Hypothalamus ANS Flashcards
hypothalamus
helps us maintain homeostasis
homeostasis
balance and maintenance of an organism’s internal environment
humoral responses
regulation of pituitary, releases hormones (which can be released far from their receptors, unlike NT)
visceromotor responses
autonomic nervous system
posterior pituitary
hypothalamic neurons secrete hormones (neurohormones) directly into bloodstream
hormones of posterior pituitary
vasopresin: works to increase the retention of water (in response to low blood pressure or high blood [Na+])
oxytocin: uterine contractions during birth, breastfeeding, sense of community
anterior pituitary
hypothalamic neurons secrete hypophisiotropic hormones which signal to anterior pituitary cells, which then secrete hormones in the blood stream
stress response
release of corticotropic releasing hormone from the hypothalamus causes release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary. ACTH causes the adrenal gland to release cortisol, which causes the stress response, effects other brain regions and has a feedback loop with the hypothalamus
autonomic nervous system
controls the things we do not have voluntary control over. innervates all organs except skeletal muscle. has three components
three components of ANS
sympathetic: fight or flight, increase BP and metabolism
parasympathetic: rest and digest, decrease BP and metabolism
enteric: digestive tract, modulated by the other two
circuitry of SNS and PNS
SNS vs. PNS: preganglionic location
SNS vs. PNS: preganglionic NT
SNS on left
SNS vs. PNS: autonomic ganglia location
SNS on left
SNS vs. PNS: postganglionic NT
SNS on left
SNS vs. PNS: spatial effect of postganglionic NT release
SNS on left
What do the SNS and PNS control?
