FR: Loire Flashcards
What are the four appellations for Melon de Bourgogne in the Pays Nantais?
Muscadet
Muscadet Sevre et Maine
Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu
Muscadet Côteaux de la Loire
major city here is Nantes
Which Muscadet appellation allows blending?
Muscadet AOP: min 90% Melon B, max 10% Chardonnay
Côteaux d’Ancenis AOP
grapes
Styles
Within Pays Nantais
White from Pinot Gris
Rose and Red: Gamay w/max 10% CF
Pinot Gris may be bottled varietally as “Malvoisie”
Gros Plant du Pays Nantais
in Pays Nantais
white, min 70% Folle Blanche (gros plant), with Montils and a max. 10% Colombard
can be labeled “sur lie”
Fiefs Vendéens AC: location and grapes
Within Pays Nantais. majority red and rose production. blends based on appellation (lots of varied soils here)
white: min 60% Chenin Blanc
rose: typically PN - Gamay blends
red: Pinot Noir or Cabernet Franc blended with Négrette
AOC est 2011
Requirements to label Sur Lie in Pays Nantais
Wine is aged on its lees throughout the winter, bottled directly off the lees without filtration between March 30th and November 30th of year following harvest
What are the rosé appellations in Anjou-Saumur? Grapes for each?
Rosé d’Anjou (Grolleau (Groslot), Grolleau Gris, Cab. Franc, Cab. Sauvignon, Cot, Gamay, Pineau d’Aunis)
Cabernet d’Anjou (CF / CS)
Cabernet d’Anjou AOP
Rosé: Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon- can be blend or single varietal
min 10g/l RS
Minimum Alcohol: 10.5% (10% acquired)
Rosé d’Anjou
Rosé: Grolleau (Groslot), Grolleau Gris, Cab. Franc, Cab. Sauvignon, Cot, Gamay, Pineau d’Aunis
min 7g/l RS
Minimum Alcohol: 9.5% (9% acquired)
Rosé de Loire AOP
spread over Anjou and Touraine, dry rose from Grolleau (Groslot), Grolleau Gris, Cab. Franc, Cab. Sauvignon, Cot, Gamay, Pineau d’Aunis
dry! max 3 g/l residual sugar
Anjou AOP
around 60% red production
white: based on chenin- can be dry, demi-sec, moelleux, or doux
red and rose: CF, CS with max. 30% combined Pineau d’Aunis and Grolleau
varietally labeled Gamay
sparkling blanc and rosé
“rouget:” term for light bodied reds made from CF and CS
Sweet wine appellations in Anjou-Saumur
Côteaux du Layon AC, including
Quarts de Chaume AC
Bonnezeaux AC
Côteaux de l’Aubance
Côteaux de Saumur
Quarts de Chaume AOP
100% Chenin
- Grapes affected by passerillage (air dried) OR botrytis, must be hand harvested in tries
- Cryoextraction is currently prohibited by law, but a transitional agreement allows the practice through 2019
- lieu dits: Les Quarts, Les Rouers, Le Veau
min 298 g/l must weight
min 85 g/l RS
NO Chaptalization
max 20hl/ha
hill of Chaume
home of Quarts de Chaume, and Ctx du Layon Chaume Premier Cru
highest point in the area at 100m elevation, this 40-hectare appellation sits on a bed of complex soils that include Broverian schists and pudding sandstones. The vines grow on a thin layer of clay between 25 and 75 meters above sea level, on steep, south-facing slopes overlooking the Layon River.
the hill is sheltered from north winds, and follows a curve in the river, making it ideally situated for the production of sweet wines
What villages may append their name to Côteaux du Layon AOP?
