Italy NW: Piedmont Flashcards

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1
Q

Piedmont general soil type

A

Thinner, calcareous marl and sandstone soils

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2
Q

What is sori in italy?

A

Prized, southern facing exposure vineyards

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3
Q

Which grape in Piedmont is earliest to ripen? Latest?

A

Dolcetto earliest
Nebbiolo latest

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4
Q

All red grapes Piedmont

A

Barbera
Nebbiolo
Dolcetto

Also: Brachetto, Grignolino, Ruchè, Croatina, Vespolina, Freisa

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5
Q

Piedmont most planted white grape

A

Moscato Bianco (muscat blanc a petit grains)

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6
Q

Piedmont other white grapes

A

Cortese, Arneis, Erbaluce and Favorita (Vermentino)

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7
Q

List the 11 communes of Barolo Production

A

Entirely included in DOCG: Barolo, Castiglione Falletto, Serralunga d’Alba

Partially included in DOCG: Monforte d’Alba, La Morra, Diano d’Alba, Novello, Verduno, Grinzane Cavour, Cherasco, Roddi

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8
Q

Soil type La Morra and Barolo

A

Tortonian soils, which contain a higher proportion of calcareous marl, provide a softer style of wine.

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9
Q

Soil type Monforte, Serralunga, Castiglione Falletto

A

Serravallian (Helvetian) sandstone soils supply more structure in the wine.

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10
Q

Barolo aging requirements before 2010

A

Minimum 3 years aging, including 2 in cask

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11
Q

Barolo DOCG
min abv
aging
elevation

A

min 13% (12.5% potential)

Barolo: 38 months from November 1 of the harvest year, including 18 months in wood.

Barolo Riserva: 62 months from November 1 of the harvest year, including 18 months in wood.

min 3,500 vines per hectare

170-540 m

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12
Q

Barbaresco communes of production

A

Barbaresco, Neive, Treiso (a frazione of Barbaresco), San Rocco Seno d’Elvio (part of Alba)

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13
Q

Important MGA in La Morra

A

Rocche dell’Annunziata
Serradenari
Roncaglie

Fossati, Cerequio, Brunate (shared w/Barolo)

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14
Q

Important MGA Barolo

A

Fossati (shared w/La Morra)
Brunate
Castellaro
Ravera
Sarmazza

Cannubi- most important. covers a hill, vineyards face in all directions

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15
Q

Important MGA Monforte d’Alba

A

Bussia (huge)
Ginestra
Perno (huge)

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16
Q

Important MGA Castiglione Faletto

A

Bricco Boschis
Monprivato (G Mascarello)
Villero
Pira (Roagna)

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17
Q

Important MGA Serralunga d’Alba

A

Fontanafredda
Prapo
Lazzarito
Brea
Marenca
Vigna Rionda

Falletto (bruno giacosa monopole)- 400m eevation
Francia (g conterno monopole)

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18
Q

What is the largest cru of Barbaresco?

A

Ovello. 78 hectares. It contains the historic sites of Canova, Casot, and Loreto.

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19
Q

Important MGA Barbaresco

A

Montefico
Montestefano
Paje
Rabaja
Asili
Martinenga (M de Gresy monopole)
Roncaglie

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20
Q

Important MGA in Neive

A

Albesani
Gallina
Santo Stefano

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21
Q

Important MGA in Treiso

A

Pajore

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22
Q

Barbaresco DOCG

A

min 12.5%

Normale: Minimum 26 months from November 1 of the harvest year (minimum 9 months in wood), may be released after January 1 of the third year following the harvest

Riserva: Minimum 50 months from November 1 of the harvest year (minimum 9 months in wood), may be released after January 1 of the fifth year following the harvest

0-550 m
Principal Soils: Tortonian calcerous marl

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23
Q

In what year were Barolo and Barbaresco DOC/Gs established?

A

1980

DOC in 1966

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24
Q

Original Gaja bottlings

A

Sori San Lorenzo
Sori Tildin
Costa Russi

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25
Q

List 3 producers considered “modernist” in Piedmont

A

Gaja
Paolo Scavino,
Luciano Sandrone,
Elio Altare

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26
Q

List 3 “traditional” producers Barolo

A

Giacomo Conterno,
Bartolo Mascarello,
Giuseppe Rinaldi

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27
Q

List 5 Barolo Producers

A

Vietti
Bartolo Mascarello
Giuseppe Mascarello
Brovia
Bruno Giacosa
Cavallotto
Giacomo Conterno

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28
Q

List 5 Barbaresco Producers

A

Vietti
Bruno Giacosa
Gaja
Cantina del Pino
Marchesi di Gresy

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29
Q

Roero DOCG - grapes and styles?

