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Master Sommelier Theory 2025 > Germany: Mosel + Ahr + Sachsen + Saale Unstrut > Flashcards

Germany: Mosel + Ahr + Sachsen + Saale Unstrut Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

German term for estate bottled

A

Gustabfüllung
Erzeugerabfüllung

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2
Q

German term for noble rot

A

edelfaule

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3
Q

German term for old vines

A

alte reben

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4
Q

German term for vineyard

A

einzellage

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5
Q

In which river’s valley is Sachsen located?

A

(in former East Germany)

Elbe River.

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6
Q

Anbaugebiet formerly in East Germany?

A

Sachsen and Saale-Unstrut. Following Germany’s 1990 reunification, the country’s total number of Anbaugebiete increased from 11 to 13 with the addition of these two.

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7
Q

Sachsen main grapes?

A

Muller Thurgau is most planted, then Riesling and Weissburgunder

Also goldriesling - an aromatic crossing developed in Alsace

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8
Q

What is Germany’s northernmost wine growing region?

A

Saale-Unstrut, at 51 degrees latitude

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9
Q

Germany easternmost region

A

Sachsen

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10
Q

Saale-Unstrut grapes?

A

Müller-Thurgau, Weißburgunder, Riesling, Silvaner

Cold climate, 51st degree latitude!

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11
Q

List the 5 annual German wine auctions

A

March: Hessische Staatsweingüter, held at Kloster Eberbach in Rheingau. Wines from Rheingau and Hessische-Bergstrasse

September, on a Thursday - Sunday:

Thursday: Bernkasteler Ring in Mosel
Friday: VDP Grosser Ring in Mosel
Saturday: VDP Rheingau holds an auction at Kloster Eberbach.
Sunday: VDP Nahe-Ahr. From 2007, some VDP wineries from Rheinhessen and Pfalz also participate

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12
Q

What is a bereich?

A

translates to area - larger than a village, smaller than anbaugebiete

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13
Q

List the six bereich of the Mosel

A

Bernkastel- 3/4 of mosel plantings are here
Burg Cochem (Terrassenmosel)
Obermosel
(along the Mosel)

Saar
Ruwertal

Moseltor

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14
Q

Mittelmosel- soil type? average annual temperature?

A

lots of dark blue Devonian slate
some red slate near Erden

soils are heat retaining, and well draining.

average annual temperature is 49 F - quite cool! slate soil retains heat, and the river reflects heat back into the vineyards

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15
Q

What is the german word for monopole?

A

alleinbesitz, translates to “sole ownership”

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16
Q

Saar - important villages?

A

Saar is an area in Mosel, along Saar river

Wiltingen, Saarburg

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17
Q

Ruwer important villages?

A

Ruwer is an area in Mosel, along the Ruwer river (more of a stream)

Eitelsbach
Mertesdorf

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18
Q

Trittenheim - where is it? List a vineyard

A

village in Mosel

Apotheke

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19
Q

Piesport - where is it? List a vineyard

A

village in Mosel

Goldtröpfchen, Domherr

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20
Q

Brauneberg - where is it? List a vineyard

A

village in Mosel

Juffer,
Juffer Sonnenuhr*

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21
Q

Bernkastel-Kues- where is it? List a vineyard

A

village in Mosel

Doctor
Lay
Badstube
Johannisbrünnchen
Graben

(all GL)

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22
Q

Graach an der Mosel - where is it? List a vineyard

A

village in Mosel

Domprobst, Josephshöfer- monople of Reichsgraf von Kesselstatt

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23
Q

Wehlen - where is it? List a vineyard

A

village in Mosel

Sonnenuhr

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24
Q

Zeltingen - where is it? List a vineyard

A

village in Mosel

Sonnenuhr

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25
Q

Ürzig - where is it? List a vineyard

A

village in Mosel

Würzgarten

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26
Q

Erden - where is it? List a vineyard

A

village in Mosel

Prälat, Treppchen

red slate!

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27
Q

List 5 producers Mosel

A

Selbach Oster
AJ Adam
Schloss Lieser
Loewen
Dr Loosen
Karthauserhof
Egon Muller
Willi Schafer

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28
Q

Where does the Mosel start and end?

A

starts in the Vosges Mountains in France (Moselle AOP)
meets the Rhine river in Koblenz

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29
Q

traditional vine training in the Mosel?

