI
Poverty Bay
also known as Gisbourne, on the east coast of the North Island, New Zealand
What was the first commercial winery in Marlborough? When was it established?
Montana, established in 1973.
Describe the climate of New Zealand
North Island: warmer, rainier, often compared to Bordeaux
South Island: cooler, but sunnier and drier. In the rain shadow of the Southern Alps
Which GI on the North Island has the driest climate?
Hawke’s Bay
Annual Rainfall: 15.3 inches
Annual Average Sunlight Hours: 2,188 hours
Marlborough soil types?
valley floors are former riverbeds and consist of gravels, silt, sand, and loam.
Silty patches tend to provide more fertility, while bony, gravel-rich sections act as a natural curb on Sauvignon’s otherwise-enthusiastic growth;
more clay in the southern valleys