A

Bianco & Spumante: min 95% Arneis

Rosso: min 95% Nebbiolo

sandy soils = lighter style of Nebbiolo

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30
Q

DOC/G on eastern banks of Sesia

A

In Piedmont, in the hills north of the Po river

Boca DOC
Colline Novaresi
Fara
Ghemme
Sizzano

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31
Q

Other than Barolo and Barbaresco, list at least 5 other DOCs / DOCGs in Piedmont that make Nebbiolo?

A

Alba DOC
Albugnano DOC
Boca DOC
Bramaterra DOC
Carema DOC
Fara DOC
Gattinara DOCG
Ghemme DOCG
Lessona DOC
Nebbiolo d’Alba
Sizzano DOC
Terre Alfieri DOCG

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32
Q

List the DOC/G for Barbera in Pidmont

A

Barbera d’Alba DOC
Barbera d’Asti DOCG
Barbera del Monferrato DOC
Barbera del Monferrato Superiore DOCG
Gabiano DOC
Nizza DOCG
Rubino di Cantavenna DOC

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33
Q

What are the main appellations in the Monferrato hills?

A

Barbera d’Asti, Barbera del Monferrato Superiore, Nizza, Ruchè di Castagnole Monferrato

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34
Q

Which DOC/G produce 100% Dolcetto wines in Piedmont?

A

Dogliani DOCG
Dolcetto di Acqui DOC
Dolcetto d’Alba DOC
Dolcetto di Asti DOC
Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba DOCG
Dolcetto di Ovada DOC
Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore DOCG

** all DOCG for Dolcetto require 100% **

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35
Q

What was the first still white wine DOCG in Piedmont?

A

Gavi, in Alessandria province

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36
Q

Gavi DOCG grapes and styles?

A

100% Cortese

Still, frizzante, spumante, spumante metodo classico

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37
Q

Which DOCG produces the most wine in Italy?

A

Asti - 650,000 hl or more is produces this year

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38
Q

Asti vs Moscato d’Asti- what is the difference?

A

both under Asti DOCG

Asti is spumante - fully sparkling, single fermentation using Charmat (or Martinotti) method

Moscato d’Asti is frizzante - only partly sparkling, max 2.5 atmospheres. Made from riper grapes.

both wines are sweet and made from Moscato Bianco

note: there is a separate designation for Asti Metodo Classico

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39
Q

What is the abv range for Moscato d’Asti?

A

4.5% acquired with max. 6.5%
min 11% potential

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40
Q

What is the minimum abv for Asti? Asti Metodo Classico?

A

Asti: 11.5% (6% acquired)
Asti “Metodo Classico”: 12% (6% acquired)

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41
Q

List the DOC/G for Moscato Bianco in Piemonte

A

Asti DOCG
Canelli DOCG
Loazzolo DOC
Strevi DOCG

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42
Q

Alta Langa DOCG - grapes? aging requirements?

A

min 90% Pinot Noir and/or Chardonnay

spumante: min 9 months on lees, 30 months total aging

spumante riserva: min 9 months on lees, 36 months total aging

all Alta Langa wines must be vintage dated

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43
Q

List 3 producers of Alta Langa?

A

Fontanafredda
Contratto
Ettore Germano
Enrico Serafino

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44
Q

Brachetto d’Acqui- grapes and styles?

A

min 97% Brachetto

Rosato (still!)
Rosato Spumante
Rosso (maximum pressure 2 bars)
Rosso Spumante (Traditional or Charmat Method)
Rosso Passito- not sparkling

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45
Q

Barbera d’asti- blending grapes allowed?

A

Freisa
Grignolino
Dolcetto

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46
Q

How long must a DOC region be established prior to applying for DOCG status?

A

10 years

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47
Q

True or False: Conegliano Valdobbiadine Cartizze Superiore must be vintage dated.

A

False

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48
Q

When was Goria’s law passed? What did it do?

A

1992

established the category of Indicazione Geografica Tipica (IGT) in Italy. First IGTs appeared in 1994.

an IGT may apply for recognition as a DOC after 5 years

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49
Q

Which river separates Barolo from Barbaresco?

A

Tanaro

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50
Q

Where is the Po river?

A

in Piemonte- it snakes through the region, moving from flowing north to east - most vineyards are in the foothills south of the Po’s valley

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51
Q

In which province is Barolo?

A

Cuneo

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52
Q

In which province is Barbaresco?