A

single-post system: growers train vines upright, without wires, employing either a vertical cordon or two canes, wrapped in a characteristic heart-shaped bow. Absent wires, vineyard workers have much more freedom of movement to navigate the difficult terrain. (Pulleys and cables are still required in some places to move machinery.)

downside: In order to improve airflow and reduce botrytis, leaf removal is necessary, but this increases sun exposure, which can lead to TDN-based flavors (petrol) in Riesling.

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30
Q

What is ortsteil

A

german for ‘district’

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31
Q

On which line of latitude does the Ahr lie? Describe the climate

A

50th parallel!

Warmer than the Mosel though, it is sheltered from cold winds by the Eifel Mountains. Volcanic slate retains heat.

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32
Q

What is the predominant grape in the Ahr?

A

Spätburgunder

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33
Q

Frühburgunder

A

early ripening mutation of Spatburgunder. Pinot Noir Precocé in France

it ripens 2 weeks earlier than almost anything else- so it’s a target for birds and wasps- netting is necessary. it’s thicker skinned than Spatburgunder, with more color and less acidity in the glass

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34
Q

Ahr- Village and vineyard?

A

Bereich: Walporzheim-Ahrtal

Grosslage: Klosterberg

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35
Q

Ahr - geography and soil

A

the Ahr is a tiny river, and the vineyards are too far from it to really be affected.

Slopes are steep, slate soil.
Lower Ahr: Basalt derived clay, sand atop slate
Upper Ahr: almost pure slate. no phylloxera, very old vines

50 degrees N!

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36
Q

Ahr Climate

A

or- how can they ripen Pinot Noir?!

benefits from the moderating influence of the Gulf Stream, and the growing season here is longer than in nearby regions like Mittelrhein or the Mosel.

The whole region is a canyon, protected from wind and rain amidst the low Eifel Mountains. In this rain shadow, sunlight hours are correspondingly higher, and the region experiences fewer bouts of botrytis than the Mosel.

The dark slate soils of Ahr vineyards store heat for chilly evenings, and south-facing aspects are essential. All of the Ahr’s best vineyards and Grosse Lage sites are on steep slopes above the river’s northern banks. Despite the threat of erosion, almost all Ahr vineyard rows run down the slopes (north-south) in order to maximize sun exposure

all this being said- chaptalization is common, and whole cluster is impossible b/c stems are green still at harvest

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37
Q

Ahr grapes allowed for GL?

A

Pinot Noir, Frühburgunder. Exclusively noble sweet: Riesling

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38
Q

Where is the Mittelrhein?

A

it follows the course of the Rhine before it reaches Rheingau. Perpendicular to the Mosel. In the center is Koblenz, and where the Mosel meets the Rhine.

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39
Q

Mittelrhein- grapes? Village and Vineyard?

A

predominantly Riesling

Bereich:
Loreley- in the south. most vineyards and all GL are here
Siebengebirge

Villages: Bacharach and Oberwesel - best sites in side valleys, not many south facing slopes here

devonian slate soils

40
Q

lieblich

A

medium sweet- term used in Mosel

41
Q

What is the Ochsle range for Kabinett wines?

A

minimums range form 70-85 degrees

42
Q

What is the Ochsle range for Spatlese wines?

A

minimums range from 76-95 degrees

43
Q

What is the Ochsle range for Auslese wines?

A

minimums range from 83 to 105 degrees

44
Q

What is the Ochsle range for Beerenauslese wines?

A

minimums range from 110-128 degrees

45
Q

What is the Ochsle range for TBA wines?

A

minimums range from 150-154 degrees

46
Q

What is the Ochsle range for Eiswein?

A

minimums range from 110-128 degrees

47
Q

What does the Ochsle scale measure? What is one degree Ochsle?

A

The Oechsle scale is a hydrometer scale measuring the density of grape must, which is an indication of grape ripeness and sugar content used in wine-making. It is named for Ferdinand Oechsle

On the Oechsle scale, one degree Oechsle corresponds to one gram of the difference between the mass of one litre of must at 20 °C and 1 kg (the mass of 1 litre of water)

48
Q

VDP Grosse Lage requirements?

A

grapes harvested by hand at a maximum yield of 50 hl/ha.

If dry, the wines are denoted by the initials “GG” (Grosses Gewächs), sweet wines are labeled by traditional prädikat levels.

