Austria Flashcards

Question

Kamptal - geography

Answer 1

The Kamp River created a gorge-like valley within the Bohemian Massif, which largely defines Kamptal

Answer 2

Kamptal DAC: 11.5% Kamptal DAC with indication of village: 12% Kamptal DAC with indication of village and single vineyard: 12.5% Kamptal DAC Reserve: 13%

Answer 3

DAC wines from Gruner, Riesling, Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, and Pinot Gris Gebietswein: light to medium style, no botrytis dominance, no perceptible oak notes, Ortswein: medium-strong style, no botrytis dominance, maturity typical for the origin, no perceptible oak notes, Riedenwein: medium to powerful style, characterized by the specific properties of the soil and climate of the corresponding Ried, spicy to the medium aroma, no botrytis dominance, no or only light to medium oak notes Reserve: Profile requirements are not applicable

Answer 4

Classic: min 12%, no obvious oak or botrytis (NOT an official term) Reserve: min 13%, higher min must weights. in some places, botrytis and/or oak allowed

Answer 5

Niederosterreich, Austria Villages on north bank of Danube: Spitz, Joching, Weissenkirchen, Dürnstein, Unterloiben/Oberloiben South bank: Mautern

Answer 6

Hand-harvesting mandatory for all level (gebietswein, ortswein, riedenweine) Must be sold bottled in glass; volumes of 1L and 2L are not permitted "Fantasy names" not permitted Must be produced and bottled within the Wachau (or if the vineyard owner's facilities are in Kremstal or Traisental, may take place at those facilities) DAC est 2020

Answer 7

Evident oak-derived aromas in finished wine are forbidden for ortswein and riedenwein- only at gebietswein level! **opposite of Kamptal!** white wine only for Riedenwein and Ortswein red allowed for gebietswein (St Laurent, Zweigelt) however, up to 15% of authorized Austrian varieties can be blended into all 3 levels

Answer 8

Emmerich Knoll (Unterloiben), Franz Hirtzberger (Spitz), Rudi Pichler (Wösendorf), FX Pichler (Oberloiben), Prager (Weißenkirchen), Veyder-Malberg (Spitz), Alzinger (Unterloiben), Domäne Wachau (Dürnstein), Nikolaihof (Mautern), Jäger (Weißenkirchen)

Answer 9

Steinertal (Unterloiben) Achleiten, Hinter der Burg (Weissenkirchen) Im Weingebirge (Mautern)

Answer 10

red (zweigelt, blaufrankisch) and sweet (ausbruch)

Answer 11

Mittelburgland Leithaberg Eisenberg Neusiedlersee Rosalia Ruster Ausbruch

Answer 12

reds from 100% Blaufrankisch DAC: 12.5% (minimum) / 13% (maximum) DAC with Specified Site: 13% (minimum) / 13.5% (maximum) DAC Reserve: Min. 13% (no maximum is specified)- should have oak character surrounded by the Sopron Mountains to the north, the Bucklige Welt hills to the west, and the Kőszeg Mountains to the south. Cradled in a kind of amphitheater, Mittelburgenland is protected from wind, enjoys over 300 days of sunshine, and collects heat from the plains to the east deep clay soils (Burgenland, Austria)

Answer 13

Eisenberg = "iron mountain," was an iron mine in Roman times. best sites on Eisenberg hill- mostly Blaufrankisch reds from 100% Blaufrankisch DAC: 12.5% - fresh, no oak DAC Reserve: 13% - some oak character - NOT affected by Lake Neusiedl or Pannonian heat. some Mediterranean influence from the south - soil: Iron-rich Clay, Schist, and Slate producers: Weingut Krutzler and Weingut Wachter-Wiesler (Burgenland, Austria)

Answer 14

DAC in Burgenland, Austria Red: Zweigelt must be the focus of the blend for both DAC and DAC reserve (reserve Min. 60% Zweigelt; Max. 40% other indigenous red) DAC White: Spätlese and Auslese: from Qualitätswein varieties incl Welschriesling, Weissburgunder, and Chardonnay DAC Reserve White: BA and TBA from Qualitätswein varieties incl Welschriesling, Weissburgunder, and Chardonnay DAC: 12% - red wines only DAC Reserve: 13% - red wines only DAC est 2011, sweet wines added 2020

Answer 15

pioneered the Schilfwein, or “reed wine,” technique in Austria, wherein dessert grapes that don’t appear destined for great botrytis are dried on reed mats for six to eight weeks after harvesting from the vine Neusiedlersee, Austria