A

Cuneo

53
Q

Gattinara
grapes
soil
producers

A

min 90% Spanna, max 10% Bonarda di Gattinara and Vespolina (max 4%)

Gattinara is cooler, and nebbiolo struggled to ripen fully. These grapes ripened earlier and filled out the wine.

soil: volcanic, and clayey marls of tertiary origin, morainic residues of the Sesia River containing pebbles and stones brought downstream by the melting of the alpine glaciers.

Nervi Conterno, Antono Vallana e Figlio, Travaglini

54
Q

What grapes are allowed in Boca DOC?

A

70% - 90% Nebbiolo
10% - 30% Vespolina and/or Uva Rara (Bonarda Novarese)

55
Q

How must Asti DOC wines be fermented?

A

Asti is fermented in autoclaves (Charmat/Martinotti Method)

Asti Metodo Classico- second fermentation in bottle

56
Q

What is the maximum pressure for Moscato d’Asti DOCG?

A

maximum 2.5 bars (not subject to a secondary fermentation)

57
Q

What grapes are allowed in Roero DOCG rosso?

A

Rosso: minimum 95% Nebbiolo, Maximum 5% other non-aromatic red grapes of Piemonte

58
Q

What grapes are allowed in Roero Bianco / Bianco Spumante?

A

Bianco/Bianco Spumante: minimum 95% Arneis, maximum 5% other non-aromatic white grapes of Piemonte

59
Q

What is Barolo Chinato? List a producer other than Cappellano?

A

aromatized wine made from 100% nebiolo, and flavored with quinine

Cappellano
Roagna
Bartolo Mascarello
Damilano
Pio Cesare

60
Q

What is the elevation range in Piedmont?

A

150-450 meters

61
Q

Which Piedmontese grapes are planted on cooler sties?

A

Dolcetto and Moscato Bianco

prized southern facing slopes reserved for Nebbiolo

62
Q

Who bottled the first Barbaresco wine? When?

A

1894- Barbaresco Co-operative, now Produttori del Barbaresco

63
Q

How long is a ‘traditional’ maceration for Barbaresco?

A

40 days

64
Q

Which ripens first- Barbaresco or Barolo?

A

Barbaresco- proximity to the Tanaro = warmer

65
Q

What is the purpose of a rotofermenter?

A

allows for quick extraction of color, and quick fermentation (taking 7-14 days)

wines are less tannic, lighter in color, and ready to drink younger

66
Q

Stylistically how do the wines of La Morra differ from the wines of Castiglione Falletto?

A

Castiglione wines are more intense, structured, La Morra are softer, fruitier, more aromatic

(differnce in soil types- La Morra has Tortonian, Castiglione Faletto has Helvetian)

67
Q

What is the italian word for grape?

A

uva

68
Q

Approx. plantings in Barbaresco?

A

780 ha

69
Q

Approx. plantings in Barolo?

A

2054 ha

70
Q

Nebbiolo d’Alba DOC - styles made?

A

100% Nebbiolo

Rosso
Rosso Superiore
Rosso Spumante
Rosso Spumante Rose

71
Q

Which commune of Barolo has the most plantings? The least?

A

Most- La Morra with 553
Least - Cherasco with 3

72
Q

What are the two co-operatives in Barolo?

A

Arnaldo Rivera, Castiglione Faletto
Vite Colte, Barolo

73
Q

Producers based in Verduno

A

G. B. Burlotto
Fratelli Alessandria
Castello di Verduno

74
Q

Producers based in La Morra

A

Renato Ratti
Mauro Veglio
Oddero Podero e Cantine
Giulia Negri

75
Q

Who made the first widely available map of Barolo top vineyards?

A

Renato Ratti

76
Q

Renato Ratti wines produced

A

Marcenasco- the ‘classico’ bottling from 4 vineyards in La Morra

Rocche dell’Annunziata
Conca
Serradenari

maceration around 30 days, aging mostly in botti

77
Q

Which two wineries did Giacomo Oddero split into? When?

A

in 2005 the family decided to divide the company. This resulted in what became Oddero Poderi e Cantine (kept the brand name) and Figli Luigi Oddero

Vignaironda plantings were split evenly

78
Q

Where is Oddero based? Top wines produced?

A

La Morra, Barolo

Barolo Vignarionda (La Morra)
Barolo Brunate (La Morra)
Barolo Villero (CF)
Barolo Bussia Vigna Mondoca (Monforte)
Barolo Rocche di Castiglione (CF)
Barbaresco Gallina
Barbera d’Alba

79
Q

Producers based in the commune of Barolo

A

Bartolo Mascarello
E Pira & Figli (Chiara Boschis)
Giuseppe Rinaldi
Francesco Rinaldi
Lucio Sandrone
Giacomo Borgogno

80
Q

Bartolo Mascarello- where are they based? Wines produced?

