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Master Sommelier Theory 2025 > Italy: Central > Flashcards

Italy: Central Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

Umbria - important DOCs and DOCGs

A

Orvieto DOC- whites from Grechetto, Trebbiano
Sagrantino di Montefalco DOCG- reds from Sagrantino
Torgiano Rosso Riserva DOCG- reds from Sangiovese

River Tiber (Tevere) flows through the region

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2
Q

Orvieto DOC
grapes, styles

A

Umbria, central Italy

minimum 60% Trebbiano Toscano (Procanico) and Grechetto (di Orvieto and di Todi (Pignoletto) )

maximum 40% other white grapes suitable for cultivation in Umbria and the province of Viterbo (i.e. Verdello, Drupeggio, Canaiolo Blanco, Malvasia Toscana)

made in sweet and dry styles

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3
Q

Orvieto DOC
geography

A

Umbria, central Italy

Tufa soils (similar to Vouvray), and a higher concentration in the Classico region

Paglia river flows through Orvieto before meeting with the Tiber

Lago di Corbara in the east- provides fog that encourages botrytis for sweet wines

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4
Q

Montefalco Sagrantino DOCG

styles
important communes
geography

A

in Umbria, Italy. History of sweet passito wines, but today the focus is dry wines, thanks in part to producer Arnaldo Caprai.

100% Sagrantino

Secco: 13%
Secco with “Vigna” indication: 13.5%
Passito: 11% (18% potential) — 80-180 g/l RS

communes: Montefalco, Bevagna, Gualdo Cattaneo, Castel Ritaldi, and Giano dell’Umbria

Martani Mountains (part of the Alps), fluvial deposits from the Bastardo Basin. fluvial and alluvial clay soils with high calcareous content.

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5
Q

appassimento for Sagrantino?

A

Sagrantino is aggressively tannic. Using the appassimento process on some of the grapes (partially drying) helps to break down the tannins

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6
Q

Montefalco DOC

A

same area as Sagrantino Montefalco DOCG

whites based on either Trebbiano (min 50%) or Grechetto (min 85%)

reds: minimum 60% - 80% Sangiovese; minimum 10% - 25% Sagrantino; maximum 30% other black grapes suitable for cultivation in Umbria

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7
Q

Torgiano DOC

A

in Umbria

whites: Trebbiano + others
red: Sangiovese
also: Spumante, late harvest, vin santo, varietal: Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay Pinot Grigio or Riesling Italico

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8
Q

Torgiano Rosso Riserva

A

DOCG in Umbria

Minimum 70% Sangiovese
Maximum 30% other red grapes suitable for cultivation in Perugia

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9
Q

Umbria- name two producers

A

Paolo Bea- best

Lungarotti

Arnaldo Caprai

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10
Q

Marche- important grapes

A

white: Verdicchio, Pecorino, Passerina (Verdicchio di Matelica, Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva)

red: Montepulciano, Sangiovese, Vernaccia (Conero, Vernacci di Serrapetrona, Offida)

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11
Q

Abruzzo important DOC and DOCG

A

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOC
Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane DOCG

Trebbiano d’Abruzzo DOC

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12
Q

Abruzzo- name 2 producers

A

Emidio Pepe

Edoardo Valentini

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13
Q

Lazio - important grapes?

A

Trebbiano, Malvasia

Rome is here!

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14
Q

Molise- important DOC? Grapes?

A

Biferno DOC- whites from Trebbiano; reds from Montepulciano*, Aglianico

Tintilia del Molise DOC- red & rose from local red grape
Molise DOC

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15
Q

Italian regions with no DOCG

A

Calabria
Liguria
Molise
Trentino-Alto Adige
Valle d’Aosta

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16
Q

Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva DOCG

A

in the Marche corresponding DOC: Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi.

DOCG: dry wine only, min 12.5% abv
DOC: allows bianco, spumante, passito, classico, classico superiore. ** has MGAs **

both min 85% Verdicchio

DOCG aging: 18 months from December 1 of the harvest year, including at least 6 months in the bottle

producers: Santa Barbara Stefano Antonucci, La Staffa, Andrea Felici

Castelli di Jesi is the larger of the two Verdicchio areas

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17
Q

Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva DOCG

A

in Marche. corresponding DOC: Verdicchio di Matelica. Both min 85%

DOCG: dry wine only, min 12.5% abv
DOC: allows bianco, spumante, passito

Wines are grown in the Alta Vallesina, a high valley with a rare north-south orientation, protected from the maritime influence experienced by Castelli di Jesi. Average 350 m, but up to 720 m elevation. Steep inclines, limestone based soils = higher acid than di Jesi.