Answer 16

warmest in Burgenland, sitting east of both lake Neusiedl and the Alps.The wine-growing region sits right at the heart of the Pannonian climate zone and is characterised by hot, dry summers with moderate rainfall and cold winters with little snow dry wines are generally grown to the north and sweet wines to the south. south is warmer, with 47 surrounding lakes (called zicklacken) to the east, which heat up throughout the summer and contribute to the climate, humidity (botrytis). warm gravel soils in south. some limestone and schist north of the lake in the village of Neusiedl, carried over from the Leitha Mountains to the west. mostly gravels, sand, and clay dominate

Answer 17

small salt-water lakes, notably in the southern part of Neusiedlersee, around the town of Seewinkel. Evaporation from the lakes overnight creates fog in the vineyards, encouraging botrytis formation

Answer 18

Gols**, Mönchhof, Halbturn, Podersdorf, Frauenkirchen, Illmitz, Apetlon, Andau Sweet whites made with grapes from Apetlon, Illmitz, and/or Podersdorf may be labelled "Seewinkel"

Answer 19

in the Alpine foothills of the Rosalia Range, along the state lines of Lower Austria and Burgenland. It is between Leithaberg to the north and Mittelburgenland to the south. Reds: Blaufränkisch and/or Zweigelt with at least one comprising 85% of the blend Rosé: Wines must be made from one or more Qualitätswein varieties max 4g/l RS, rose may be up to 9g if trocken (Burgenland, Austria)

Answer 20

Alois Kracher. the TBA Scheurebe is legendary

Answer 21

from Rust, in Burgenland, Austria. Near lake Neusiedlersee. Traditional sweet wine. Grapes harvested at least 30 KMW/ 156 Öchsle and dried. Similar to Tokaji- richly concentrated botrytis affected must is added to less concentrated must. Grapes: Chardonnay, Muskateller, Pinot Blanc, Neuburge, Welschriesling, Traminer, Pinot Gris. (was traditionally furmint) (Burgenland, Austria)

Answer 22

Gemischter Satz - white blends - got DAC status for this in 2013- min 3 white varieties, none more than 50% of blend Heuriger - nouveau wine Sturm- half fermented sparkling grape juice

Answer 23

Steiermark (Styria)

Answer 24

Nigl Salomon Undhof Christoph Hoch Malat Stadt Krems

Answer 25

Czech Republic Slovakia

Answer 26

Zierfandler (spatrot) and Rotgipfler Made in Thermenregion, Niederosterreich, Austria

Answer 27

Gruner Welschriesling Muller Thurgau

Answer 28

On the Oechsle scale, one degree Oechsle (°Oe) corresponds to one gram of the difference between the mass of one litre of must at 20 °C and 1 kg (the mass of 1 litre of water) 1 L of must weighing 1036 grams = 36 degrees Oechsle

Answer 29

Traminer and St Georgener-Rebe

Answer 30

Brundlmayer. It is a trellising system, also called the U or V system in France. it creates two walls of foliage instead of one, allows the plant to take more advantage of sunlight.

Answer 31

67.5 hl/ha

Answer 32

Chardonnay

Answer 33

1990, 1997, 1999

Answer 34

"high culture," or vines trained on wires at 1.25 meters. pioneered by Lenz Moser in Austria in 1924 - the idea was to make it easier to harvest mechanically bad winters killed almost everything but gruner and riesling- hence their prevalence today

Answer 35

Austrian Wine Marketing Board - established as a part of the 1986 Austrian Wine Act

Answer 36

granite and sedimentary silty windblown loess gruner is thirsty - likes deep, water retaining loess soils

Answer 37

Danubian deposits of calcareous sandy gravels

Answer 38

White: Grüner Veltliner, Neuburger, Chardonnay, Weissburgunder (blends or varietal wines) Red: Blaufränkisch, plus a max. 15% combined Pinot Noir, St. Laurent, and Zweigelt first DAC to allow both red and white wines! 2008- approved for red, 2009 for white DAC wines max 2.5g/l RS - some impact on climate from lake Neusiedl, but more from Leitha Mountains, separating it from Carunutum and Thermenregion = elevation - pannonian plain influence = long warm summers limestone composed of sea fossils, schist, gneiss (Burgenland, Austria)

Answer 39

Südsteiermark DAC Vulkanland Steiermark DAC Weststeiermark DAC Gebietswein, Ortswein, Riedenwein quality levels whites: Welschriesling, Weissburgunder, Morillon, Grauburgunder, Riesling, Muskateller, Sauvignon Blanc, and Traminer SB most planted, followed by Welschriesling - soils: Styria Basin - patchwork of soils including silt, marl, sand, gravel, sandstone, conglomerates, gneiss, amphibolite, limestone, volcanic basalts - most vineyards on steep slopes at 300-600m elevation rainiest region in Austria. Frost, hail, and mildew pressure are key challenges.