A

Basedin the commune of Barolo. They only have 3ha of Nebbiolo plantings for Barolo, so they make a Barolo, and Barolo Riserva

vineyards:
Barolo: Cannubi, San Lorenzo, Rué
La Morra: Rocche dell’Annunziata

very traditional - 30-50 days maceration

81
Q

E. Pira - top wines? Style?

A

Barolo Cannubi
Barolo Via Nuova (blend of several vineyards)

Currently, the estate is producing wines very modern in style. They are fermented quickly, with short macerations (14 days), in temperature controlled stainless steel, followed by ageing in a combination of botti and new French barriques.

82
Q

Producers based in Monforte d’Alba?

A

Giacomo Conterno
Aldo Conterno
Elio Grasso
Manzone Giovanni
Josetta Saffiro

83
Q

Where is Francia? Who owns it?

A

MGA of Serralunga d’Alba

monopole of Giacomo Conterno

84
Q

Where is Giacomo Conterno Based? Top wines made?

A

based in Monforte d’Alba

Barolo Monfortino: Inaugural vintage 1920.
* 1920-1974: A blend of sites
* 1978-2014: 100% Francia
* 2015-Onward: A Blend of Francia, Ceretta, and Arione

Barolo Cascina Francia: Inaugural vintage 1978.

Barolo Arione: Inaugural vintage 2015.

85
Q

Produttori del Barbaresco - top wines made?

A

Barbaresco Rabajà: Inaugural vintage 1967.
Barbaresco Montestefano
Barbaresco Asili
Barbaresco Pora: Inaugural vintage 1967.
Barbaresco Ovello: Inaugural vintage 1970.

86
Q

Where is Bruno Giacosa based? Top wines made?

A

Neive, Barbaresco

Barbaresco Santo Stefano di Neive: Inaugural vintage 1964.
Barbaresco Asili
Barbaresco Rabaja

Barolo Falletto
Barolo Rocche del Falleto Riserva

87
Q

Producers based in Castiglione Falletto?

A

Giuseppe Mascarello
Cavallotto
Gigi Rosso
Sordo

88
Q

Where is Giuseppe Mascarello based? Top wines made?

A

Castiglione Falletto

Barolo Riserva Monprivato Ca’ d’Morissio (CF)
Barolo Monprivato (CF)
Barolo Santo Stefano (MF)
Barolo Villero (CF)

they own 93% of Monprivato and are the only one to use it on a label. 7ha of prime SW-facing blue-grey clay soils with high active limestone content sitting at 280M. Named as early as 1666.
1st vintage 1970. Made only in best vintages and from Michet clones

89
Q

Cannubi- where is it? Sub-crus? Exposure?

A

Barolo

Cannubi
Cannubi Boschis
Cannubi Valletta
Cannubi Muscatel
Cannubi San Lorenzo

SE exposure

90
Q

Where is Brunate? List 3 producers of Barolo Brunate

A

shared b/t La Morra and Barolo

in La Morra: Ceretto, Voerzio, Vietti
in Barolo: Rinaldi, Marchesi di Barolo

91
Q

Where is Vietti based? Top wines made?

A

Castiglione Faletto

Barolo Riserva Villero (CF)
Barolo Brunate (LM)
Barolo Lazzarito (SdA)
Barolo Rocche
Barolo Castiglione

92
Q

Where is Giuseppe Rinaldi based? Top wines made?

A

Barolo

Barolo Brunate-Le Coste
Barolo Cannubi San Lorenzo-Ravera
Barolo

93
Q

Producers based in Novello?

A

Elvio Cogno
Le Strette

94
Q

Producers based in Serralunga d’Alba

A

Massolino
Giovanni Rosso
Ettore Germano

95
Q

Where is Cerequio? Producers

A

La Morra,Barolo

Michele Chiarlo
Voerzio
Vietti

96
Q

Where is Rocche dell’Annunziata? Producers?

A

La Morra

Corino
Scavino
Ratti

97
Q

Where is Cannubi? Producers?

A

Barolo

Scavino
Prunotto
Sandrone

98
Q

Where is Roagna based? Top wines?

A

Barbaresco

Barbaresco Crichët Pajè
Barbaresco Pajè
Barbaresco Montefico
Barolo Vigna Rionda
Barolo La Rocca e la Pira

99
Q

Where is Elio Altare Based?