Beaulieu-sur-Layon
Rochefort-sur-Loire
Face d’Anjou
St. Lambert du Lattay
St. Aubin de Luigné
Rablay-sur-Layon
Chaume
List the lieu dit of Quarts de Chaume
Les Quarts
Les Roueres
Le Veau
Bonnezeaux AC
100% Chenin
Grapes MAY be affected by botrytis, must be hand harvested in tries
min 15% potential (12% acquired, or 11% acquired if potential alcohol is at least 18%)
Min 51 g/l RS
Chaptalization allowed (it’s not for Quarts de Chaume)
Ch. des Fesles, Terrebrune
Anjou-Saumur appellations for dry Chenin
Savennieres AC, including Coulée de Serrant AOC and La Roche aux Moins AOC
Savennieres AOP
on north banks of Loire. south facing vines. ample sun, not a ton of rain. this is Anjou Noir territory- blue schist, volcanic rock
includes Roche Aux Moines and Coulée de Serrant AOPs
Communes of Production: Bouchemaine, La Possonnière, Savennières
100% Chenin
min potential: 11.5% (11% acquired)
Sec: Max. 4 g/l (max. 8 g/l if total acidity is within 2 g/l of the residual sugar)
Demi-Sec: Max. 18 g/l
Moelleux: 18-45 g/l
Doux: more than 45 g/l
Sec/Demi-Sec: 50 hl/ha
Moelleux/Doux: 35 hl/ha
Roche Aux Moins 35 hl/ha
Coulée de Serrant 30 hl/ha
Coulée de Serrant AOP
monopole of Nicolas Joly within Savennières AOP - same sweetness levels
100% Chenin
Sec min potential: 12.5% (11.5% acquired)
max 30hl/ ha
sections:
Grand Clos de la Coulée
Clos du Château
Les Plantes
Savennieres exposure and soil type
Steep southern exposure, blue schist and volcanic soils
Côteaux du Layon AOP
on banks of Layon river, sandstone and schist soils. very favorable for dessert wines: grapes are on exposed, sunny slopes, rainfall is lower than in surrounding areas, temperatures are slightly higher, and Layon river offers humidity that helps foster botrytis
min 34 g/l RS (221g must weight)
- SGN - min 323 g/l must weight
- with village designation: 54 g/l (238g must weight)
- Chaume 1er cru: min 80 g/l (272g must weight)
no chaptalization for SGN or 1er cru. hand harvested
max 35hl/ha
village: 30hl/ha
1er: 25 hl/ha
(Anjou Saumur)
Saumur soil type
Soft tuffeau limestone
List 3 producers Saumur
Domaine du Collier
Domaine Guiberteau
Clos Rougeard
Arnaud Lambert Domaine de Saint-Jean
List two producers Anjou
Clau du Nell
Richard Leroy
White wine appellations Touraine
Vouvray
Jasnieres (Chenin)
Montlouis sur Loire (Chenin)
Cour-Cheverny (romarantin)
Cheverny AOC
Touraine- all wines are blends
whites: SB and SG
reds: PN and Gamay
Cour Cheverny AOP
Touraine
Romarantin (Pinot x Gouais Blanc)
sec: up to 8 g/l RS
off dry: more than 8g, may not be chaptalized
Montlouis sur Loire AOP
Touraine, south of Vouvray. same yellow tuffeau
Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
Vin Mousseux/Pétillant
Vin Mousseux à Fermentation Unique (ancestral method- must be disgorged. 9m ees)
Jasnieres AOP
Loire Valley, Touraine,
100 % Chenin
blanc sec: up to 8 g/l RS
blanc: 12 or more g/l RS
Vouvray AOP
Min 95% Chenin, max 5% Orbois
vin blanc and mousseaux / pétillant (12m total aging)
Vouvray AC only defines sec - up to 8 g/l RS
otherwise, defers to EU standards:
Demi-Sec / Sec Tendre: up to 12 (17? 18?) g/l
Moelleux: 12 (17? 18?) -45
Doux: over 45 g/l
soil: yellow tuffeau limestone. some vineyards directly on it, other have a flint-clay topsoil (known locally as perruches)
slopes are known as premieres cotes- with the flint-clay topsoil
premiere cotes Loire
slopes in Vouvray with flint-clay topsoil, “perruches”, over yellow tuffeau limestone
Touraine Noble-Joué AOP
In Touraine.
Rose: Historical style of vin gris made from Meunier and Pinot Gris
Major appellations Touraine
Vouvray
Chinon
Bourgueil
St. Nic de Bourgueil
Vouvray vineyards
Huet: Le Haut Lieu, Le Mont, Clos du Bourg
Clos Naudin: Les Perruches, Les Ruettes
Chinon AOP
grapes
soils
river
vineyards
in Touraine, south of the Loire. vineyards on banks of Vienne River
white from 100% Chenin
reds: Cab Franc with max 10% CS
Tuffeau- on the slopes, best sites
Varennes- sandy alluvial on banks of Vienne river
Clay- tops of hills generally
notable vineyards: Le Clos de l’Olive, Le Chêne Vert, and La Croix Boissée
Vouvray soil type
Soft tuffeau limestone
What is tuffeau?
soft limestone soil in the Loire (Saumur, Chinon, Vouvray). It is porous and well draining. Many of the buildings there are constructed from it
List 3 producers Vouvray
François Chidaine (but based in Montlouis sur Loire)
Champalou
Huet
Philippe Foreau Domaine Clos Naudin
Domaine Pichot
List 3 producers Chinon
Charles Joguet
Bernard Baudry
Olga Raffault
Couly Dutheil
Domaine de Pallus
Central vineyards white wine only appellatins
Pouilly Fumé (SB)
Quincy (SB)
Pouilly sur Loire (Chasselas)
Pouilly Fumé AOP
grapes
soils
producers
Central Vineyards
blanc 100% Sauvignon Blanc
soils: Kimmeridgian marl, Oxfordian limestone (caillottes), flint (silex), clay-siliceous soils
producers: Dagueneau is based here, but labels VDF, Alphonse Mellot, Chateau de Tracy, La Doucette
Pouilly sur Loire AOP
Central Vineyards
Chasselas
Orleans-Cléry AOP
Central Vineyards
Cabernet Franc