Answer 40

rose made in Westeiermark, Styria, Austria made from the indigenous Blauer Wildbacher grape. The colour ranges from a light onion tinge to a deep ruby. The grape was once a wild variety which was said to contain alcohol compounds which, in turn, allegedly would induce wild inebriation, hence its colloquial name Rabiatperle - rabid pearl. The name Schilcher originates from the Middle High German word schillern meaning to radiate with colour.

Answer 41

Steirische Terroir- und Klassikweingüter group, in Styria STK is dedicated to exploring the individuality of Styria’s higher and steeper vineyard sites, which produce the highest-quality wines, with single vineyard distinction (lagen). There are currently 12 estate members. Like similar organizations that formed prior to DAC introduction, STK relies on a hierarchy that identifies Erste STK Ried (premier cru) and Grosse STK Ried (grand cru) vineyard sites. Minimum vine ages, maximum yields, and aging requirements are compulsory.

Answer 42

western part of country is Alpine central: Pannonian Plain - warmer eastern: Carpathian mountains

Answer 43

starts at confluence of Brigach and Breg Rivers in Germany's Black Forest ends in the Black Sea

Answer 44

generally continental Lower Austria: driest, big shifts in temperature during growing season Burgenland: hottest. affected by warm Pannonian climate Styria: Mediterranean influence from the Adriatic Sea to the south

Answer 45

grower's sparkling wine. movement spearheaded by Gerard Malat in the 1970s. (Austria)

Answer 46

partially fermented grape must (Austria)

Answer 47

Klosterneuburg Must Weight Scale 1 degree KMW = 1 gram of sugar per 100 g grape must 1 degree KMW = approx. 5 degrees Oe ALL PDO WINE: min 15 KMW

Answer 48

Districtus Austriae Controllatus - Austrian appellation system, approved in 2002 Weinviertel first DAC region in 2003

Answer 49

dry, unchaptalized, medium bodied styles that are often crisp, fruity, un

Answer 50

fuller styles of wine, requires higher minimum must weight and alcohol (13%). may undergo oak aging

Answer 51

grape must (Austria)

Answer 52

volcano (Austria)

Answer 53

"mixed set" or field blend from Austria. recently permitted as a style for regional Wachau DAC wines. Also Thermenregion and Vienna

Answer 54

Traminer x likely St. Georgen

Answer 55

Rotundone, in Austria

Answer 56

aka Klevner, Pinot Blanc

Answer 57

synonym for Riesling in Austria also Rheinriesling

Answer 58

Riesling x Chasselas de Courtillier (Madeline Royale)

Answer 59

synonym for Chardonnay in Austria Pinot Noir x Gouais Blanc

Answer 60

native / indigenous

Answer 61

now Domaine Wachau, founded in the 1930s. It owns a third of Wachau's vineyard land, with grapes from over 250 growers.

Answer 62

regional wine of Wachau - allows 17 grapes, including gemischter satz blends. allows red production only tier in Wachau that allows oak influence

Answer 63

middle tier in Wachau's 3 tier hierarchical system. all white grapes must be produced in a recognized village (there are 23) Grüner Veltliner, Riesling, Weißburgunder, Grauburgunder, Chardonnay, Neuburger, Muskateller (blanc a petit grains), Sauvignon Blanc and Traminer no oak influence!

Answer 64

single vineyard wines from Wachau - top of the 3 tier system only Gruner and Riesling no oak influence!

Answer 65

Vinea Wachau Nobilis Districtus formed in 1982, established the categories of Steinfeder, Federspiel, and Smaraagd Steinfeder: max. 11.5% abv; min 15° KMW Federspiel: 11.5-12.5% abv; min 17° KMW Smaragd: min. 12.5% abv; min 18.2° KMW these indicate ripeness, which tells you more than if a producer labelled just with DAC. Wachau producer may choose to label with either DAC or Vinea Wachau terms, or both. other values: hand harvesting, only natural sugars used for fermentation, refraining from concentration techniques around 200 producers, and accounts for ~90% of Wachau production.