A

La Morra

100
Q

What is the minimum elevation for Alta Langhe DOCG?

A

250 m

101
Q

What are the 3 subzones of Asti DOCG? Which gained DOCG status in 2023?

A

Strevi
Santa Vittoria d’Alba
Canelli - DOCG

102
Q

Sant’Agata Fossili Marls: describe this soil type. Name some communes that they dominate in?

A

Limestone, clay and blue-grey marls from the Tortonian Age.

Barolo, La Morra, Verduno, Novello, Grinzane Cavour, Castiglione Falletto

103
Q

Where is MGA Monvigliero? Producer?

A

Verduno
Burlotto
faces south, close to Tanaro

104
Q

Subzones of Barbera d’Asti?

A

Tinella,
Colli Astiani (Astiano)

105
Q

In what 2 vintages since 2015 was the Langhe heavily impacted by frost?

A

2015
2021

106
Q

What is Barolo’s minimum ABV?

A

13% (12.5% potential at harvest)
*for all levels, includes Normale, Riserva, and “menzioni geografiche aggiuntive”

107
Q

Rocche dell’Annunziata
where
producers

A

La Morra

Renato Ratti
Roberto Voerzio
Trediberri
Paolo Scavino
Bartolo Mascarello

108
Q

Cerequio
where
climate
producers

A

Barolo (6ha) / La Morra (18ha)- shared

high magnesium content. perfect exposure + altitude + very warm

Vietti, Michele Chiarlo, Roberto Voerzio, Boroli

109
Q

Cannubi
where
producers

A

Barolo

Michele Chiarlo,
Ceretto,
E Pira,
Bartolo Mascarello,
Marchesi di Barolo

110
Q

Villero
where
producers

A

Castiglione Falletto

Vietti
Giuseppe Mascarello
Brovia
Cordero di Montemezolo

111
Q

What does “bricco” mean in Piemontese dialect?

A

Top of the hillside or ridge
Where the snow melts first

The best translation for the term bricco or bric is crag (“a steep or precipitous rugged rock,” equivalent to the Italian dirupo

112
Q

2 DOC on the west bank of the Sesia River?

A

Bramaterra DOC
Lessona DOC
Gattinara DOC
Cortese della Sesia

113
Q

Dirupo

A

same as Bricco - translates to cliff, crag, precipice. Top of the hill

114
Q

Rocche

A

cliffs

115
Q

poggio

A

small hill

116
Q

Best Barolo vintages between 2000 and 2010?

A

2001
2004
2005
2006
2008
2010

117
Q

Worst Barolo vintages between 2000 and 2010?

A

2002 was a washout due to rain
2003 was too hot/ripe
2007 and 2009 were good not great not bad

118
Q

Best Barolo vintages for 2010 to 2020?

A

2010, 2013, 2016, 2019

119
Q

For Barolo, Barbaresco - Vigna requirements?

A

100% of grapes must be from stated Vigna
Vigna is registered with the consorzio. Must include an MGA + Vigna on label

120
Q

Produttori del Barbaresco’s crus

A

Asili
Rabajà
Pora
Montestefano
Ovello
Pajé
Montefico
Moccagatta
Rio Sordo

121
Q

Barolo producers who blend vineyards?

A

Bartolo Mascarello
Giuseppe Rinaldi

no single vineyards

122
Q

Barolo elevation

A

vineyards may be planted from 170-540 meters; vineyards with complete northern exposures are prohibited.

123
Q

Barbaresco elevation

A

Max 550 meters; vineyards with complete northern exposures are prohibited.

124
Q

Piedmont white wine DOCG - what % of grape?

A

100%
Gavi DOCG
Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG
Loazzolo, Strevi, Canelli - Moscato Bianco

Other DOCG:
Asti: 97% Moscato d’Asti
Roero - Arneis 95%
Terre Alfieri - Arneis 85%
Cortese dell’Alto Monferrato: 85%

125
Q

Colline Novaresi DOC

A

Alto Piemonte umbrella DOC for Ghemme, Sizzano, Boca, Fara

126
Q

Coste delle Sesia DOC

A

Umbrella DOC for Gattinara, Bramaterra, Lessonna

127
Q

Who is known for bringing back Timorasso from near extinction in the 80s?

A

Walter Massa.

Others now championing the variety: Claudio Mariotto, La Colombera, Roagna, and Oltretorrente, Vientiane

128
Q

Dopoguerra

A

(Italian) post WWII bulk winemaking