Matelica area is about 1/10th the size of Castelli di Jesi

producers: Bisci, Borgo Paglionetto

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18
Q

Offida DOCG

A

in the southern Marche, in Ascoli Piceno and Fermo provinces

Pecorino (Bianco) - min 85%
Passerina (Bianco) - min 85%
Offida Rosso- min 85% Montepulciano

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19
Q

Rosso Piceno DOC

A

in the southern Marche

Rosso/Rosso Novello/Rosso Superiore
35% - 85% Montepulciano
15% - 50% Sangiovese
maximum 15% non-aromatic red grapes suitable for cultivation in Marche

Varietal Sangiovese
minimum 85% Sangiovese
maximum 15% non-aromatic red grapes suitable for cultivation in Marche

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20
Q

Conero DOCG

A

in the Marche, also called Conero Riserva DOCG. Rosso Conero is corresponding DOC

Minimum 85% Montepulciano
Maximum 15% Sangiovese

limestone-heavy soils, yielding Montepulciano wines that are more tannic and austere than those grown further south in Abruzzo

min 2 years aging

21
Q

Lacrima di Morro d’Alba DOC

A

in the Marche. lacrima = tear, likely because of the tear drop shaped berries

minimum 85% Lacrima, in dry red and passito styles.

governo is commonly used

22
Q

Vernaccia di Serrapetrona DOCG

A

in the Marche. Corresponding DOC: Serrapetrona.

rosso: min 85% Vernaccia
DOC: dry reds
DOCG: sparkling red! sweet or dry

** 3 FERMENTATIONS ** The first fermentation uses up to 60 percent of the grapes handpicked in October. Under DOCG rules, at least 40 percent must be dried on straw mats and added to the wine in January for its second fermentation. The third stage occurs after the wine has rested for a few months, and is then put into sealed pressurized where it undergoes the Charmat method

23
Q

Frascati

A

in Lazio, 3 nested areas:

Frascati Superiore DOCG: dry white wines

Cannellino di Frascati DOCG: Vendemmia Tardiva

Frascati DOC: Bianco (secco, amabile, or abboccato); Spumante (brut, or extra dry)

ALL
Minimum 70% combined Malvasia Bianca di Candia and/or Malvasia del Lazio

Maximum 30% Bellone, Bombino Bianco, Greco Bianco, Trebbiano Toscano, and/or Trebbiano Giallo

24
Q

abbocato

A

italian- slightly sweet. Orvieto, Frascati

25
Q

Cesanese

A

grape in Lazio, Italy

two distinct varieties: Cesanese Comune and Cesanese di Affile

Affile: smaller berries, finicky, prefers higher elevation sites

Comune: more widely used

Cesanese di Olevano DOC - plains, so Comune
Cesanese di Affile DOC - Afile
Cesanese del Piglio DOCG - Afile

26
Q

Como Grande

A

highest peak of the Appeninne Mountains, at over 2,900 meters (9,500 feet) above sea level, the highest point in Italy outside the Alps and Mount Etna.

in Abruzzo, Italy

27
Q

mezzadria

A

italian word for sharecropping

28
Q

Montepulciano (grape)

A

most likely originated in the mountainous Peligna valley of Abruzzo and plays a starring role in most of the region’s DOC/Gs.

Because it accumulates sugar easily but its pip tannins ripen very slowly, colder, mountainous terroirs are preferred for achieving slow, even ripening and for avoiding unripe flavors

29
Q

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOC

A

min. 85% Montepulciano

labeled with subzone:
Terre di Casauria: 100% Montepulciano.
Terre dei Vestini/Teate: min. 90%
Alto Tirino/Terre dei Peligni: min. 95%

Rosso: Wines may be released March 1 on the year following harvest.

Rosso Riserva: Wines must be aged for a min. 2 years from November 1 on the year of harvest, including min 9 months in wood.

*subzones all have different aging

maximum elevation of 600 meters (1,970 feet) generally, or up to 700 meters (2,300 feet) for vineyards with direct southern exposure.