Answer 66

Steinfeder: max. 11.5% abv; min 15° KMW Federspiel: 11.5-12.5% abv; min 17° KMW Smaragd: min. 12.5% abv; min 18.2° KMW

Answer 67

Austrian Sekt - not considered Qualitatswein- may be labelled Austrian Sekt if grapes come from the country, otherwise it's just Sekt. No lees aging requirement, any of the 40 approved varietals may be traditional method or tank Sekt Austria day is Oct 22!

Answer 68

first Austrian sparkling wine, named for Goldeggen vineyard. Now owned by Schlumberger Wine & Sekt Company

Answer 69

19 KMW 94.2 Oe "perfectly ripe grapes"

Answer 70

21 KMW 105 Oe selection of grapes, spoiled/ diseased grapes removed

Answer 71

25 KMW 127.3 Oe overripe, botrytis affected

Answer 72

25 KMW 127.3 Oe grapes harvested and pressed while frozen, no cryoextraction temperature must drop to -7 C (19.4 F)

Answer 73

30 KMW 156 Oe late harvested, generally affected by botrytis, extremely shriveled

Answer 74

grapes cultivated on a hillside with a minimum slope of 26% Austria

Answer 75

village in the Wachau DAC, furthest west vineyard: Tausendeimerberg slate and schist soils Spitzer Graben: valley with hillside vineyards on slate and schist. coolest region and latest harvest of the Wachau. Vineyards: Hochrain, Singerriedel producers: Donabaum, Högl, Veyder-Malberg, and Muthenthaler some vineyards here as steep as 70 grade

Answer 76

village in the Wachau DAC vineyard: Rieden Achleiten - west facing! 200-400m elevation, soils go from mica schist to Gfohl gneiss vineyard: Hinter der Berg Prager and Rudi Pichler both bottle

Answer 77

austrian term for petrichor mineral found in gruner and riesling

Answer 78

village in the Wachau DAC vineyard: Ried Kellerberg, which is home to Schmid'ls Küss den Pfennig, a very old parcel

Answer 79

famous vineyard shared by Loiben and Dürnstein, in the Wachau DAC one of the first named vineyards- dates to 1379 known for deep loess soils

Answer 80

famous vineyard shared by Loiben and Dürnstein, in the Wachau DAC huge south facing hill Knoll, Domaine Wachau, Alzinger make wine from here

Answer 81

village in Wachau DAC, on the south bank of the Danube river. thought to be where viticulture began in Austria * Rossatz other village south of the river * ried Im Weingebirge dates to 470 CE ried Silbervichl, parcel Vom Stein - some of oldest vines in Wachau also home to Nikolaihof, the country's oldest winery.

Answer 82

in Niederösterreich, Austria. east of Wachau- so exposed to more warm air from Pannonian Plain DAC wines may ONLY be gruner or riesling gruner most planted, followed by Zweigelt and Riesling New barrique and hints of botrytis are allowed at the Reserve level more rain and less wind than Wachau = botrytis more common villages: Krems, Senftenberg, Rohrendorf, Gedersdorf, Furth Göttweig Abbey, built in 1072 - monastic origins DAC est 2007

Answer 83

in Niederösterreich, Austria. east of Wachau- so exposed to more warm air from Pannonian Plain. more rain and less wind than Wachau = botrytis more common

Answer 84

villages: Krems, Senftenberg, Rohrendorf, Gedersdorf, Furth

Answer 85

DAC wines may ONLY be gruner or riesling gruner most planted, followed by Zweigelt and Riesling New barrique and hints of botrytis are allowed at the Reserve level

Answer 86

most vineyards are on the north bank of the Danube, south facing, on terraced slopes. granite walls form the terraces. benefits: - help preserve soil that sits atop bedrock - retain heat and moisture

Answer 87

mica slate soils found in Kremstal

Answer 88

in the village of Stein, in Kremstal (on border with Wachau) Salomon Undhof makes a wine from here, as well as Kogl and Hund granite and gneiss

Answer 89

in village of Stein, in Kremstal. Difficult to work (hund = dog) granite and gneiss

Answer 90

village in Kremstal vineyards: Hochäcker and Pellingen producers: Nigl and Proidl

Answer 91

village in Kremstal vineyards: Breiter Rain, Gebling, Schnabel lots of deep, water retaining loess

