cdiff, apendicitis, congenital_embryonic, CF, celiac - Sheet1

Question 1

What is Clostridium Difficile (C. diff) colitis?

Answer 1

Colonic inflammation related to C. diff infection.

Question 2

What are the risk factors for C. diff colitis?

Answer 2

Hospitalization, antibiotic use, immunosuppression.

Question 3

What is the mechanism of C. diff colitis?

Answer 3

Disruption of normal colonic bacterial flora and ingestion of C. diff spores -> C. diff vegetates, multiplies, secretes toxins -> breakdown of the mucosal layer and inflammation of the colon, potentially leading to toxic megacolon.

Question 4

What are the manifestations of C. diff colitis?

Answer 4

Diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain, severe leukocytosis.

Question 5

How is C. diff colitis diagnosed?

Answer 5

H&P, C. diff stool culture, abdominal X-ray/CT.

Question 6

What is appendicitis?

Answer 6

Inflammation of the appendix, most common cause of emergency abdominal surgeries.

Question 7

What are the risk factors for appendicitis?

Answer 7

Age 10-30 years old.

Question 8

What are the complications of appendicitis?

Answer 8

Perforation, peritonitis, abscess.

Question 9

What is the mechanism of appendicitis?

Answer 9

Accumulation of feces causes obstruction, leading to vascular engorgement, mucus & bacterial accumulation -> gangrene -> perforation -> peritonitis.

Question 10

What are the manifestations of appendicitis?

Answer 10

Dull periumbilical pain that shifts to the RLQ, nausea/vomiting, anorexia, low-grade fever, localized tenderness, rebound tenderness with guarding.

Question 11

How is appendicitis diagnosed?

Answer 11

H&P, CT scan.