30
Q

Colline Teramane Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOCG

A

previously a subzone of Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOC, elevated in 2003

Minimum 90% Montepulciano
Maximum 10% Sangiovese

min 12.5% abv (vs 12% base for DOC)

Minimum 1 year from November 1 of the harvest year, including 2 months in bottle

Riserva: Minimum 3 years from November 1 of the harvest year, including a minimum one year in either oak or chestnut and a minimum 6 months in bottle

31
Q

White wine DOCG in Marche

A

Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva DOCG
Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva DOCG
Offida DOCG (also allows red)

32
Q

red wine DOCGs Marche

A

Cònero (Cònero Riserva) DOCG
Offida DOCG (also allows white)
Vernaccia di Serrapetrona DOCG (rosso spumate)

33
Q

two DOCG of Umbria

A

Montefalco Sagrantino DOCG Rosso (Secco, Passito)

Torgiano Rosso Riserva DOCG Rosso (riserva)

34
Q

red wine DOCG Lazio

A

Cesanese del Piglio (Piglio) DOCG

35
Q

white wine DOCG Lazio

A

Cannellino di Frascati DOCG (late harvest)
Frascati Superiore DOCG

36
Q

DOCG of Abruzzo

A

only 2

Colline Teramane Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOCG (rosso)

Terre Tollesi / Tullum DOCG - Rosso (Normale, Riserva), Varietal (Pecorino, Passerina), Spumante Bianco

37
Q

Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo DOC

A

rosato
Min. 85% Montepulciano, max. 15% other red grapes suitable for production in Abruzzo.

Cerasuolo comes from the Italian word for “cherry,” and, until the 1970s, this was an unofficial term to describe the darker color of Italian rosato. In Abruzzo, Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo DOC is named for the cherry color of its rosato wines. In Sicily, however, Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG is not a rosato but a red wine, named for either the cherry flavor of the wine or the red color of the terra rossa soils.

38
Q

Trebbiano d’Abruzzo DOC

A

Min. 85% combined Trebbiano Abruzzese, Trebbiano Toscano, and/or Bombino Bianco.

note: Abruzzese is a superior and different grape to Trebbiano Toscano.

39
Q

Abruzzo DOC

A

same boundaries as: Montepulciano d’Abruzzo, Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo, and Trebbiano d’Abruzzo

wide range of dry, sparkling, and sweet passito wines

40
Q

Trabocco

A

Sparkling wines made from native grape varieties using the tank method can be labeled Trabocco, an unofficial term trademarked by the consorzio and named for trabocchi, the fishing platforms at the end of piers that are common on the Adriatic coast.

Abruzzo, Italy

41
Q

Ortona DOC

A

Abruzzo

white: min. 70% combined Trebbiano Abruzzese and/or Trebbiano Toscano

red: min 95% Montepulciano

42
Q

2023 changes in Abruzzo

A

new subzones- for Abruzzo, Montepulciano d’Abruzzo, Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo, and Trebbiano d’Abruzzo:

Colline Pescaresi (Pescara province), Colline Teramane (Teramo province), Terre di Chieti (Chieti province), and Terre Aquilane or Terre de L’Aquila (L’Aquila province).

exception for Montepulciano d’Abruzzo, because the name Colline Teramane is already used for a separate DOCG there. In Montepulciano d’Abruzzo, the Colline Teramane subzone is instead called San Martino sulla Marrucina, named for the commune of the same name.

Other changes were also introduced, including adding Superiore and Riserva levels where they did not already exist, and making those levels exclusive to, and required for, the subzones. Abruzzo DOC also introduced a new rosato category, based on a minimum of 85% Montepulciano, making it a parallel to Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo.

43
Q

river in Castelli di Jesi

A

Esino River

44
Q

Vernaccia Nera

A

genetically identical to Grenache

primary grape in both Serrapetrona DOC and Vernaccia di Serrapetrona DOCG in the Marche

45
Q

Castelli di Jesi overlaps with what red wine DOC?

A

Lacrima di Morra d’Alba DOC

46
Q

Est! Est!! Est!!! di Montefiascone DOC

A

50-65% Trebbiano Toscano (Procanico)
25-40% Trebbiano Giallo (Rossetto)
10-20% Malvasia Bianco Lunga and/or Malvasia del Lazio
max. 15% “others”

47
Q

Lazio’s top red grape

A

Cesanese

48
Q

capital of Le Marche?

A

Ancona - strategically important port city

49
Q

Titulus bottle

A

designed by Milanese architect Antonio Maiocchi for Battaglia, designed to look like an amphorae / actress Gina Lollobrigida. made the Verdicchio recognizable and contributed to its popularity.

Master Sommelier Theory 2025 (58 decks)

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