Answer 92

village in Kremstal vineyards: Moosburgerin, Spiegel, Steingraben, Vordernberg, Wieland lots of deep, water retaining loess

Answer 93

Basic Kremstal DAC: min 12% alcohol. no oak influence or botrytis; these wines are occasionally referred to informally as klassik. With mention of a vineyard, Kremstal DAC must meet 12.5% alcohol. Reserve DAC wines must have 13% minimum alcohol, cannot exceed nine grams per liter of residual sugar, and allow oak and botrytis character. DAC wines only gruner and riesling- anything other that what's listed above is labeled Niederosterreich

Answer 94

or "OTW" founded in 1992 by producers in Kamptal and Kremstal, an association that identifies distinctive sites and quality levels in these regions + Wagram, Wein, Carnuntum, Thermenregion, and Traisental. (like the VDP) Wines can be labeled Gebietswein (regional wine), Ortswein (village wine) and Lagenwein (single vineyard), much like labeling in the DACs established after 2018. 90 Erste Lage ("first growth") sites identified Grosse Lage - pending approval 58 members

Answer 95

warmer and wetter than Wachau = more chance of botrytis

Answer 96

drier than Kremstal = less botrytis more influenced by Kamp tributary than by the Danube, cool nightly winds coming in from the Waldviertel (Forest Quarter) to the west. The region is slightly warmer than the Wachau, particularly in the east near Kammern

Answer 97

more loess, unique rock formations and conglomerate soils in Kamptal’s higher-reaching sites, which near 350 meters. in the warmer, lower-elevation sites, gravels, sands, and clays are more common—an ideal combination for red grapes

Answer 98

"stone of the saints" near the village of Zöbing in the Kamptal, this massive rock is composed of 270 million-year-old Permian desert sandstone—a type of sandstone with volcanic conglomerates not found in any other vineyard in the country. It is regarded as one of the most special vineyards for Riesling in Austria. *very steep, very thin topsoil Rising 345 meters in elevation, its terraced, 36-hectare vineyard faces south and west. producers: Bründlmayer, Schloss Gobelsburg, and Hirsch.

Answer 99

vineyard in the village of Langenlois, Kamptal a cooler, elevated vineyard at over 400 meters in altitude Langenlois known for Gföhl gneiss and slate are overlaid with sand, clay, and cambisol (brown earth at an early stage of soil formation)

Answer 100

vineyard in Kammern, Kamptal, known for Gruner. same slope as Heiligenstein (Zobing) Hirsch, Schloss Gobelsburg

Answer 101

elevated in 2022; Until 2007, it was known as Donauland and included Traisental; since then, each has gained its own boundaries most vines on the north banks of the Danube, and quite far back. southern exposure + deep loess soils = prime place for Gruner

Answer 102

gigantic, eastern part of Niederosterreich. Danube River to the south, the Czech Republic to the north, and Slovakia to the east villages: Hohenwarth, Röschitz, Retz, Falkenstein, Poysdorf, Zistersdorf, Mannersdorf, Wolkersdorf ONLY gruner for DAC wines. Reserve & Grosse Reserve GV: "subtle botrytis and wood notes are acceptable" DAC: 12% DAC Reserve & Grosse Reserve: 13% max 6g/l RS for standard DAC. reserve & grosse reserve - legally trocken (9g) DAC est 2002

Answer 103

ONLY gruner for DAC wines. Reserve & Grosse Reserve GV: "subtle botrytis and wood notes are acceptable"

Answer 104

White Grapes: Grüner Veltliner, Weissburgunder, Chardonnay Red Grapes: Zweigelt, Blaufränkisch * only region in Lower Austria where red grapes lead Leitha Mountains, Arbesthal Hills, and Hundsheimer Mountains

Answer 105

within Carnuntum DAC, focuses on high quality, 100% Zweigelt minimum must weight of 18 degrees KMW (about 12.5% alcohol by volume), and a minimum of six months in wood

Answer 106

lots of grapes allowed in Gebietswein and Ortswein Riedenwein:: White: Rotgipfler, Zierfandler, Pinot Blanc, Chardonnay Red: Pinot Noir, St. Laurent villages: Gumpoldskirchen, Wiener Neustadt, Perchtoldsdorf, Bad Vöslau, Tattendorf DAC est 2023

Answer 107

max 9 g/l RS, provided total acidity is within 2 g/l of residual sugar mandatory for Carnuntum, Kamptal, Kremstal, Traisental, Weinviertel (reserve & grosse reserve)

