Neurotransmitter receptors

Question 1

a single receptor is activated by ______ type(s) of NT

a single NT can bind to ____ type(s) of receptors

Answer 1

a single receptor is activated by a single type(s) of NT

a single NT can bind to multiple type(s) of receptors

Question 2

ionotropic receptor structure

Answer 2

ligand gated receptors, 5 subunits, each subunit has 4 transmembrane domains

Question 3

pharmacology

Answer 3

which transmitters bind and which drugs affect the receptor

Question 4

kinetics

Answer 4

the time it takes for the transmitter binding process and channel opening and closing

Question 5

selectivity

Answer 5

which ions it allows through

Question 6

conductance

Answer 6

how well it allows those ions it is selective for through

Question 7

metabotropic G- protein-coupled receptors

Answer 7

7 transmembrane domains, receptors associate with and activate complex called G-protein, about 20 varieties of G-protein each with various downstream effectors

Question 8

G-protein signaling

Answer 8

at rest G-protein is associated with GDP. transmitter binding activates G-protein specific to this receptor, GDP exchanged for GTP. G-protein splits into two pieces: Gβγ and Gα (both have downstream effectors). Gα hydrolyzes the GTP to GDP and reunites with Gβγ.

Question 9

types of effector proteins

Answer 9

kinases: phosphorylate other proteins
phosphatases: dephosphorylate other proteins
other second messengers (another word for downstream effectors)

Question 10

amplification

Answer 10

widespread, long-lasting effects. a single receptor activates one G-protein, G has many effectors, which have many effectors, etc.