Grosses Gewächs wines are legally considered trocken and may not contain more than 9 g/l of residual sugar.

In the Rheingau, Grosses Gewächs wines frequently carry the alternative label of Erstes Gewächs, a trademarked term established by Charta. While Grosses Gewächs is barred by German wine law from appearing on wine labels—hence its indication by initials—Erstes Gewächs is a legally authorized term, and it may be spelled out in full

49
Q

What does an AP number tell you?

A

Region Tested
Commune Where Bottled
Bottler’s Code
Cuvee Code
Year Sample Submitted

50
Q

Where does the Rhine River start and end?

A

Swiss Alps, flows into the North Sea (2nd longest after the Danube)

51
Q

Exceptions to Germany’s 1971 Wine Law size requirement (i.e. smaller than 5ha)

A

Bernkasteler Doctor
Forster Kirchenstuck
Forster Freundstuck
Schloss Vollrads

52
Q

Sachsen important villages?

A

Proschwitz
Rottewitz
Pillnitz

53
Q

Where is Proschwitz? Vineyard and Producer?

A

Village in Sachsen

GL Vineyard Schloss Proschwitz is an alleinbesitz (monopole) of producer Schloss Proschwitz

54
Q

Where is Rottewitz? Vineyard and Producer?

A

Village in Sachsen

GL Vineyard Schloss Proschwitz is an alleinbesitz (monopole) of producer Schloss Proschwitz

55
Q

Where is Pillnitz? Vineyard?

A

Village in Sachsen

GL Vineyard Königlicher Weinberg

56
Q

Important village in Saale-Unstrut?

A

Karsdorf
Freyburg
Naumberg

57
Q

Where is Karsdorf? Vineyard?

A

Village in Saale-Unstrut

GL vineyard Hohe Gräte

58
Q

Where is Freyburg? Vineyard?

A

Village in Saale-Unstrut

GL vineyard Edelacker

Weingut Bernard Pawis

59
Q

Where is Naumberg? Vineyard?

A

Village in Saale-Unstrut

GL vineyard Steinmeister

60
Q

Name a producer from Saale-Unstrut?

A

Weingut Bernard Pawis

61
Q

Name a producer from Sachsen?

A

Schloss Proschwitz

62
Q

Villages in Bernkastel?

A

(area in Mosel)

Pünderich, Enkirch, Traben-Trarbach, Wolf, Kröv, Lösnich, Erden, Ürzig, Zeltingen, Wehlen, Graach an der Mosel, Bernkastel-Kues, Lieser, Brauneberg, Kesten, Wintrich, Piesport, Dhron, Neumagen, Trittenheim, Leiwen

63
Q

What are the top 3 planted white grapes in the Mosel?

A

Riesling: 5,395 ha
Müller-Thurgau: 1,092 ha
Elbling: 512 ha

64
Q

What hills are on either side of the Mosel River, creating the valley?

A

Hunsrück hills and the Eifel Mountains

65
Q

Who mandated Riesling plantings in the Mosel early on?

A

Archbishop of Trier, Clemens Wenceslaus, who in 1786 decreed a mandatory shift to Riesling throughout the vineyards- previously Elbing and field blends dominated

66
Q

What is the steepest recorded vineyard in the world? Where is it?

A

At 65° degrees incline, Bremmer Calmont is often cited as the steepest recorded vineyard in the world

however, Engelsfelden vineyard in the Bühler Valley (Bühlertal) in the Baden region is documented at 75°

67
Q

What are the Ochsle minimums for Riesling in Mosel?

A

Kabinett 73,
Spatlese 80,
Auslese 88,
BA/Eis 110,
TBA 150

68
Q

Important vineyards in Grach?

A

(in Bernkastel, Mosel)

Himmelreich GL - best

also Josephshöfer GL

69
Q

Ruwer- where is this? Important producers?

A

area in the Mosel, also a tributary to the Mosel

Maximin Grunhaüs
Karthäuserhof

70
Q

Saar - important villages and vineyards

A

Saarburg - Rausch

Kanzem- Altenberg, Hörecker

Wiltingen - Scharzhofberg, Brauner Kupp

71
Q

What is the german word for chaptalization?

A

anreicherung
translates to “enrichment”

72
Q

What is Gallization?