Answer 108

Thermenregion - Ortswein can be labeled as dry, Auslese, Beerenauslese, or Trockenbeerenauslese Neusiedlersee - DAC and reserve Ruster Ausbruch DAC

Answer 109

DAC in Burgenland, only made in the city of Rust (within Leithaberg) One or more white Qualitätswein varieties, such as: Weissburgunder, Chardonnay, Muskateller, Grauburgunder, and Furmint min 30 KMW (TBA equivalent) min 45 g/l RS Uses botrytized grapes Must be hand-harvested Production and bottling must occur within Rust Must be vintage labeled A tectonic break resulted in different parent material for the soils here, which are predominantly quartz-rich sandy gravels. Ever self-regulating, this region opted out of Leithaberg’s DAC classification, and the region’s famed Ruster Ausbruch style earned DAC status in 2020.

Answer 110

Uses botrytized grapes Must be hand-harvested Production and bottling must occur within Rust Must be vintage labeled

Answer 111

western austria, including the regions: Carinthia (or Kärnten, with 170 hectares), Upper Austria (or Oberösterreich, with 45 hectares), Salzburg (7 hectares), Tyrol (or Tirol, with 5 hectares), and Vorarlberg (10 hectares)

Answer 112

FX Pichler, as DAC had been established.

Answer 113

Gaisberg, Grub, Lamm, Renner Kamptal

Answer 114

Pradikatswein 5% min everything else 9% min

Answer 115

(not in the Pradikat) min 17 KMW min 13% potential abv max 9g/l RS no chaptalization or sussreserve

Answer 116

Vienna - over half of production

Answer 117

austria - "local indication" or village

Answer 118

Grüner Veltliner: "fresh, fruit-accented, fine spiciness; no Botrytis note; no wood tone" Riesling: "fragrant, stone fruit aromas, elegant, minerally; no Botrytis note; no wood tone" New barrique and hints of botrytis are allowed at the Reserve level other grapes released as Niederösterreich

Answer 119

DAC: Grüner Veltliner, Riesling, Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, and Pinot Gris other grapes released as Niederösterreich

Answer 120

Gebietswein: light to medium style, no botrytis dominance, no perceptible oak notes, Ortswein: medium-strong style, no botrytis dominance, maturity typical for the origin, no perceptible oak notes, Riedenwein: medium to powerful style, characterized by the specific properties of the soil and climate of the corresponding Ried, spicy to the medium aroma, no botrytis dominance, no or only light to medium oak notes Reserve: Profile requirements are not applicable

Answer 121

Gebietswein: lots of grapes, both red and white Ortswein: Grüner Veltliner, Riesling, Weißburgunder, Grauburgunder, Chardonnay, Neuburger, Muskateller, Sauvignon Blanc and Traminer Riedenwein: Grüner Veltliner, Riesling

Answer 122

Neusiedlersee at 6020 ha Rosalia least with 239 ha

Answer 123

slightly sparkling Austrian wine. Min. 9% ABV 1 to 2.5 ATM All methods (including added CO2)

Answer 124

Austrian sparkling wine Min. 8.5% ABV 3 ATM All methods (including added CO2)

Answer 125

min. 13% ABV (Qualitastwein) Whites = March 15 release Reds = November 1 release

Answer 126

off dry max 18 g/l RS

Answer 127

medium sweet max 45 g/l

Answer 128

min 45 g/l RS

Answer 129

it became the 15th DAC in 2020. 17 years after Weinviertel was first to be approved

Answer 130

Grüner Veltliner (64% - 829 ha) Riesling (18% - 239 ha) Zweigelt (4.4% - 57 ha) Muskateller (2.6% - 33 ha)

Answer 131

Lower, east-facing vineyards typically contain sandy loess soils, whereas the steeper, higher vineyards (450 meters and above) are characterized by shallow soils and a higher proportion of the underlying Gföhl gneiss and other primary rock.

Answer 132

Eisenberg, Leithaberg, Mittelburgenland: all focus Rosalia, Carnuntum: either blaufrankisch or zweigelt can be main grape

Answer 133

Neusiedlersee - focus of blend Rosalia, Carnuntum: either blaufrankisch or zweigelt can be main grape

Answer 134

Alois Kracher Weingut Moric Lutzmannsburg 'wild boys of club batonnage' Kollwentz Famille Gessellmann

Answer 135

Heidi Schrock & Sohne Feiler-Artinger Weingut Ernst Triebaumer