neuro final - Sheet1 Flashcards
What is the role of neurotransmitters in nerve impulses?
Neurotransmitters convey impulses across synapses, allowing communication between neurons.
What is the function of norepinephrine?
Norepinephrine regulates mood, dream sleep, and arousal.
How do cocaine and amphetamines affect norepinephrine?
They overstimulate postsynaptic neurons by blocking norepinephrine reuptake, increasing neuronal signaling.
What is the function of acetylcholine?
Acetylcholine regulates cardiac contractions, blood pressure, intestinal peristalsis, and glandular secretions.
How is acetylcholine involved in Alzheimer’s disease?
There is a decrease in acetylcholine-secreting neurons in Alzheimer’s disease.
How is acetylcholine involved in myasthenia gravis?
Myasthenia gravis involves a reduction in acetylcholine receptors.
What is the role of dopamine?
Dopamine is involved in the pleasure pathway and reward system.
How is dopamine involved in Parkinson’s disease?
Destruction of dopamine-secreting neurons is found in Parkinson’s disease.
What happens with excess dopamine release?
Excess dopamine release is associated with delirium.
What is the function of histamine?
Histamine is involved in arousal, pituitary hormone secretion, cerebral circulation control, and thermoregulation.
What is the function of GABA?
GABA inhibits postsynaptic neurons in the brain, helping to control excessive neural discharge.
How do anti-seizure medications work in relation to GABA?
Anti-seizure medications increase GABA function to inhibit excessive neural discharge and prevent seizures.
What is the role of serotonin?
Serotonin is involved in mood regulation, anxiety control, and sleep induction.
How is serotonin involved in schizophrenia?
Elevated serotonin levels in schizophrenia are associated with delusions and hallucinations.
What is the difference between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters?
Excitatory neurotransmitters stimulate the next neuron to generate an action potential, while inhibitory neurotransmitters block signaling.