A

process in which sugar solution is added to the finished wine, which was widely considered to undermine quality - part of what sparked the formation of the VDP

also: Nassverbesserung

73
Q

What was the precursor to the VDP called?

A

Verband Deutscher Naturweinversteigerer (VDNW) - formed in 1910, looking to set a higher standard than the wine law at the time. Focused on naturally ripened / unadulterated wines

74
Q

Top producers in Saar?

A

Egon Müller
Marcus Molitor
Van Volxem

75
Q

What are some benefits of the slate soil in the Mosel?

A

Heat retaining- average annual temp is 50 F, well draining, phylloxera resistant

76
Q

What is the soil type in the Obermosel?

A

Calcareous soils replace slate here- in the Paris Basin (Champagne, Chablis, eastern Loire)

77
Q

Top producers in Piesport?

A

Reichsgraff von Kesselstatt

Reinhold Haart

78
Q

What are the two most common grosslagen within Bernkastel?

A

Badstube, Michelsberg

79
Q

Mosel climate

A

one of the coolest in Germany- average annual temperature is around 50 F, growing season is 100 days

warmest sites are on the Mosel itself, on south and SW facing slopes

80
Q

Germany’s first single-vineyard PDOs?

A

in Burg Cochem (Terrassenmosel), in the village Uhlen: Blaufüsser Lay, Roth Lay, and Laubach. These were approved by the EU in 2018.

81
Q

Terrassenmosel

A

aka Lower Mosel
aka Burg Cochem

82
Q

Mosel grapes allowed for VDP GL?

A

Riesling
Spatburgunder

83
Q

Regional co-op Mosel

A

The Moselland eG in Bernkastel is the largest winegrowers’ cooperative in Rhineland-Palatinate. It was founded in 1968 and is an association of regional cooperatives.

around 1/5th of mosel production is in region co-ops in Bernkastel Kues

84
Q

Mosel ha planted

A

8536 ha
524 einzellagen

5th largest in Germany
3rd largest in production

85
Q

Maximin Grunhaus
where?
vineyards?

A

on left bank of the Ruwer, in the Mosel. Vineyards: Abtsberg, Herrenberg, Bruderberg.

86
Q

synonym for Müller Thurgau in Luxembourg

A

Rivaner

87
Q

Saar producers

A

Egon Muller
Markus Molitor
Van Volxem
Peter Lauer, Ayl

88
Q

Goldtropfchen
where
climate/geo
producers

A

in Piesport, Mosel

south facing bowl of vines. dramatic amphitheater. deep clay like slate. cliffs to the north protect vines from cold winds

Reinhold Haart
Julian Haart
Weingut St. Urbans-Hof
AJ Adam
Schloss Lieser-Thomas Haag

89
Q

Doctor Vineyard

A

in Bernkastel, Mosel. 3.25 ha / 1.8 acre plot. South facing, slope of 45-60 degrees. Dark, weathered slate soils.

Markus Molitor
Schloss Lieser
Wwe Dr. H. Thanisch

90
Q

Lay Vineyard

A

in Bernkaste, Mosel. lay = slate. soils are blue shale and slate, heavier and deeper than found in either Graach or Wehlen to the north. 8ha / 20 acres. faces west to SW

Dr Loosen
Joh. Jos. Prum

91
Q

Bernkasteler Badstube

A

both a Gross Lage and a Grosslage. upslope from Lay, reaches 65 degrees slope.

92
Q

Mosel alleinbesitz

A

Egon Muller (Wiltingen) Brauner Kupp - Saar;

Max Grunhaus (Mertesdorf) - Herrenberg, Abstberg, Bruderberg;

Karthaushofberg - Ruwer (Eitelsbach)

93
Q

Josephshofer

A

Von Kesselstat alleinbesitz in Graach, Mosel

94
Q

Würzgarten

A

in Urzig, Mosel

JJ Prum
Dr Loosen
JJ Crhistoffel

95
Q

Benefits of slate soil in mosel

A

retains heat- helps ripening

well draining

helps to prevent erosion

limits incursion of phylloxera- the bug can’t thrive on slate.

96
Q

pros and cons of single post training in Mosel

A

easier for vineyard workers to navigate the slopes

non trellised vines can have lower airflow, so leaf removal is necessary. however the increased sunlight to the grapes can bring TDN flavorskirch

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